Developing competencies among health professions students related to the care of people with disabilities: a pilot study

Castro, Shamyr Sulyvan; Rowe, Michael; Andrade, Luana Foroni; Cyrino, Eliana Goldfarb

doi:10.1590/1807-57622016.0684

Brazil

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Artigos • Interface 22 (65) • Apr-Jun 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622016.0684 linkcopy

Developing competencies among health professions students related to the care of people with disabilities: a pilot study

Desenvolvimento de competências relacionadas ao cuidado das pessoas com deficiência entre estudantes das profissões da saúde: um estudo piloto

Desarrollo de competencias relacionadas al cuidado de las personas con discapacidad entre estudiantes de las profesiones de la salud: un estudio piloto.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This is a two-phase study, the first was a literature review that aimed to identify a set of competencies for professional practice that would be relevant for the health care of People with disabilities (PwD). These competencies were then used to plan a thirty-hour multidisciplinary course for undergraduate health care students. The educational intervention led to improvements in the students’ learning experiences, including the development of empathy and knowledge related to the care of PwD, improved knowledge around accessibility, and an awareness of the need to humanize the care of PwD. Students reported enhanced learning experiences and an increase in knowledge related to the care of PwD, and also highlighted the need to humanize the care.

Health education; Disabled persons; Health care

Topic	Time	Content	Teaching methods
Concepts and policies related to disability	8 hrs	Historical development of the concept and definition of disability; The prevalence of disability in Brazil and in the world; Epidemiological transition and its impact on the occurrence of disability; Health policies and the rights of PwD; Accessible health services.	Lectures Movies¹¹ Discussion of clinical cases Debates¹² Role play¹³
Experience of disability	8 hrs	Students experienced controlled situations with restriction of senses (deprivation of hearing and vision) and with restriction of mobility (using canes or wheelchairs) in the university environment. We invited two persons with visual impairment and one with auditory impairment (together with sign language interpreters) to talk about life, work, school and difficulties due to their challenges.	Experiential learning¹⁴ Lectures
PwD and clinical practice	8 hrs	Lecture from a physiotherapist who works with PwD, followed by a debate in order to discuss challenges in the care of PwD. We invited two men with visual impairment and a woman in a wheelchair to participate as “patients” in a role playing exercise where the students were the “blind patients”, as if they were health professionals. At the end of this activity students, guests and professors debated the difficulties faced by PwD and students as part of the clinical encounter.	Lecture Debate Role play
Seminar presentations	6 hrs	Group 1: Discussed a movie about the life of a blind boy. Group 2: Presented a video with a testimony of a person with disabilities reporting difficulties in seeking health care. Group 3: Presented photos from a visit to a health service and an evaluation of appropriate adaptations for PwD. Group 4: Showed a video from a health professional reporting the difficulties that she faced in providing health care to a PwD. At the end of all the presentations, all attendees engaged in discussion.	Presentations Lectures Discussion

Competencies	Health profession^*
Competencies	Nur.	PT	Med.	Nutr.	Psyc.	OT	Gen.
Clinical knowledge¹⁷^-²¹		x	x			x	x
Communicationn¹⁷^-³¹	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Critical thinking¹⁷^,²⁴		x				x
Decision-making²²^,²³^,²⁵^-²⁹	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Ethical attitude²⁴		x
Health attention²²^,²³^,²⁵^-²⁸	x	x	x	x	x	x
Health professional and patient relationship²⁰		x
Interpersonal relationships²⁴		x
Knowledge and guidance on health policies²¹							x
Knowledge and abilities sharing²⁹							x
Leadership²²^,²³^,²⁵^-²⁹	x	x	x	x	x	x
Management²³^-³¹	x	x	x	x	x	x
Patient assessment²⁰		x
Patient-centered practice²⁴		x					x
Continuing education¹⁷^,¹⁸^,²⁴^-²⁸	x	x	x	x	x	x
Planning and perform of the treatment²⁰^,²⁴		x
Problem solving²⁹							x
Professional liability17						x
Professionalism¹⁹^-²¹^,³⁰		x	x				x
Quality of care32	x
Respect²⁹							x
Teamwork²⁹^,³¹			x				x
Theoretical knowledge²⁴^,³⁰^-³²	x	x	x

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UNESP Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/nº, 18618-000 Campus da UNESP- Botucatu - SP - Brasil, Caixa Postal 592, Tel.: (55 14) 3880-1927 - Botucatu - SP - Brazil
E-mail: intface@fmb.unesp.br

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[TFN1] ^* Nur. – Nursing; PT – Physical Therapy; Med. – Medicine; Nutr. – Nutrition; Psyc. – Psychology; OT – Occupational Therapy; Gen. – all health professions.