Morphological identification of <i>Skrjabinisakis</i> Mozgovoi, 1951 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in <i>Kogia sima</i> (Cetacea: Kogiidae) from Brazilian waters

Pinheiro, Raul Henrique da Silva; Bezerra, Andréa Magalhães; Giese, Elane Guerreiro

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612023064

Raul Henrique da Silva Pinheiro

Laboratório de Histologia e Embriologia Animal, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3221-5017

Andréa Magalhães Bezerra

Laboratório e Museu de Zoologia, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-1109

Elane Guerreiro Giese ^**Corresponding author: Elane Guerreiro Giese. E-mail: lheaufra@gmail.com

Laboratório de Histologia e Embriologia Animal, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7833-1334

*Corresponding author: Elane Guerreiro Giese. E-mail: lheaufra@gmail.com

Ethics declaration

The material was collected during the necropsy of the specimen and later deposited in the didactic collection of the Zoology Museum at UFRA and made available for study, which justifies the waiver of authorization to use the material.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures (3)
Tables (1)

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Figure 1
Light microscopy of S. paggiae identified in the present study: (a) lateral view of cephalic region showing muscular esophagus (me); nerve ring (nr); ventriculus (ve) and intestine (in). Bar = 200µm. (b) Lateral view of vulva (arrowhead). Bar = 100µm. (c) Posterior end of female lateral view: intestine (in), rectum (re) and anus (an). Bar = 100µm. (d) Detail posterior end of male, lateral view intestine (in), cloacal opening (cl) and spicules (arrowheads). Bar = 100µm. (e) Posterior end of male, lateral view cloacal opening (cl) and spicules (arrowheads). Bar = 200µm.

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Figure 2
Scanning electron microscopy of S. paggiae identified in the present study. (a) apical view of the anterior end showing three lips (two ventrolateral lips, one dorsolateral lip) with dentigerous ridges, lips papillae (pa), amphids (arrowheads) and excretory pore (ep). Bar = 20µm. (b) Posterior end of female, ventral view anus (an), on pair of phasmids lateral (arrowheads). Bar = 20µm. (c) Posterior end of male, ventral view, 2 of the lateral cuticular dilatations (arrow). Bar = 100µm. (d) Detail of caudal papillae sessile: 1 median papilla (me); 1 pair of single proximal papillae (a) lateral to cloaca; 1 pair of double paracloacal papillae (b); 4 pairs of distal papillae (c, d, e, f), of which (a, c, f) are equal in size and larger than (d, e), (d, e, f) are very close each other and one pair of very small papilla-like phasmids (ph), situated more laterally and posterior to last pair of distal papillae. Bar = 50µm. (e) Detail of plectanes (arrowheads) in cloacal (*). Bar = 20µm.

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Figure 3
Light microscopy of fourth-stage larvae of S. paggiae identified in the present study. (a) lateral view of cephalic region showing nerve ring (nr), muscular esophagus (me); ventriculus (ve) and intestine (in). Bar = 200µm. (b) Posterior portion, portion of the intestine (in), rectum (re), three unicellular rectal (*) glands and anus (an), the tail without mucron. Bar = 50µm.

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Table 1
Morphological and morphometric comparison of S. paggiae specimens collected from Kogiidae.

Character	Morphological and morphometric comparison Skrjabinisakis paggiae
Hosts	K. sima Atlantic coast of Brazil (State of Pará)				K. breviceps and K. sima, Atlantic coast of Florida		K. sima Atlantic coast of Brazil (State of Ceará)
Locality	K. sima Atlantic coast of Brazil (State of Pará)				K. breviceps and K. sima, Atlantic coast of Florida		K. sima Atlantic coast of Brazil (State of Ceará)
Sex	Male	Females with eggs	Females without eggs	L4	Male	Female	Male	Female
Length (mm)	21	19−28	18−25	15−21	23−40	29−50	32−35	28−42
Width	343	600−800	571−800	443−643	−	−	−	−
Nerve ring	371	314−429	286−386	257−343	−	−	−	−
Esophagus (mm)^L	2	1.9−2.3	1.6−2	1.4−1.8	2−5	2.6−2.8	2.15−2.3	2.5−2.7
Esophagus^W	429	329−386	271−386	257−343	400−450	300−400	360−390	290−320
Ventriculus shape	violin				violin		violin
Ventriculus^L	343	243−443	314−400	257−386	350−400	410−450	370−400	390−420
Ventriculus^w	200	200−229	157−271	143−229	240−270	300−350	240−250	280−330
Vulva (mm)	−	6−8	6−7	−	−	−	−	−
Spicules (mm)	0.18	−	−	−	0.17−0.22	−	0.18−0.19	−
Tail	267	147−233	137−207	77−110	150−170	−	−	−
Reference	Present study				Mattiucci et al. (2005)Mattiucci S, Nascetti G, Dailey M, Webb SC, Barros NB, Cianchi R, et al. Evidence for a new species of Anisakis Dujardin, 1845: morphological description and genetic relationships between congeners (Nematoda: Anisakidae). Syst Parasitol 2005; 61(3): 157-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-005-3158-2. PMid:16025205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-005-315...		Di Azevedo et al. (2015)Di Azevedo MIN, Knoff M, Carvalho VL, Mello WN, Lopes Torres EJ, Gomes DC, et al. Morphological and genetic identification of Anisakis paggiae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima from Brazilian waters. Dis Aquat Organ 2015; 113(2): 103-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02831. PMid:25751853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02831...

[1] *Corresponding author: Elane Guerreiro Giese. E-mail: lheaufra@gmail.com

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Morphological identification of Skrjabinisakis Mozgovoi, 1951 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Kogia sima (Cetacea: Kogiidae) from Brazilian waters

Identificação morfológica de Skrjabinisakis Mozgovoi, 1951 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) em Kogia sima (Cetacea: Kogiidae) em águas brasileiras

Abstract