Feline injection site sarcoma: computed-tomographic density and assessment of tumor dimensions by different methods

Zardo, Karen Maciel; Damiani, Lucas Petri; Matera, Julia Maria; Fonseca-Pinto, Ana Carolina B.C.

doi:10.1590/S0100-736X2017001000012

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SMALL ANIMAL DISEASES • Pesq. Vet. Bras. 37 (10) • Oct 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2017001000012 copy

Feline injection site sarcoma: computed-tomographic density and assessment of tumor dimensions by different methods

Sarcoma de aplicação felino: avaliação da densidade tomográfica e das dimensões tumorais por diferentes métodos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Feline injection site sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm with digitiform projections into muscular planes that are ill recognized during physical examination and may compromise tumor margin demarcation. This study compared tumoral size of 32 cats measured by different methods, and evaluated the CT density of 10 tumoral tissues (Hounsfield unit) based on histograms. Tumor axes were measured by physical examination and CT images. Larger craniocaudal axis measurements were obtained following multiplanar reconstruction of pre- and post-contrast CT images (p=0.049 and p=0.041 respectively); dorsoventral axis measurements taken from post-contrast CT images were also larger (p=0.010). Tumor volume estimates increased following contrast-enhancement. Histograms tended to produce two peaks: one in the fat and another in the soft tissue attenuation range. Multiplanar reconstructed post-contrast CT images provided clearer definition of tumor margins and more judicious determination of tumor size. A tendency of common FISS attenuation profile could be described.

INDEX TERMS:
Feline injection-site sarcoma; tumoral density; computed tomographic; tumoral dimension

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[1] *Corresponding author: kmzardo@gmail.com

Axis	Method of measurement	N	Minimum (cm)	Maximum (cm)	Mean (cm)	SD (cm)	Median (cm)
Craniocaudal	Physical examination	36	0.50	12.00	4.38	2.79	4.00
	Pre-contrast CT	37	2.30	13.00	7.10	2.98	6.90
	Pre-contrast MPR CT	10	2.28	13.93	7.44	2.99	7.28
	Post-contrast CT	33	2.30	13.00	7.23	3.20	7.00
	Post-contrast MPR CT	10	2.37	15.09	7.80	3.27	7.38
Laterolateral	Physical examination	36	0.50	12.00	3.08	2.28	2.80
	Pre-contrast CT	37	0.80	9.13	3.04	2.06	2.82
	Pre-contrast MPR CT	10	1.06	8.87	3.28	2.63	2.23
	Post-contrast CT	33	0.79	9.17	3.20	2.14	2.78
	Post-contrast MPR CT	10	0.70	6.20	2.80	1.88	2.32
Dorsoventral	Physical examination	36	0.50	12.00	4.69	2.83	5.00
	Pre-contrast CT	37	0.80	8.71	5.34	1.92	5.45
	Pre-contrast MPR CT	10	4.14	8.01	6.19	1.46	6.47
	Post-contrast CT	33	0.80	9.15	5.56	2.10	5.72
	Post-contrast MPR CT	10	3.00	8.51	6.37	1.81	6.71

Axis	Physical examination			Pre-contrast CT			Post-contrast CT			P Value
Axis	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	P Value
CC	4	2.075	5.25	6.9	4.8	9	7	4.65	9.6	0.001
LL	2.8	1.5	4	2.82	1.5	3.9	2.78	1.52	4.02	0.297
DV	5	2.375	6	5.45	4.08	6.96	5.72	4.44	7.05	0.022

Multiple Comparisons	P value for CC	P value for DV
Pre-contrast CT x Physical examination	<0.001	0.998
Post-contrast CT x Physical examination	<0.001	0.041
Post-contrast CT x Pre-contrast CT	0.421	0.048

Axis	Pre-contrast CT			Pre-contrast MPR CT			P value
Axis	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	P value
CC	6.90	4.80	9.00	7.28	6.16	8.26	0.049
LL	2.82	1.50	3.90	2.23	1.55	4.67	0.193
DV	5.45	4.08	6.96	6.47	4.93	7.37	0.084

Axis	Post-contrast CT			Post-contrast MPR CT			P value
Axis	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	Median	1st quartile	3rd quartile	P value
CC	7.00	4.65	9.60	7.38	6.27	9.05	0.014
LL	2.78	1.52	4.02	2.32	1.52	3.45	0.554
DV	5.72	4.44	7.05	6.71	4.99	7.81	0.010

Variable	Confidence interval for means (95%)
Variable	Minimum (cm³)	Maximum (cm³)	Mean (cm³)	SD (cm³)	Median (cm³)	Lower (cm³)	Upper (cm³)
Pre-contrast volume	1.56	184	53.2	62.42	19.1	8.54	97.9
Post-contrast volume	1.17	187	54.4	63.13	20.1	9.23	99.5
Difference (post-contrast, pre-contrast)	-0.39	3	1.2a	0.99	1.3	0.48	1.9

Variable	Factor	N	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Standard	P value*
Contrast phase	Post	10	-59.0	73.1	20.6	38.6	0,002
Contrast phase	Pre	10	-77.5	55.1	-0.4	37.2	0,002
Total		20	-77,5	73.1	10.1	38.4