Accurate measurement of pitch-based carbon fiber electrical resistivity

Guimarães, Caroline Jovine Bouças; Aguiar, Alcino Palermo de; Castro, Alexandre Taschetto de

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.08720

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SHORT COMMUNICATIONS • Polímeros 31 (1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.08720 copy

Accurate measurement of pitch-based carbon fiber electrical resistivity

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study investigated the appropriate methodology required to measure single carbon fibers electrical resistivity. Two- and four-probe methods were evaluated for this measurement. Comparing results for single filaments of pitch-based and PAN-based fibers shows that the two-probe method gives acceptable results for PAN-based fibers, but much higher deviations from adjusted resistivity for pitch-based fibers (>15%). The four-probe method shows small deviations (<1%) for both precursors and is the most suitable for measurements of pitch-based carbon fibers. The four-probe method gives higher accuracy than the two-probe for all samples tested.

Keywords:
carbon fiber; four-probe method; mesophase-pitch; electrical resistivity

Manufacturer	Name	ρ₀ (µΩ.m)	E (GPa)	D (µm)	Precursor
Cytec	K-1100	1.2	965	10.0	Pitch
Cytec	P-25	13	159	11.0	Pitch
Torayca	M46J	9	436	5.0	PAN
Torayca	T300	17	230	7.0	PAN

Name	Two-probes method				Four-probes method				F
Name	$\bar{ρ}$ _II (µΩ.m)	σ_II (µΩ.m)	RD_II (%)	t_II	$\bar{ρ}$ _IV (µΩ.m)	σ_IV (µΩ.m)	RD_IV (%)	t_IV	F
K-1100	1.4	0.3	16.7	2.30	1.2	0.2	0.0	0.00	3.36
P-25	11.7	1.2	10.1	-3.43	12.8	0.6	1.9	-1.05	4.00
M46J	8.9	0.6	1.1	-0.53	8.9	0.3	1.1	-1.05	4.00
T300	16.4	1.7	3.5	-1.12	16.8	0.8	1.2	-0.79	4.52

Name	ρ_L (μΩ٠m)	t_II-value	t_IV-value
K-1100	1.17^[⁵²52 Yuan, G., Xuanke, L., Westwood, A., Dong, Z., Rand, B., Cui, Z., Cong, Y., Zhang, J., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., & Wang, J. (2014). The structure and properties of ribbon-shaped carbon fibers with high orientation. Carbon, 68, 426-439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.11.019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.11... ^]	2.65	0.47
P-25	13.7^[⁵³53 Xiang, X., & Chung, D. D. L. (2019). Colossal electric permittivity discovered in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber, with comparison of PAN-based and pitch-based carbon fibers. Carbon, 145, 734-739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2019.01.069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2019.01... ^]	-1.84	2.11
M46J	9.3^[⁵⁴54 Yamane, T., Katayama, S., Todoki, M., & Hatta, I. (1996). Thermal diffusivity measurement of single fibers by an ac calorimetric method. Journal of Applied Physics, 80, 4358-4365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363394. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.363394... ^]	-1.84	-1.95
T300	16.8^[⁵⁵55 Fengmei, H., Jianping, L., Conghui, C., Zhenglong, Z., & Yinjie, S. (2010). Evaluation and characterization on electric resistivity of carbon fiber. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 40(2), 109-111.^]	-0.74	0.00

Name	Two-probe method			Four-probe method
Name	R^II_c (Ω)	ρ^II_a (μΩ٠m)	R²	R^IV_c (Ω)	ρ^IV_a (μΩ٠m)	R²
K-1100	17	1.2	0.99936	5	1.2	0.99999
P-25	25	12.9	0.99979	8	13.0	0.99966
M46J	90	8.9	0.99992	92	8.9	0.99973
T300	215	16.7	0.99993	211	16.7	0.99998

Name	$\bar{R}$ (kΩ)	RD_II (%)	RD_IV (%)	RSD_II (%)	RSD_IV (%)
K-1100	0.5	16.7	0.8	23	15
P-25	2.8	9.3	0.5	10	5
T300	10.0	2.0	0.4	7	3
M46J	11.4	0.3	0.3	10	5

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