Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Souza, Cristiane Trevisan Viana de; Dorr, Ana Paula; Silva, Victória Luiza de Barros; Silva, Fabiane de Lima; Silva, Eveliny Barroso da; Ramos, Dirceu Guilherme de Souza; Pacheco, Richard de Campos; Sousa, Valéria Régia Franco

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612023004

Cristiane Trevisan Viana de Souza

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Ana Paula Dorr

Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária e Doenças Parasitárias dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Hospital Veterinário - HOVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Victória Luiza de Barros Silva

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária e Doenças Parasitárias dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Hospital Veterinário - HOVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Fabiane de Lima Silva

Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra - ICET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Eveliny Barroso da Silva

Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra - ICET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Dirceu Guilherme de Souza Ramos

Laboratório de Patologia e Parasitologia Veterinária, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Jataí - UFJ, Jataí, GO, Brasil

Richard de Campos Pacheco ^**Corresponding author: Richard de Campos Pacheco. E-mail: richard.pacheco@ufmt.br

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária e Doenças Parasitárias dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Hospital Veterinário - HOVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7135-1516

Valéria Régia Franco Sousa

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Hospital Veterinário - HOVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

*Corresponding author: Richard de Campos Pacheco. E-mail: richard.pacheco@ufmt.br

Ethics declaration

The study procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Research of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (CEUA protocol no. 23108.003553/2020-73).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Spatial distribution of the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitism in dogs by administrative regions of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, from June 2021 to April 2022. Source: Adapted from Prefeitura de Cuiabá, Maps - Administrative Regions (Prefeitura de Cuiabá, 2007Prefeitura de Cuiabá. Mapas - Regiões Administrativas [online]. Cuiabá: Prefeitura de Cuiabá; 2007 [cited 2022 Jul 10]. Available from: https://www.cuiaba.mt.gov.br/upload/arquivo/Regioes%20Administrativas%20-%20Localizacao%20das%20Sedes%20Administrativas.pdf
https://www.cuiaba.mt.gov.br/upload/arqu... ).

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Factorial analysis of the complete dataset using a first-order factor model. The diagram represents the items that make up the two factors and their respective factor loadings in behavioural activities with the corresponding values. Positive correlations with the corresponding value load are represented in black. Negative correlations with the corresponding value load are represented in red. The mean of absolute values is under each factor heading. Factor one (RC1) contained four variables associated with demographic factors, namely: origin, housing (p1), breed, and outcome (presence or absence of parasitism). Factor two (RC2) contained five variables associated with the clinical signs of dogs, namely: weight loss (p11), diarrhoea (p9), dull fur (p12), abdominal distension (p13), and emesis (p10). For factor two, the inversely correlated variables were routine consultation (p5), endo (p7) and ectoparasiticide treatment (p8), sex, and age.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Absolute and percentage frequencies of endoparasites diagnosed in faecal samples from dogs in Cuiabá from June 2021 to April 2022.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Absolute and percentage frequencies, number of dogs with gastrointestinal parasites, p (chi-square test) of each variable analysed in a semi-structured questionnaire, odds ratio, and confidence interval (CI) at 95% (with lower and upper limits) of the significant variables for dogs in Cuiabá from June 2021 to April 2022.

Thumbnail

Table 3
Factor loadings rotated by the varimax method for the variables and their respective commonalities.

Thumbnail

(1)

Gastrointestinal parasites	Frequency (%)
Isolated infections
Ancylostoma spp.	29 (8.21%)
Trichuris vulpis	9 (2.55%)
Cystoisospora spp.	9 (2.55%)
Giardia duodenalis	7 (1.98%)
Toxocara spp.	2 (0.57%)
Coccidia	2 (0.57%)
Dipylidium caninum	1 (0.28%)
Mixed infections
Ancylostoma spp. + T. vulpis	10 (2.83%)
Ancylostoma spp. + Toxocara spp.	2 (0.57%)
Cystoisospora spp. + D. caninum	2 (0.57%)
Toxocara spp. + T. vulpis	1 (0.28%)
Ancylostoma spp. + Coccidia	1 (0.28%)
Ancylostoma spp. + Cystoisospora spp.	1 (0.28%)
Ancylostoma spp. + G. duodenalis	1 (0.28%)
Cystoisospora spp. + Toxocara spp.	1 (0.28%)
Ancylostoma spp., Toxocara spp. + T. vulpis	1 (0.28%)
Ancylostoma spp., G. duodenalis + T. vulpis	1 (0.28%)
Total positive samples	80 (22.66%)

Variables and categories	Frequency (%)	Dogs with parasites	p	Odds ratio (CI Lower – Upper)
Origin			< 0.001^*	12.57 (6.41 - 25.52)
Shelter	49 (13.88%)	34
Veterinary hospital	304 (86.12%)	46
Sex			0.054	-
Female	203 (57.51%)	38
Male	150 (42,49%)	42
Breed			< 0.001*	4.011 (2.35 - 7.00)
Mixed-breed	161 (45.61%)	57
Purebred	192 (54.39%)	23
Age			0.004*	3.419^¥ (1.61 - 8.01)
Young	48 (13.60%)	9
Adult	219 (62.04%)	63
Elderly	86 (24.36%)	8
Housing			0.110	-
Apartment	45 (12.75%)	6
House	308 (87.25%)	74
Street access			0.997	-
Yes	161 (45.61%)	37
No	192 (54.39%)	43
Coexistence with other animals			0.007*	2.749 (1.3 - 6.41)
Yes	281 (79.60%)	72
No	72 (20.40%)	8
Routine consultation			0.208	-
Yes	196 (55.52%)	39
No	157 (44.48%)	41
Endoparasiticide treatment			1.000	-
Yes	327 (92.63%)	74
No	26 (7.37%)	6
Ectoparasiticide treatment			0.043*	2.16 (1.23 - 3.75)
No	79 (22.38%)	27
Yes	274 (77.62%)	53
Diarrhoea			0.435	-
Yes	126 (35.69%)	32
No	227 (64.31%)	48
Emesis			0.321	-
Yes	97 (27.48%)	18
No	256 (72.52%)	62
Weight loss			0.590	-
Yes	104 (29.46%)	26
No	249 (70.54%)	54
Dull fur			0.024*	1.868 (1.03 - 3.34)
Yes	68 (19.26%)	22
No	285 (80.74%)	58
Abdominal distension			0.542	-
Yes	35 (9.92%)	6
No	318 (90.08%)	74
Parasites in faeces			0.085	-
Yes	13 (3.68%)	6
No	340 (96.32%)	74

Variables	Demographic aspects	Clinical signs	Commonality
Origin	0.92	-0.12	0.86
Breed	0.61	0.10	0.39
Sex	-0.12	-0.34	0.13
Age	-0.02	-0.31	0.10
Housing	0.89	-0.12	0.80
Routine consultation	-0.15	-0.48	0.25
Endoparasiticide treatment	-0.00	-0.38	0.14
Ectoparasiticide treatment	-0.41	-0.42	0.34
Diarrhoea	-0.21	0.58	0.38
Emesis	-0.31	0.44	0.30
Weight loss	-0.13	0.64	0.42
Dull fur	0.16	0.58	0.36
Abdominal distension	-0.12	0.45	0.22
Presence or absence of parasitism	0.61	0.16	0.40

n = \frac{N * Z_{(1 - α / 2)}^{2} * [p' * (1 - p')]}{(N - 1) * d^{2} + Z_{(1 - α / 2)}^{2} * [p' * (1 - p')]} = \frac{2574 * 3.84 * [0.5 * (1 - 0.5)]}{(2573) * 0.0025 + 3.84 * [0.5 * (1 - 0.5)]} = 335 (m i n i m u m)

[1] *Corresponding author: Richard de Campos Pacheco. E-mail: richard.pacheco@ufmt.br

Brasil

Brasil

Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Ocorrência de parasitos gastrointestinais em cães de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Abstract