Physiological indices of sour passion fruit under brackish water irrigation strategies and potassium fertilization

Lima, Geovani S. de; Pinheiro, Francisco W. A.; Souza, Weslley B. B. de; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.; Gheyi, Hans R.; Nobre, Reginaldo G.; Queiroga, Roberto C. F. de; Fernandes, Pedro D.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p383-392

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 27 (5) • May 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p383-392 copy

Physiological indices of sour passion fruit under brackish water irrigation strategies and potassium fertilization¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, Pombal, PB, Brazil

Índices fisiológicos do maracujazeiro-azedo sob estratégias de irrigação com água salobra e adubação potássica

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS:

Irrigation with water of 4.0 dS m^-1 in the vegetative stage of passion fruit reduces electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade.

Chlorophyll synthesis is inhibited by salt stress, regardless of the phenological stage of plants.

Potassium does not mitigate salt stress on the gas exchange of sour passion fruit.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological indices of sour passion fruit under brackish water irrigation strategies and potassium fertilization. The study was carried out under field conditions in São Domingos, PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with treatments consisting of six brackish water irrigation strategies (irrigation with moderately saline (1.3 dS m^-1) water throughout the crop cycle - WS; irrigation with high-salinity (4.0 dS m^-1) water in the vegetative stage - VE; flowering stage - FL; fruiting stage - FR; successively in the vegetative/flowering stages - VE/FL; and vegetative/fruiting stages - VE/FR) and two doses of potassium (207 and 345 g K₂O per plant per year, corresponding, respectively, to 60 and 100% of recommendation), with four replicates and three plants per plot. Irrigation with water of 4.0 dS m^-1 reduced the osmotic and water potentials in the leaf blade, synthesis of chlorophylls a and b, transpiration, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency of sour passion fruit, regardless of the development stage. Salt stress in the vegetative, flowering, fruiting, and successively in the vegetative/flowering and vegetative/fruiting stages increases intercellular electrolyte leakage in sour passion fruit. Fertilization with 100% of the K recommendation increased stomatal conductance, CO₂ assimilation rate, and instantaneous water use efficiency of sour passion fruit cv. BRS GA1 under irrigation with water of 1.3 dS m^-1 throughout the crop cycle.

Key words:
Passiflora edulis Sims; salt stress; potassium; osmoregulation

Chemical characteristics
pH (H₂O) (1:2.5)	OM (dag kg^-1)	P (mg kg^-1)	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺	H⁺
pH (H₂O) (1:2.5)	OM (dag kg^-1)	P (mg kg^-1)	(cmol_c kg^-1)
7.82	0.81	10.60	0.30	0.81	2.44	1.81	0	0
Chemical characteristics				Physical characteristics
EC_se (dS m^-1)	CEC (cmol_c kg^-1)	SAR_se (mmol L^-1)^0.5	ESP (%)	Particle-size fraction (g kg^-1)			Moisture (dag kg^-1)
EC_se (dS m^-1)	CEC (cmol_c kg^-1)	SAR_se (mmol L^-1)^0.5	ESP (%)	Sand	Silt	Clay	33.42 kPa¹	1519.5 kPa²
1.52	5.36	6.67	15.11	820.90	170.10	9.00	12.87	5.29

Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	K⁺	HCO₃^-	CO₃^2-	Cl^-	EC (dS m^-1)	pH	SAR (mmol L^-1)^0.5
(mmol_C L^-1)							EC (dS m^-1)	pH	SAR (mmol L^-1)^0.5
0.85	0.40	5.81	0.40	5.09	0	4.07	1.30	6.69	7.34

Source of variation	DF	Mean squares
Source of variation	DF	Ψo	Ψw	RWC	% IEL	Chl a	Chl b	Car
Irrigation strategy (IS)	5	0.99**	1.20**	764.28**	196.41**	59.99**	4.52**	1.29*
Potassium doses (KD)	1	0.02^ns	0.04^ns	27.80^ns	2.68^ns	1.32^ns	0.01^ns	0.09^ns
Interaction (IS × KD)	5	0.07^ns	0.04^ns	49.68^ns	2.87^ns	3.24^ns	0.87^ns	0.20^ns
Blocks	3	0.07^ns	0.01^ns	54.43^ns	11.88^ns	0.67^ns	1.11^ns	0.17^ns
Residual	33	0.08	0.05	25.92	5.49	3.47	0.55	0.28
CV (%)		22.73	17.99	7.55	12.43	17.20	25.54	14.61

Source of variation	DF	Mean squares
Source of variation	DF	gs	Ci	E	A	WUEi	CEi
Irrigation strategy (IS)	5	0.271**	12134.52**	2.50**	51.73**	0.0016**	0.00009**
Potassium doses (KD)	1	0.006^ns	330.75^ns	0.02^ns	11.61*	0.0001^ns	0.000003^ns
Interaction (IS × KD)	5	0.014*	2743.98^ns	0.20^ns	15.40*	0.0002*	0.000005^ns
Blocks	3	0.003^ns	485.95^ns	0.81^ns	5.76^ns	0.000005^ns	0.000009^ns
Residual	33	0.002	1318.35	0.18	2.03	0.00005	0.000004
CV (%)		27.53	11.98	17.77	15.77	22.22	22.80

Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, UFCG, Av. Aprígio Veloso 882, Bodocongó, Bloco CM, 1º andar, CEP 58429-140, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, Tel. +55 83 2101 1056 - Campina Grande - PB - Brazil
E-mail: revistagriambi@gmail.com

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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: geovanisoareslima@gmail.com

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Physiological indices of sour passion fruit under brackish water irrigation strategies and potassium fertilization1 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, Pombal, PB, Brazil

Índices fisiológicos do maracujazeiro-azedo sob estratégias de irrigação com água salobra e adubação potássica

HIGHLIGHTS:

ABSTRACT

Physiological indices of sour passion fruit under brackish water irrigation strategies and potassium fertilization¹ 1 Research developed at Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, Pombal, PB, Brazil