This paper describes some significant aspects of the discussion about the models of scientific Psychology present in some articles published in Brazilian scientific journals at the beginning of this century. In these journals, physicians, philosophers and psychologista discuss the objects, methods, goals and usefulness of scientific Psychology, considering the development of the most relevant theoretical proposals such as Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, and Gestalt Theory and relating to the challenges in problems of the Brazilian social-cultural reality. Psychology as a science is discussed within the context of more general models of science.