This article aims to critically analyze the diagnosis of conduct disorder as a possible opportunity for the formulation of prevention strategies in the field of mental health. Considered the most common psychiatric disorder in childhood and a constant concern for family and clinicians, conduct disorder has been understood by some researchers of the psychiatric field as an opportunity for preventive intervention. In order to understand the potential, fragility and the ethical implications of this proposal we analyze the main features, controversies and debates concerning its definition and the peculiarities regarding possible preventive actions. The age of onset of the disorder, the family's psychiatric history, an early diagnosis for preschool children and the differentiation between diagnostic categories applied to antisocial behavior are identified as controversial aspects of the disorder that bring important consequences for possible prevention proposals.
Prevention; Psychiatric diagnosis; Conduct disorder