Prevalence of diagnosis and types of cancer in the elderly: data from National Health Survey 2013

Francisco, Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo; Friestino, Jane Kelly Oliveira; Ferraz, Rosemeire de Olanda; Bacurau, Aldiane Gomes de Macedo; Stopa, Sheila Rizzato; Moreira Filho, Djalma de Carvalho

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Articles • Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol. 23 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562020023.200023 copy

Prevalence of diagnosis and types of cancer in the elderly: data from National Health Survey 2013

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective: Estimate the prevalence of medical diagnosis of cancer in the elderly, describe the types of cancer, limitations in daily activities, health self-assessment, and the relationship between cancer and chronic diseases/conditions. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study using data from the elderly (n=11,177) who participated in the National Health Survey (PNS/2013). Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results: The mean age was 69.8 years (CI_95%:69.5-70.1) and 56.4% (CI_95%:54.8-58.0) were women. The diagnosis of cancer was mentioned by 5.6% (CI_95%:5.0-6.4) of the elderly, is higher for men (7.1%) than in woman (4.7%; p<0.001). The three main types of cancer were, in men: prostate (52.4%; CI_95%:43.5-61.2), skin (13.9%; CI_95%:9.1-20.6) and intestine (10.6%; CI_95%:4.9-21.5); in women: breast (46.9%; CI_95%:40.6-53.3), skin (17.3%; CI_95%:14.2-20.8) and intestine (9.8%; CI_95%:6.5-14.5). About 67% were diagnosed after age 60, 33.0% reported some limitations due to the disease and 16.8% (CI_95%:12.4-22.4) rated their health as bad/very bad. The presence of limitation was about 31% higher in those with a more recent diagnosis and self-perceived health was worse in those with a diagnosis of fewer than 5 years. In the elderly with cancer, there was a higher prevalence of hypertension, heart disease, depression, and chronic respiratory diseases (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings show the prevalence of cancer in the Brazilian elderly, with differences between genders, and the distribution of the main types and the age of the first diagnosis. The importance of hypertension, heart disease, depression, and respiratory diseases is highlighted, as well as other living and health conditions of the elderly in oncogeriatric care.

Keywords
Health of the Elderly; Neoplasms; Chronic Disease; Health Surveys; Prevalence; Brazil

Variables	Total (n=542) n (%)	60-69 years (n=260) % (CI_95%)	≥70 years (n = 282) % (CI_95%)	p
Gender
Male	238 (54.3)	48.0 (39.6 - 56.5)	52.0 (43.4 - 60.4)	0.330
Female	304 (45.7)	53.8 (46.6 - 60.9)	46.2 (39.1 - 53.4)	0.330
Color
White	369 (71.7)	49.3 (42.2 - 56.5)	50.7 (43.5 - 57.8)	0.439
Not white	173 (28.3)	54.1 (44.9 - 63.0)	45.9 (37.0 - 55.1)	0.439
Lives with spouse or partner*
Yes	239 (58.0)	57.1 (48.2 - 65.5)	42.9 (34.4 - 51.8)	0.015
No	303 (42.0)	41.8 (34.9 - 49.1)	58.2 (50.9 - 65.1)	0.015
Highest education level reached*
Uneducated and Incomplete Elementary	298 (62.0)	43.3 (36.0 - 50.9)	56.7 (49.1 - 64.0)	0.001
Complete Elementary to Middle Complete / Higher Incomplete / Complete	244 (38.0)	62.7 (54.7 - 70.0)	37.3 (30.0 - 45.3)	0.001
Health Plan
No	252 (54.7)	50.6 (43.4 - 57.7)	49.4 (42.3 - 56.6)	0.980
Yes	290 (45.3)	50.8 (40.8 - 60.6)	49.2 (39.3 - 59.2)	0.980
Age (years) at first diagnosis*
Less than 60	190 (33.3)	77.7 (70.3 - 83.7)	22.3 (16.3 - 29.7)	<0.001
60 or more	352 (66.7)	37.2 (30.7 - 44.1)	62.8 (55.9 - 69.2)	<0.001
Health self-assessment
Very good / good	220 (40.7)	51.5 (42.6 - 60.3)	48.5 (39.7 - 57.4)	0.894
Regular	235 (42.5)	51.1 (43.4 - 58.7)	48.9 (41.3 - 56.6)
Bad / very bad	87 (16.8)	47.6 (32.4 - 63.2)	52.4 (36.8 - 67.6)
Limitation of usual activities
No	364 (67.0)	52.8 (45.0 - 60.5)	47.2 (39.5 - 54.9)	0.313
Yes	178 (33.0)	46.2 (37.7 - 55.0)	53.8 (45.0 - 62.3)	0.313
Time (years) after the first diagnosis
Up to 5	247 (45.2)	53.4 (44.3 - 62.2)	46.6 (37.7 - 55.6)	0.449
Six or more	295 (54.8)	48.4 (40.6 - 56.3)	51.6 (43.6 - 59.4)	0.449

Chronic diseases	Cancer		p	RP_adjusted (CI_95%)
	Yes (n=542)	No (n=10.635)
	% (CI_95%)	% (CI_95%)
Arterial hypertension
No	41.6 (35.5 - 47.8)	49.2 (47.4 - 50.9)	0.020	1.00
Yes	58.4 (52.2 - 64.4)	50.8 (49.1 - 52.6)	0.020	1.16 (1.04 - 1.29)
Diabetes
No	81.7 (75.6 - 86.6)	80.9 (79.6 - 82.1)	0.762	1.00
Yes	18.3 (13.4 - 24.4)	19.1 (17.9 - 20.4)	0.762	0.96 (0.71 - 1.30)
High cholesterol
No	72.2 (65.2 - 78.2)	74.2 (72.6 - 75.7)	0.550	1.00
Yes	27.8 (21.8 - 34.8)	25.8 (24.3 - 27.4)	0.550	1.17 (0.92 - 1.50)
Heart disease
No	80.7 (74.6 - 85.6)	89.0 (87.8 - 90.1)	<0.001	1.00
Yes	19.3 (14.4 - 25.4)	10.9 (9.8 - 12.2)	<0.001	1.69 (1.26 - 2.25)
Stroke
No	92.6 (87.2 - 95.8)	95.2 (94.5 - 95.9)	0.139	1.00
Yes	7.4 (4.2 - 12.8)	4.8 (4.1 - 5.5)	0.139	1.36 (0.78 - 2.37)
Asthma (or asthmatic bronchitis)
No	93.3 (88.5 - 96.2)	95.4 (94.6 - 96.0)	0.222	1.00
Yes	6.7 (3.8 - 11.5)	4.6 (4.0 - 5.4)	0.222	1.49 (0.83 - 2.66)
Arthritis or rheumatism
No	82.9 (77.4 - 87.3)	83.6 (82.3 - 84.8)	0.785	1.00
Yes	17.1 (12.7 - 22.6)	16.4 (15.2 - 17.7)	0.785	1.11 (0.82 - 1.50)
Chronic spine problem**
No	66.8 (59.9 - 73.1)	72.2 (70.6 - 73.7)	0.103	1.00
Yes	33.2 (26.9 - 40.1)	27.8 (26.3 - 29.4)	0.103	1.22 (1.00 - 1.50)
Depressão
No	88.3 (83.9 - 91.7)	90.6 (89.5 - 91.6)	0.236	1.00
Yes	11.7 (8.3 - 16.1)	9.4 (8.42 - 10.5)	0.236	1.44 (1.02 - 2.03)
Lung disease or COPD***
No	92.6 (87.8 - 95.6)	96.4 (95.6 - 97.0)	0.011	1.00
Yes	7.4 (4.4 - 12.2)	3.6 (3.0 - 4.4)	0.011	1.93 (1.12 - 3.33)
Chronic kidney failure
No	94.2 (88.4 - 97.2)	97.4 (96.8 - 97.9)	0.035	1.00
Yes	5.8 (2.8 - 3.4)	2.6 (2.1 - 3.2)	0.035	2.05 (0.99 - 4.23)

Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Bloco F, 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel.: (55 21) 2334-0168 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revistabgg@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo Francisco. primaria@unicamp.br