The traits of the haircoat (haircoat thickness, average hair lenght with respect skin surface, number of hair per unit area, hair mass density, hair angle and average hair diameter) were estimated in 973 Holstein cattle in the period between November 2000 and April of 2001. These traits were measured in an area 20cm below the dorsal line in the center of the thorax, for the black as for the white haircoat. Hair samplings were performed with adapted pliers. The method of Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) was used to estimate the variance and covariance components under the Animal model, the program used being the MTDFREML. The results showed that traits of black haircoat were different from that of the white haircoat, when the animals are breed in a tropical environment. Black haircoat was less dense, with shorter and ticker hair fibres in order to ease the heat dissipation, while the white haircoat was denser with longer hairs, which favored protection against direct solar radiation. The selection of predominantly black cows would be a good choice under the strong solar radiation in tropical environment, because the pigmented skin under this type coat. Such a selection could be easily performed considering the high heritability (h²=0.75) of the proportion of black coat, and must consider a less dense haircoat with short and tick hairs to help the dissipation sensible and latent heat.
adaptation; cattle; Holstein cattle; haircoat; selection
