Technical and economic viability of co-inoculation with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> in soybean cultivars in the Cerrado

Galindo, Fernando S.; Teixeira Filho, Marcelo C. M.; Buzetti, Salatier; Ludkiewicz, Mariana G. Z.; Rosa, Poliana A. L.; Tritapepe, Caio A.

doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p51-56

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ARTICLE • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 22 (1) • Jan 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p51-56 copy

Technical and economic viability of co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean cultivars in the Cerrado

Viabilidade técnica e econômica da coinoculação com Azospirillum brasilense em cultivares de soja no cerrado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) efficiency can be increased by co-inoculation with bradyrhizobia and Azospirillum brasilense, allowing even greater uptake of water and nutrients, leading to higher yields. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the technical and economic viability of soybean in the Cerrado, according to the cultivars and co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria, MS, in no-tillage system, in Oxisol, arranged in a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme with two cultivars (‘Potência’ and ‘Valiosa’), with and without co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in the seed. Co-inoculation with A. brasilense increases grain yield in the cultivars ‘Potência’ and ‘Valiosa’, being economically viable. However, using the cultivar ‘Potência’ co-inoculated led to the highest profitability.

Key words:
biological nitrogen fixation; total operating cost; Glycine max; technical performance; economic performance

Co-inoculation	Pods per plant	100-grain weight (g)		Grain yield (kg ha^-1)
With A. brasilense	70.00	17.13		5413 a
Without A. brasilense	61.63	16.35		4868 b
Cultivar
‘Potência’	64.63	15.84		5235 a
‘Valiosa’	67.00	17.64		5046 a
Overall mean	65.81	16.74		5141
C.V. (%)	7.40	2.24		8.08
LSD (5%)	5.51	0.42		470
Follow-up analysis
Co-inoculation	Number of pods per plant
Co-inoculation	‘Potência’		‘Valiosa’
With	69.75 aA		70,25 Aa
Without	55.50 bA		63,75 Aa
LSD (5%)	7.79
	100-grain weight
	‘Potência’		‘Valiosa’
With	16.28 aB		17,98 aA
Without	15.40 bB		17,30 bA
LSD (5%)	0.60

Production Cost
Description	Specification¹	Nº times	Coefficient	Unit value	Total value
Description	Specification¹	Nº times	Coefficient	(R$)
A - Mechanized operations
Desiccation	MH	1.00	0.50	85.00	42.50
Mowing (triton)	MH	1.00	0.50	85.00	42.50
Sowing	MH	1.00	1.00	110.00	110.00
Spray	MH	3.00	0.60	85.00	153.00
Harvest	MH	1.00	0.60	118.00	70.80
Irrigation (pivot)	mm	1.00	140.00	2.50	350.00
Subtotal A					768.80
B - Inputs
Fertilizer 04-20-20	T	1.00	0.40	1.510.71	604.28
Fertilizer with cobalt and molybdenum	L	1.00	0.15	73.20	10.98
Inoculant (B. elkanii and B. japonicum)	100 mL	1.00	2.00	10.00	20.00
Inoculant (A. brasilense)	100 mL	0.00	2.00	10.00	0.00
Soybean seeds	50-kg sack	1.00	1.00	100.00	100.00
Herbicide Glyphosate	L	1.00	4.00	14.51	58.04
Herbicide 2,4-D	L	1.00	1.00	13.24	13.24
Herbicide Clorimuron	kg	1.00	0.03	146.68	4.40
Fungicide for seed treatment Carbendazim	L	1.00	0.05	45.57	2.28
Insecticide for seed treatment Thiamethoxam	L	1.00	0.10	407.68	40.77
Fungicide Azoxystrobin + Cyproconazole	L	1.00	0.30	150.89	45.27
Insecticide Methomyl	L	1.00	0.50	22.54	11.27
Subtotal B					910.53
Effective operating cost (EOC)				1,679.33
Other expenses				83.97
Costing interest rate				54.58
Total operating cost (TOC)				1,817.87

Without A. brasilense					With A. brasilense
TOC R$	YIELD*	GR	OP	PI %	TOC	YIELD*	GR	OP	PI %
TOC R$	YIELD*	R$		PI %	TOC	YIELD*	R$		PI %
‘Potência’
1817,87	82.11	5,090.71	3,272.84	64.29	1,839.52	92.39	5,728.07	3,888.54	67.89
‘Valiosa’
1817,87	80.16	4,969.84	3,151.97	63.42	1,839.52	88.05	5,459.00	3,619.48	66.30
Mean	81.14	5,030.28	3,212.38	63.86	Mean	90.22	5,593.54	3,752.51	67.10

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[1] fs.galindo@yahoo.com.br (Corresponding author)