Quality of life among people with glaucoma: analysis according to the defect in the visual field

Picanço, Amanda Araújo Barros; Picanço, Bruno Carvalho; Gusmão, Bruna Matos; Medeiros, Rosemberg; Reis, Analice Queiroz; Guedes, Hígor Rabelo; Brito, Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo; Costa, Simone de Melo

doi:10.5935/0034-7280.20180071

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Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia

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Original Article • Rev. bras.oftalmol. 77 (6) • Nov-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.5935/0034-7280.20180071 copy

Quality of life among people with glaucoma: analysis according to the defect in the visual field

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To analyze the quality of life among people with glaucoma according to the visual field defect.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional, analytical study carried out in an ophthalmology unit, Glaucoma Project, in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Patients' quality of life was assessed using the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25). The Mean Deviation (MD) parameter of the best eye was used to classify the visual field defects in mild, moderate and severe.

Results:

Four-hundred patients participated, 60.5% female. The participants' ages ranged from 19 to 80 years, the majority being over 60 (55.8%). The majority of patients presented a visual defect, regardless of whether they were referred by the public or private sector (p = 0.840). The mean quality of life score was 77.62 (± 18.007) points. The subdomain with worse mean was 'ocular pain' (53.06 ± 26.088) and with better mean was 'color vision' (94.13 ± 19.207). A negative linear correlation was observed between the quality of life scores and the visual field MD, both of the right (MD-OD) and left eye (MD-OE). Among the subdomains of quality of life, 'dependency' was the one that best explains the variation of the visual field defect and vice versa, with a determination factor equal to 7.2% for MD-OD and 8.4% for MD-OE.

Conclusion:

Visual field loss was related to poor quality of life among people with glaucoma. It is recommended to provide early diagnosis to favor treatment and delay in disease progression.

Keywords:
Glaucoma; Quality of life; Visual fields; Survey and questionnaires; Vision disorders

Variables		n	%
Gender	Female	242	60.5
	Male	158	39.5
Age	19-39	27	6.8
	40-59	150	37.5
	60-80	223	55.7
Years of study	Illiterate	34	8.5
	1 a 9	261	65.2
	10 a 12	74	18.5
	13 or more	31	7.8
Years of diagnosis	<1 year	50	12.5
	1 a 5 years	193	48.3
	6 a 10 years	97	24.3
	11 a 15 years	33	8.3
	16 or more	27	6.8

Origin	Defect			Total^* * loss of respondents /
	Mild	Moderate	Severe	p^ Pearson's Chi square
Public Sector	165(70.5%)	31(13.2%)	38(16.3%)	234(100.0%)
				0,840
Private Sector	104(69.3%)	23(15.3%)	23(15.4%)	150(100.0%)
Total	269 (70.1%)	54(14.1%)	61(15.8%)	384(100.0%)

General Health, Overall Score and subdomains of QoL	N	Minimum	Maximum	Average	Standard Deviation	Median
General Health	399	0.00	100.00	54.45	16.83	52.50
Overall Score of QoL	400	13.46	99.55	77.62	18.00	84.08
Subdomains of QoL
General sight	400	10.00	100.00	68.50	17.21	70.00
Ocular pain	400	0.00	100.00	53.06	26.08	50.00
Near-sight activities	400	0.00	100.00	78.79	24.57	87.50
Far-sight activities	400	0.00	100.00	80.29	24.61	90.00
Social aspects	400	8.33	100.00	91.96	16.97	100.00
Mental health	400	0.00	100.00	67.83	25.70	80.00
Activities of daily	400	0.00	100.00	80.60	23.86	87.50
Dependence	400	0.00	100.00	81.37	29.05	100.00
Ability to drive	79^* * losses of respondents	16.67	100.00	82.72	20.90	91.67
Color vision	396^* * losses of respondents	0.00	100.00	94.13	19.20	100.00
Peripheral vision	400	0.00	100.00	80.38	27.86	100.00

	Defect in the visual field
General Health, Overall Score and subdomains of QoL	Mild	Moderate	Severe	p^* * Kruskal-Wallis H test
General Health	52,50	60.00	52.50	0.272
Overall Score of QoL	85,83	81.82	67.97	<0.001
Subdomains of QoL
General sight	72,50	70.00	65.00	0.003
Ocular pain	50,00	50.00	50.00	0.155
Near-sight activities	91,67	80.00	66.67	<0.001
Far-sight activities	92,71	87.50	66.67	<0.001
Social aspects	100,00	100.00	100.00	<0.001
Mental health	80,00	80.00	55.00	<0.001
Activities of daily	93.75	87.50	68.75	<0.001
Dependence	100.00	93.75	68.75	<0.001
Ability to drive	91.67	80.00	66.67	0.022
Color vision	100.00	100.00	100.00	<0.001
Peripheral vision	100.00	100.00	75.00	<0.001

	Visual field
General Health, Overall Score and subdomains of QoL	MD RE(R)^* * Correlation coefficient (R);	p^* * Correlation coefficient (R);	^* * Correlation coefficient (R); MD LE(R)^* * Correlation coefficient (R);	p^ Spearman Correlation Test
Saude geral	-0.063	0.227	-0.113	0.030
Escore geral da QV	-0.239	<0.001	-0.247	<0.001
Subdominios da QV
General sight	-0.168	<0.001	-0.176	<0.001
Ocular pain	-0.081	0.120	-0.041	0.435
Near-sight activities	-0.211	<0.001	-0.243	<0.001
Far-sight activities	-0.233	<0.001	-0.213	<0.001
Social aspects	-0.230	<0.001	-0.212	<0.001
Mental health	-0.184	<0.001	-0.225	<0.001
Activities of daily	-0.187	<0.001	-0.180	0.001
Dependence	-0.269	<0.001	-0.291	<0.001
Ability to drive	-0.208	0.075	-0.071	0.546
Color vision	-0.112	0.031	-0.159	0.002
Peripheral vision	-0.173	<0.001	-0.180	<0.001

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[1] Corresponding author: Amanda Araújo Barros Picanço Programa de Pós-graduação em Cuidado Primário em Saúde - PPGCPS. Prédio 7, sala 213. Campus Universitário Prof.Darcy Ribeiro - Vila Mauricéia - Montes Claros - Minas Gerais - Brazil. Caixa Postal 126 - ZIP Code 39401-089 Phone No.:+55(38)3229-8000; 32298294. E-mail: amandaaraujobarros@yahoo.com.br