Brazilian Adults Believe that Complete Dentures would be the Solution to the Oral Impacts Caused by Reduced Dentition

Campos, Fernanda Lamounier; Kawachi, Ichiro; Rhodes, Gabriela Aparecida Caldeira; Sampaio, Aline Araujo; Chalub, Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri; Ferreira, Raquel Conceição

doi:10.1590/pboci.2022.016

Fernanda Lamounier Campos

School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-8088

Ichiro Kawachi

Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9339-2821

Gabriela Aparecida Caldeira Rhodes

School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7111-6567

Aline Araujo Sampaio

Department of Clinical, Pathology and Dental Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8704-5994

Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri Chalub Correspondence: Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri Chalub, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 31270-901. E-mail: lcfigueiredo@ufmg.br

Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-9047

Raquel Conceição Ferreira

Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-9345

Correspondence: Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri Chalub, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 31270-901. E-mail: lcfigueiredo@ufmg.br

How to cite: Campos FL, Kawachi I, Rhodes GAC, Sampaio AA, Chalub LLFH, Ferreira RC, et al. Brazilian adults believe that complete dentures would be the solution to the oral impacts caused by reduced dentition. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clín Integr. 2022; 22:e200087. https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2022.016

Academic Editor: Wilton Wilney Nascimento Padilha

Authors’ Contributions

FLC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-8088 Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing -Original Draft and Writing - Review and Editing.

IK https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9339-2821 Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation and Data Curation.

GACR https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7111-6567 Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation and Data Curation.

AAS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8704-5994 Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation and Data Curation.

LLFHC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-9047 Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing -Original Draft and Writing - Review and Editing.

RCF https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-9345 Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing -Original Draft, Writing - Review and Editing and Supervision.

All authors declare that they contributed to critical review of intellectual content and approval of the final version to be published.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Categories of the Dentition Configuration
Criteria of the dental functional classification system proposed by Nguyen et al.[⁹[9] Nguyen TC, Witter DJ, Bronkhorst EM, Pham LH, Creugers NHJ. Dental functional status in a southern Vietnamese adult population — a combined quantitative and qualitative classification system analysis. Int J Prosthodont 2011; 24(1):30-7.]	Reference category	Functional dentition (FDClassV)	Third	Fourth	Fifth	Sixth	Seventh	Eighth	Nineth
Level I – at least one natural tooth in the maxilla and mandible;	Present	Present	Present	Present	Present	Present	Present	Present	Absent
Level II – at least 10 teeth in each arch	Present	Present	Present	Present	Absent	Absent	Absent	Absent	Absent
Level III – all 12 anterior teeth present	Absent	Present	Present	Present	Present	Absent	Absent	Absent	Absent
Level IV – at least three premolar POPs	Present or absent	Present	Present	Absent	Present or absent	Present	Absent	Absent	Absent
Level V – at least one molar POP bilaterally	Present or absent	Present	Absent	Present or absent	Present or absent	Present or absent	Present	Absent	Absent

Variables	N	% (CI 95%)
Reduced dentition
10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, presence or absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	480	8.24 (6.8-9.9)
Functional dentition (FDClassV)	3,384	58.8 (55.5-61.9)
10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ≥3 premolar POPs, absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	557	9.1 (7.4-11.1)
10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	915	15.4 (13.5-17.4)
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, presence or absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	299	3.6 (2.8-4.7)
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	59	0.1 (0.5-1.6)
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	50	0.5 (0.3-0.7)
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	284	3.0 (2.2-3.9)
Less than one tooth in each arch	55	0.6 (0.4-1.1)
Self-perceived need for complete dentures^* *n≠ 6,083: Satisfaction n= 6,051; Dental pain n=6,062; Income n= 5935; Schooling (in years of study) n= 6,045; self-perceived need for complete denture n= 5,886.
No	3,912	72.2 (68.8-75.4)
Yes	1,974	27.8 (24.6-31.2)
Presence of oral impacts
Absence (OIDP=0)	3,076	46.7 (41.8-51.5)
Presence (OIDP≥1)	3,007	53.3 (48.4-58.1)
Demographic characteristics and socioeconomic characteristics
Sex
Male	2,233	38.9 (35.2-42.8)
Female	3,850	61.1 (57.2-64.8)
Skin color
White	2,626	49.7 (45.6-53.9)
Black	671	10.7 (9.04-12.6)
Yellow	103	1.1 (0.7-1.8)
Brown	2,635	37.5 (33.2-42.1)
Indigenous	48	1.0 (0.5-1.6)
Family income (US)^* *n≠ 6,083: Satisfaction n= 6,051; Dental pain n=6,062; Income n= 5935; Schooling (in years of study) n= 6,045; self-perceived need for complete denture n= 5,886.
≤ US $ 284	820	11.8 (9.7-14.1)
US $ 285 to US $ 852	2,889	52.2 (47.8-56.6)
US $ 853 to US $ 2557	1,185	22.0 (19.2-25.0)
> US $ 2557	1,041	14.0 (11.4-17.1)
Schooling (in years of study)^* *n≠ 6,083: Satisfaction n= 6,051; Dental pain n=6,062; Income n= 5935; Schooling (in years of study) n= 6,045; self-perceived need for complete denture n= 5,886.
≤ 4	916	17.4 (14.2-21.2)
5 to 8	1,549	27.1 (24.5-29.9)
9 to 11	1,933	30.9 (27.3-34.8)
≥ 12	1,647	24.6 (20.0-29.7)
Age group (years)
35-39	3,558	56.7 (53.7-59.6)
40-44	2,525	43.3 (40.4-46.3)
Total	6,083	100.0
Subjective aspects of oral health
Dental pain^* *n≠ 6,083: Satisfaction n= 6,051; Dental pain n=6,062; Income n= 5935; Schooling (in years of study) n= 6,045; self-perceived need for complete denture n= 5,886.
No	4,499	70.9 (67.5-73.9)
Yes	1,563	29.1 (26.0-32.4)
Satisfaction with teeth/mouth^* *n≠ 6,083: Satisfaction n= 6,051; Dental pain n=6,062; Income n= 5935; Schooling (in years of study) n= 6,045; self-perceived need for complete denture n= 5,886.
Satisfied	2,516	43.2 (39.5-47.0)
Dissatisfied	3,535	56.8 (53.0-60.5)
Oral health conditions
Presence of gingival bleeding
No	3,262	51.4 (47.1-55.5)
Yes	2,821	48.6 (44.5-52.8)
Presence of calculus
No	1,884	30.9 (28.1-33.8)
Yes	4,199	69.1 (66.2-71.9)
Presence of shallow periodontal pocket
No	4,344	71.2 (68.1-74.2)
Yes	1,739	28.8 (25.8-31.9)
Presence of deep pocket
No	5,733	92.9 (90.4-94.7)
Yes	350	7.1 (5.3-9.6)

Variables^* *total n equal to 5,886 due to missing dependent variable self-perceived need for complete dentures (3,2%). Final model obtained from the adjustment sequence: Model 1 - reduced dentition, satisfaction, impact, pain, gingival bleeding, calculus, shallow periodontal pocket, deep pocket, sex, income, schooling and skin color; Model 2 – reduced dentition, satisfaction, impact, sex, income, schooling and skin color; Final Model – reduced dentition, impact, sex, income, schooling and skin color.	Categories	n^* *total n equal to 5,886 due to missing dependent variable self-perceived need for complete dentures (3,2%). Final model obtained from the adjustment sequence: Model 1 - reduced dentition, satisfaction, impact, pain, gingival bleeding, calculus, shallow periodontal pocket, deep pocket, sex, income, schooling and skin color; Model 2 – reduced dentition, satisfaction, impact, sex, income, schooling and skin color; Final Model – reduced dentition, impact, sex, income, schooling and skin color.	% self-perceived need for CD (yes)	Crude OR (95% CI)	p-value	Final Model OR (95% CI)	p-value
Reduced dentition	10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, presence or absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	465	36.1	1		1
	Functional dentition (FD_ClassV)	3,275	18.5	0.40 (0.26-0.62)	<0.001	0.44 (0.28-0.70)	<0.001
	10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ≥3 premolar POPs, absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	537	33.5	0.89 (0.53-1.51)	0.669	1.03 (0.62-1.71)	0.912
	10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	883	36.4	1.01 (0.59-1.75)	0.961	1.05 (0.60-1.82)	0.863
	Less than 10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, presence or absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	288	46.6	1.55 (0.78-3.07)	0.212	1.52 (0.75-3.09)	0.244
	Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	57	61.6	2.85 (1.05-7.70)	0.039	3.99 (1.35-11.83)	0.013
	Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	50	67.9	3.75 (1.34-10.46)	0.012	4.21 (1.34-13.19)	0.014
	Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally	279	76.1	5.63 (2.95-10.76)	<0.001	5.42 (2.80-10.47)	<0.001
	Less than one tooth in each arch	52	79.6	6.92 (1.90-25.20)	0.003	6.29 (1.55-25.52)	0.010
Impact	Absence (OIDP=0)	2,993	19.0	1		1
	Presence (OIDP≥1)	2,893	35.5	2.34 (1.70-3.23)	<0.001	2.07 (1.51-2.85)	<0.001
Sex	Male	2,164	26.8	1		1
	Female	3,722	28.4	1.08 (0.84-1.40)	0.531	1.02 (0.77-1.35)	0.877
Skin color	White	2,528	25.1	1
	Black	653	33.1	1.48 (1.06-2.06)	0.021	1.19 (0.82-1.72)	0.360
	Brown	2,565	28.8	1.21 (0.91-1.59)	0.181	0.90 (0.66-1.24)	0.536
	Yellow/Indigenous	140	46.4	2.59 (1.38-4.87)	0.003	2.14 (1.05-4.38)	0.037
Family income	≤ US $ 284	793	40.9	1
	US $ 285 to US $ 852	2,784	29.4	0.60 (0.40-0.90)	0.014	0.81 (0.52-1.26)	0.350
	US $ 853 to US $ 2557	1,156	22.4	0.41 (0.26-0.67)	<0.001	0.68 (0.41-1.12)	0.130
	> US $ 2557	1,021	15.8	0.27 (0.17-0.44)	<0.001	0.50 (0.28-0.90)	0.022
Schooling	≤4 years of study	883	35.4	1
	5 to 8 years	1,478	30.7	0.81 (0.55-1.19)	0.282	0.94 (0.63-1.42)	0.787
	9 to 11 years	1,876	28.5	0.73 (0.47-1.12)	0.151	1.31 (0.79-2.16)	0.291
	≥ 12 years	1,621	18.2	0.41 (0.27-0.62)	<0.001	0.95 (0.60-1.50)	0.819
Dental pain	No	4,376	25.4	1
	Yes	1,498	33.3	1.46 (1.13-1.90)	0.004
Satisfaction	Very satisfied/Satisfied	2,461	19.2	1
	Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied/Dissatisfied/Very dissatisfied	3,404	34.2	2.19 (1.66-2.90)	<0.001
Gingival bleeding	No	3,203	26.2	1
	Yes	2,683	29.4	1.17 (0.83-1.64)	0.362
Calculus	No	1,857	25.8	1
	Yes	4,029	28.7	1.16 (0.87-1.53)	0.307
Shallow period pocket	No	4,216	25.7	1
	Yes	1,670	32.8	1.41 (1.02-1.96)	0.036
Deep pocket	No	5,545	27.2	1
	Yes	341	34.1	1.38 (0.71-2.69)	0.337

Total and Indirect Effect	SC	SE	p-value
Functional dentition (FD_ClassV) → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	-0.294	0.068	<0.001
Indirect (via OIDP)	-0.044	0.015	0.003
10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ≥3 premolar POPs, absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally →, self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	-0.063	0.051	0.215
Indirect (via OIDP)	-0.032	0.010	0.002
10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	-0.037	0.054	0.495
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.005	0.010	0.610
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, presence or absence of ≥3 premolar POPs presence or absence of ≥ 1 molar POP bilaterally → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.002	0.039	0.958
Indirect (via OIDP)	-0.002	0.007	0.821
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, ≥ 3 premolar POPs, presence or absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.038	0.029	0.184
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.006	0.005	0.212
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, ≥1 molar POP bilaterally → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.046	0.020	0.023
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.001	0.003	0.791
Less than 10 teeth in each arch, <12 anterior teeth, absence of ≥3 premolar POPs, absence of ≥1 molar POP bilaterally → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.146	0.038	<0.001
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.003	0.006	0.592
Less than one tooth in each arch → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.132	0.033	0.000
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.005	0.006	0.442
Skin color (Black) → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.042	0.033	0.208
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.011	0.007	0.118
Skin color (Brown) → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.003	0.038	0.946
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.025	0.008	0.004
Skin color (Yellow/Indigenous) → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	0.052	0.028	0.060
Indirect (via OIDP)	0.010	0.005	0.057
Income US $ 285 to US $ 852 → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	-0.162	0.043	<0.001
Indirect (via OIDP)	-0.045	0.011	<0.001
Income US $ 853 to US $ 2557 → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	-0.116	0.049	0.019
Indirect (via OIDP)	-0.037	0.012	0.001
Income > US $ 2557 → self-perceived need for complete dentures
Total	-0.081	0.050	0.105
Indirect (via OIDP)	-0.014	0.010	0.142
Goodness of fit: SRMR= 0.052 / CFI= 0.974 / TLI=0.967

[1] Correspondence: Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri Chalub, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 31270-901. E-mail: lcfigueiredo@ufmg.br

Brasil

Brasil

Brazilian Adults Believe that Complete Dentures would be the Solution to the Oral Impacts Caused by Reduced Dentition

Abstract

Objective:

Material and Methods:

Results:

Conclusion: