Gas exchange and leaf contents in bell pepper under energized water and biofertilizer doses

Borges, Francisca R. M.; Viana, Thales V. de A.; Marinho, Albanise B.; Pinheiro Neto, Luis G.; Azevedo, Benito M. de

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n6p533-538

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SOIL, WATER AND PLANT MANAGEMENT • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 20 (6) • June 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n6p533-538 copy

Gas exchange and leaf contents in bell pepper under energized water and biofertilizer doses

Trocas gasosas e teores foliares no pimentão sob água energizada e doses de biofertilizante

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of energized water and bovine biofertilizer doses on the gas exchange and NPK contents in leaves of yellow bell pepper plants. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Federal University of Ceará, in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, from June to November 2011. The experiment was set in a randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme; the plots were composed of treatments with energized and non-energized water and the subplots of five doses of liquid biofertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mL plant^-1 week^-1). The following variables were analyzed: transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and leaf contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Water energization did not allow significant increases in the analyzed variables. The use of biofertilizer as the only source of fertilization was sufficient to provide the nutrients N, P and K at appropriate levels for the bell pepper crop.

Key words:
Capsicum annuum L.; organic fertilization; photosynthesis

Chemical characteristics
C	OM	pH	P	K	Ca	Mg	Na	H+Al	SB	CEC	V	SSP
g kg^-1		pH	mg dm^-3	mmol_c dm^-3							%
12.83	22.12	7.0	1.064	3.68	41.5	33.5	5.61	5.8	84.3	90.1	94	0

Cations (m mol_c. L ^-1)					Anions (m molc L^-1)					pH	SAR	EC (dS m^-1)	Classification
Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	K⁺	Σ	Cl-	SO₄ ^2-	HCO_3-	CO₃ ^2-	Σ	pH	SAR	EC (dS m^-1)	Classification
Non-energized water
1.00	1.7	4.3	0.2	7.2	3.8	-	3.6	-	7.4	7.9	3.81	0.73	C₂S₁: Water with intermediate salinity and low sodium concentration
Energized water
0.7	1.8	5.1	0.3	7.9	4.2	-	3.6	-	7.8	7.8	4.61	0.79	C₃S₁: Water with high salinity and low sodium concentration

Source of variation	DF	Mean square
		A	gs	E	N	P	K	N	P	K
		A	gs	E	67 DAT			173
Water energization (En)	1	4.290^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.003^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	7.009^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.056^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.011^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	37.969^* * Significant F test at 0.05;	0.023^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.036^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	15.769^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation
Residue (a)	4	50.205	0.016	1.832	1.409	0.088	1.981	3.454	0.994	7.881
Biofertilizer (Bio)	4	12.666^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.007^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	1.402^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	14.602^* * Significant F test at 0.05;	0.289^* * Significant F test at 0.05;	4.378^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	6.548^* * Significant F test at 0.05;	0.857^ Significant by F at 0.01;	46.050^* * Significant F test at 0.05;
Interaction En x Bio	4	15.272^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.009^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	2.995^* * Significant F test at 0.05;	14.790^* * Significant F test at 0.05;	0.107^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	9.891^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	4.027^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	0.232^ns ns Not significant, CV – Coefficient of variation; DF – Degrees of freedom; DAT – Days after transplantation	46.050^* * Significant F test at 0.05;
Residue (b)	16	6.601	0.004	0.737	3.583	0.065	5.059	1.767	0.085	10.444
CV –a (%)	-	49.73	49.07	22.39	3.74	6.77	2.87	9.18	14.32	6.38
CV –b (%)	-	18.03	24.00	14.20	5.97	5.82	4.59	6.57	4.19	7.34

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[1] robevania_b@hotmail.com (Corresponding author)