The conservation and use of genetic resources of Annonaceae of edible fruits are analyzed from a survey dated on 2010 by the National Network of Annonaceae (REMA) of the National Plant Genetic Resources (SINAREFI) and complemented by recent studies. It started with a review of herbarium records in the Global Biodiversity Information (REMIB) in addition to collecting information with producers and rural communities in field trips along the states where Annonaceae are distributed. There are in Mexico 14 genera and 63 species of Annonaceae distributed mainly in tropical regions of Southeast Mexico. In situ conservation is sporadic and occurring in backyard gardens for soursop (Annona muricata), custard apple (A. cherimola) chincuya (A. purpurea) and sugar apple (A. squamosa) mainly. The anona (A. reticulata), llama (A. diversifolia) and chincuya (A. purpurea) are used but not cultivated. Ex situ conservation is maintained in vivo in gene banks or collections for soursop (30 accessions), cherimoya (70 accessions) and Ilama (100 collections) only. The seed is not orthodox and conservation in the middle and long term is not yet possible in Mexico. Potential uses for this edible-fruit group of plants is high but growing problems as varietal diversity, plant protection, harvest technology and information of local markets limit the crop.
Entobotany; uses; consevation; Annonaceae
