Different management systems affect soil C, however decreases in the C stocks of native Cerrado areas converted to pasture have been reported. This calls for further research on this trend, under different management systems and soil-climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil aggregation, C levels and natural abundance of δ13C in a 20 year-old pasture (PA), following nine years of cropping, with signs of degradation compared to soil under native Cerrado (CE) in an adjacent area. The studied areas are located in Rio Verde, state of Goiás (Brazil), with soil classified as clayey Oxisol. In samples from the layers 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm the distribution of water stable aggregates (microaggregates, mesoaggregates and macroaggregates), mean weight diameter (MWD) and mean geometric diameter (DMG), C contents and δ13C, the mean residence time of C (TRM), and the free light fraction of organic matter (FLL) were determined. Results indicated that grazing after cropping reduced the original C stock by 21 %, possibly due to a lower FLL input. Soil showed high aggregation and no significant difference between the assessed areas was observed. However, C levels in macroaggregates were lower in PA compared to CE, while in microaggregates C was not affected, suggesting, respectively, greater and lower sensitivity to management and lower and greater protection of C by these aggregate classes. Values of TRM and isotopic abundance reinforced these findings, showing a replacement of 83 % of the original C after crop and pasture cultivation for 29 years. A constant application of plant residues to the soil surface as well as C maintenance within macro and mesoaggregates are essential factors to ensure C accumulation in this soil type.
Soil aggregation; soil organic matter; isotopic composition
