Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Brief background
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The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia (RBZ; Brazilian Journal of Animal Science) is a prominent publication in the field of Animal Science, showcasing a wide array of original scientific articles in various research topics. These encompass aquaculture, biometeorology and animal welfare, forage crops and grasslands, animal and forage plants breeding and genetics, animal reproduction, ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition, meat science and muscle biology, livestock precision, and animal production systems and agribusiness. Organized and edited by the Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (SBZ; Brazilian Society of Animal Science), a nonprofit association, RBZ is not limited to publishing works from SBZ but rather features articles from researchers around the world. Since its first issue in 1972, initially under the name “Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia”, the journal has undergone significant transformations, including a name change in 1997 to its current title, Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia (ISSN 1516-3598), which marked a new chapter in its publication history. The journal’s release frequency has evolved, starting with two issues annually from 1973 to 1978, increasing to four issues per year from 1979 to 1984, and then adopting a bimonthly format from 1985 to 2007. In 2008, RBZ transitioned to monthly publications and, in 2018, adopted the continuous publication system, ensuring timely access to the latest research findings. Along the years, continuous efforts to improve the journal’s reach and impact have led to several enhancements, such as an increase in the number of issues published, updates to the layout and size, the introduction of the online edition, the open access to articles, a focus on publishing articles in English, and the inclusion of the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) number and authors’ ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) in all published articles. Aligning with the shift towards digital accessibility, RBZ adopted an exclusively electronic format (ISSN 1806-9290) in 2010, making it accessible to a wider audience. The journal is commonly referred to by its abbreviated title, R. Bras. Zootec., which is recommended for use in bibliographies, footnotes, references, and bibliographic citations. |
Open Science compliance
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The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia operates under the Gold Open Access model, demonstrating our commitment to the highest standards of Open Science practices. To align with these principles, the corresponding author must fill out the Open Science Compliance form and submit it as a supplemental file alongside the manuscript in the ScholarOne system. This essential document allows the corresponding author to confirm their commitment to Open Science by detailing specific aspects of the manuscript. |
Ethics in publication
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The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia is committed to upholding the highest standards of ethics in publication, supporting and following the guidelines and core practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), which is dedicated to promoting integrity in research and its publication by offering guidance and support to editors, publishers, and all parties involved in ethical publishing. In line with these ethical practices, RBZ requires that all research involving animals have received a declaration of approval from a recognized research ethics committee on the use of animals. This ensures compliance with international standards of ethical conduct and animal welfare. Information regarding the approval by a research ethics committee must be mentioned at the beginning of the Materials and Methods section of each manuscript. Furthermore, RBZ has established clear guidelines regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the preparation of manuscripts. Authors are required to explicitly state if any AI tools were used, especially in the writing process. |
Focus and scope
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The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia is a publication dedicated to the broad field of Animal Science. We publish high-quality, original scientific research that spans across diverse areas within the discipline. The scope of RBZ encompasses a wide range of topics, including aquaculture, biometeorology and animal welfare, forage crops and grasslands, animal and forage plants breeding and genetics, animal reproduction, ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition, meat science and muscle biology, livestock precision, and animal production systems and agribusiness. Through covering these varied topics, RBZ aims to cater to a broad audience of researchers, educators, practitioners, and policymakers who are engaged in the study and application of Animal Science. Our mission is to foster a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in animal production, management, and welfare, contributing to the sustainable development of the animal industry globally. The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia serves as a critical resource for the latest research findings, offering insights and practical implications for those involved in the field of Animal Science. |
Digital preservation
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This journal follows the standards defined in the SciELO Program Digital Preservation Policy. |
Indexing sources
Bibliographic journal information
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Websites and social media
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Preprints
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Manuscripts deposited on preprint servers are accepted for submission to RBZ, provided that the license (CC-BY) and DOI of the preprint are clearly informed. We recommend the use of “SciELO Preprints” for authors looking to submit their preprints. During the review process, RBZ editors may consider comments and additional information from the preprint server to aid in their evaluation. Relevant insights from this phase can be integrated into the decision-making process. Immediately after the publication of the article in RBZ, it is the authors’ responsibility to inform the DOI of the article published to the Preprint server to ensure that the peer-reviewed version is accessible, maintaining the integrity of the published research. |
Peer review process
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The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia employs a single-anonymized (also known as “single-blind”) peer review system to maintain the highest standards of quality and credibility. In this system, while the authors’ identities are known to both the editors and reviewers, the reviewers remain anonymous to the authors throughout the process. The peer review process begins immediately upon manuscript submission. Initially, the manuscripts are analyzed for their adequacy to the scope and submission norms expressed in the “Instructions to Authors”. Then, the supplementary documentation (Assurance of Contents and Open Science Compliance forms and the cover letter) is checked before the manuscript is advanced for further review. Once a manuscript meets these initial requirements, it undergoes a similarity check using the Crossref Similarity Check software (iThenticate) to ensure originality. Afterward, the manuscript is reviewed by a scientific editor who acts as the editor-in-chief (EIC) in the specific subject area of the manuscript. This EIC conducts a preliminary review to verify if the manuscript aligns with the journal’s scope and evaluates its scientific merit and relevance to the journal’s focus. The EIC assigns the manuscript to a handling editor, here called associate editor (AE), who also evaluates its scientific merit and relevance to the journal’s focus. The AE selects a minimum of two reviewers with expertise in the specific study area of the manuscript. Reviewers assess the manuscript independently and submit their evaluations to the AE, focusing on the scientific validity, originality, and significance of the manuscript. The AE carefully reviews these assessments and makes a recommendation to the EIC based on the reviewers’ comments and on their own judgment. The recommendation can be for the manuscript to be accepted, revised (major or minor), or rejected. The EIC then reviews these recommendations and includes their own observations to issue a decision letter to the authors. Throughout the peer review process, we maintain strict confidentiality so that no conflicts of interest compromise the integrity of the review. Editors and reviewers are required to disclose any potential conflicts―whether positive or negative―that could compromise their capacity to deliver an impartial and objective review. Communication with authors must be conducted through the scientific editor (EIC). Authors are allowed to suggest opposed reviewers for consideration by the EIC. Adhering to the good practices of open science, the name(s) of the editor(s) responsible for the evaluation will be published in the final version of the manuscript. |
Open data
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The RBZ encourages authors to make all underlying content of the manuscript—including data, software codes, and other materials—publicly available in reputable data repositories, unless restricted by legal or ethical considerations. We recommend “SciELO Data” as a suitable repository. When choosing a data repository, authors should make sure that it adheres to the FAIR principles, which emphasize that data should be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. Authors should also consider the reliability, reputation, accessibility, and visibility of the repository to ensure that their data can be effectively shared and utilized by other researchers. |
Fees
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Article publication charges (APC) policy: For manuscripts in which at least one author is a member of the Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, the publication fee is set at R$215.00 (two hundred and fifteen Brazilian reals) per formatted page. The SBZ member must be either the first author or the corresponding author. If no authors are SBZ members, the publication fee is R$323.00 (three hundred twenty-three Brazilian reals) per formatted journal page. No submission charges: There are no submission fees, ensuring that the decision to submit a manuscript to RBZ is not hindered by financial constraints. |
Ethics and misconduct, correction, and retraction
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The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia follows the SciELO Guidelines on Best Practices for Strengthening Ethics in Scientific Publication and the ethical principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) to ensure the integrity and transparency in the manuscript review and publication processes. The journal is committed to publishing errata, retractions, and expressions of concern whenever necessary.
Ethics and misconduct policy:
Handling misconduct:
Retractions and corrections:
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Policy on conflict of interest
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A conflict of interest may be of personal, commercial, political, academic, or financial nature. Conflicts of interest may occur when authors, reviewers, or editors have interests that may influence the preparation or evaluation of manuscripts. When submitting the manuscript, authors are responsible for recognizing and disclosing financial or other conflicts, even potentially, that may have influenced their work. They must inform this in a signed document attached to the submission platform (Cover Letter). For more information see: Disclosure of Financial and Non-Financial Relationships and Activities, and Conflicts of Interest. Editors and reviewers also must disclose any potential biases and recuse themselves from the review or decision-making process if a conflict exists to ensure an unbiased and fair evaluation of manuscripts.
Measures in case of conflict of interest: In instances in which a conflict of interest is identified during the review process, the case is forwarded to the editor-in-chief for investigation and, depending on the level, the evaluation process of the manuscript will be interrupted.
When a conflict of interest is identified post-publication, RBZ will take appropriate measures in line with international scientific journal standards. This may include the publication of a correction, expression of concern, or, in severe cases, retraction of the paper. |
Adoption of similarity software
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Manuscripts received through ScholarOne Manuscripts™ are submitted to a similarity check software (iThenticate) before they are forwarded to editors for evaluation and after they are accepted for publication, due to changes in the text during revision(s) and inclusion of new references to the databases. There is no specific percentage that prevents a manuscript from being reviewed; instead, we assess the results of the similarity check on a case-by-case basis.
Verification policy:
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Gender and sex issues
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The editorial board of RBZ, as well as the authors who publish in the journal, must adhere to the guidelines on Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER). Furthermore, RBZ implements a gender equity policy in the composition of its editorial board. |
Ethics Committee
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Research presented in manuscripts reporting the use of animals must guarantee to have been conducted in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and policies governing the care and use of animals. The manuscript must contain a statement that all procedures were performed in compliance with relevant laws and institutional guidelines and, whenever pertinent, that the appropriate institutional ethics committee(s) has (have) approved them before commencement of the study. Example: “Research on animals was conducted according to the ethics committee on animal use of the (institution name) (case/protocol number)”. |
Copyright
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All contents of the Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, unless otherwise stated, are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY). Authors retain copyright of the articles published by RBZ under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY), allowing unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided proper citation of the original work is given. Authors assign to the journal the right of first publication. |
Intellectual property and terms of use
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Journal’s responsibility The articles published in RBZ are made available on the journal’s website (https://www.rbz.org.br) and at SciELO under the Open Access policy and are freely accessible to readers. All content of the Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, unless otherwise specified, are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Authors’ responsibility Authors hold the copyright of their articles published in RBZ under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY), which enables the reuse and distribution of the articles, provided the original work is properly cited. The ideas and opinions presented in the articles are the sole responsibility of the authors. The journal encourages authors to self-archive their published manuscripts and share them on personal blogs, institutional repositories, and academic social media platforms, as well as posting on personal social media accounts, provided that a complete citation to the journal’s website version is included. |
Sponsors and promotion agencies
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Editor-in-chief
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Scientific editors
gustavo.braga@embrapa.br, Lattes, ORCID
ines.andretta@ufrgs.br, Lattes, ORCID
znlogan@yahoo.com.br, Lattes, ORCID
leandro.godoy@ufrgs.br, Lattes, ORCID
mduarte@uoguelph.ca, Lattes, ORCID
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Associate editors
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Editorial team
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Débora Imaculada Quintão Rodrigues – Technical supervisor Leonardo Francisco Ferreira – Publishing assistant |
Types of articles
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Full-length research article A full-length research paper provides a comprehensive account of experimental work. The manuscript should detail the research process to facilitate a thorough understanding and provide a coherent explanation of all experimental procedures and results. It must include sufficient information to allow for the independent replication of the research.
Short communication This format offers a concise account of the final results of experimental work that warrants publication, yet lacks the volume of information typical of a full-length research article. Results presented in a short communication must not be used again, in part or in whole, for a full-length article submission.
Technical note Technical notes describe evaluations or propositions of methods, procedures, or techniques relevant to the scope of RBZ. Authors should discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method, procedure, or technique and compare it to existing methods. Thorough scientific rigor in the analysis, comparison, and discussion of results is required.
Board-invited reviews These articles provide a state-of-the-art analysis or a critical perspective on topics of interest and relevance to the scientific community. Board-invited reviews can only be submitted following an invitation from the RBZ editorial board. Like other submissions, reviews are subject to the peer-review process.
Editorials Editorials serve to clarify and articulate the guiding principles and technical guidelines for manuscripts submitted to the Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. These pieces are written by the editorial board or by contributors specifically invited by the board. Editorials provide insight into the journal’s editorial philosophy, offer commentary on current trends or issues within the field of Animal Science, and may outline changes or updates in the journal’s submission and evaluation policies. As such, they play a critical role in shaping the direction and standards of the journal. |
Guidelines to prepare the manuscript
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Language Manuscript submitted to RBZ must be in English, either in American or British writing styles. The editorial board reserves the right to require authors to revise the translation or to discontinue the processing of the manuscript if the text contains spelling, punctuation, grammar, terminology, jargon, or semantic errors that may impede understanding or fail to meet the journal’s standards. While AI tools can be employed to assist with language polishing, their use does not negate the need for thorough review by a professional. It is strongly recommended that the translation and language proofreading be conducted by a professional experienced in scientific writing and familiar with Animal Science, preferably a native English speaker so that the manuscript not only meets the high linguistic standards required for publication but also adheres to the specific terminological precision demanded by the scientific community.
Structure of a full-length research article The article is organized into distinct sections, each with numbered headings that are bolded and aligned to the left, presented in the following sequence:
Subsequent sections, including Data availability, Author contributions, Conflict of interest, Acknowledgments, Financial support, and References, should remain unnumbered. The Materials and methods, Results, and Discussion sections may contain subsections as determined by the authors. These subsections should enhance readability and provide clarity, accuracy, and conciseness to the text. In addition to these sections, authors must include a “Declaration of Generative AI in Scientific Writing” if AI tools were used in the preparation of the manuscript. This declaration should follow the “Financial support” section and must clearly outline the nature and extent of AI involvement in the manuscript. |
Manuscript format
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The manuscript should be typed in Cambria font at a size of 12 points, with double spacing throughout the main text. Exceptions are for the Abstract and Tables, which should be set at 1.5 spacing. Margins should be set at 2.5 cm at the top, bottom, and right sides, and 3.5 cm on the left side. All lines must be numbered. The document must be prepared and edited using Microsoft Word® software.
The title should be precise and informative, with no more than 20 words. It should be typed in bold and centered.
Authors and affiliations The name and institutions of authors should be presented in the manuscript and in the submission process on ScholarOne. Consider carefully the list and order of authors and provide the definitive list at the initial submission. Authors must have made substantial contributions in the conception and/or development of the research and/or manuscript writing and necessarily in the revision and approval of the final version. Spurious and “ghost” authorships constitute unethical behavior. Collaborative inputs, hand labor, and other types of work that do not imply intellectual contribution may be mentioned in the Acknowledgments section. Upon submission of a manuscript, it is advised that no alterations to authorship be made. This includes changes to the list of authors, the order of authors, and the designation of the corresponding author. Any potential authorship modifications during the evaluation process, such as additions, deletions, reordering of authors, or changes to the corresponding author, can only be implemented with the unanimous agreement of all authors and the approval of the editor-in-chief. No authorship changes will be considered after manuscript acceptance. Any disputes related to authorship should be resolved by the individuals and their respective institutions before manuscript submission. The journal and its editorial board will not mediate any authorship disputes among contributors. In the manuscript, the authorship (in the correct order) must contain all authors’ full names with no initials and complete information about their affiliation (of when the study was developed). The authorship must be identical to that presented in the Assurance of Contents form and on ScholarOne submission. Double-check the spelling of every author’s name. Mark the corresponding author with an asterisk and inform their current e-mail address. Make sure that all authors are already registered in the ScholarOne system. Manuscript Central™ will help the corresponding author to check whether an author already exists in the journal’s database, just by entering the author’s e-mail address and clicking “Search”. Make sure you have the correct e-mail address of the authors. When an author is already registered, their information will appear. All authors must have their ORCID linked to the ScholarOne system account at the time of manuscript submission. The institutional affiliations must present their hierarchical levels in descending order (example: University, Faculty/College, Department) and their location (city, state/province, country). The names of affiliations should be presented in full and in the original language – or in English when not in Latin writing style. Acronyms and abbreviations of the institutions and their full addresses should not be used.
Author contributions The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia is committed to clarity and transparency in acknowledging the contributions of authors. To this end, we include an Author Contributions section in every manuscript published. We follow the Project CRediT taxonomy of contributor roles, details of which can be found at https://credit.niso.org/. During the manuscript submission process via the ScholarOne system, the corresponding author is required to specify the contributions of each coauthor. It is important to select only the roles that each of them has genuinely fulfilled in the development of the study.
Abstract The abstract should be written in English as a single, justified paragraph. It must contain no more than 1,800 characters, including spaces. The abstract should concisely summarize the objective of the study, materials and methods, main results, and conclusions. It must provide statistical evidence (P-values) to support the results presented. Abbreviations used in the abstract must be defined at their first occurrence there and again in the main body of the manuscript. The text of the abstract should be typed at 1.5 line spacing and positioned at the beginning of the manuscript, with the word “ABSTRACT” in all caps. Extensive abstracts or those with subheadings are not acceptable and will be returned for adequacy to these guidelines. The abstract should not include any introductory text or references.
Keywords At the end of the abstract, list a minimum of three and no more than six keywords (which must not be in the tittle), set off by commas and presented in alphabetical order. They should be elaborated so that the article is quickly found in bibliographical research.
Introduction The introduction should be concise, not exceeding 3,000 characters including spaces. It should provide a brief overview of the context of the research topic, clearly state the hypothesis and objectives of the study, and justify the research. The rationale for the experiments should be well-integrated with current literature to ensure relevance and to demonstrate awareness of recent developments in the field. In the final paragraph of the introduction, explicitly articulate the hypothesis and the specific objectives of the research. This clarity will help in setting a clear direction for the subsequent sections of the manuscript. Avoid discussing or inferring the results and refrain from extensive discussions based on literature that supports specific concepts unrelated to the main objectives. For non-traditional papers such as reviews, a compelling rationale must be provided, and the structure of the introduction may be adjusted accordingly to better fit these types of submissions. |
Material and methods
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Ethical standards Whenever applicable, it is essential to state at the beginning of this section that the work was conducted in accordance with ethical standards and approved by the relevant Ethics and Biosafety Committee. The approval number must be included as follows: “Research on animals was conducted according to the ethics committee on animal use of the (institution name) (case/protocol number).”
Animal description and experimental units Include a detailed description of the animals used in the study, specifying sex, breed, age, and species. Provide evidence of assay validation, or suitable published references, as well as inter/intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV), as needed. Appropriate statistical methods should be used with the experimental unit defined. State the number of biological and experimental replicates. Also, state the threshold for significance (e.g., P<0.05) and definition of tendency, if used. The experimental unit is the smallest unit that receives the application of treatments uniformly. It can be an individual animal (if there are guarantees that the treatment is applied uniformly and correctly to each animal in the study), a pen, a pasture, or a cage (when the treatment is applied to a group of animals under specific conditions). Please note that the application of nutritional treatments to group-fed animals (within a pen, pasture, box, or cage) often does not guarantee that each individual receives the proposed amount/dose of treatment, which implies that the group should then be considered as the experimental unit. For considerations on the design and analysis of pen studies in animal sciences, please consult St-Pierre (2007).
Statistical and quantitative reporting All quantitative values presented in the text, graphs, and tables must be reported with three significant digits (e.g., 752, 89.4, 3.59, 0.408, 0.0444, 0.00239). P-values must be presented with two or three significant digits (e.g., P = 0.72, P = 0.034, P<0.001) and should not be rounded off. For instance, if statistical software shows P = 0.1294 and you are presenting it with two digits, it should be reported as P = 0.12.
Description of procedures Each biological, analytical, and statistical procedure must be clearly described. Modifications to these procedures should be explained in detail. The statistical model must be presented as a separate sentence and is mandatory for designed experiments, observational studies, or survey studies. Describe all terms, assumptions, and fitting procedures to enable correct identification of the experimental unit and how the model was fitted:
yij = μ + αi + bj + eij, (1) in which yij is the response variable measured in the j-th block that received the i-th treatment, μ is the general constant, αi is the fixed effect of the i-th treatment, bj is the random effect of the j-th block, and eij is the random error term. We recommend the use of Greek lowercase letters for fixed effects and Latin lowercase letters for variables and random effects for notation standardization. Mathematical formulas and equations must be inserted into the text as an object using Microsoft Equation or a similar tool and must be numbered.
Commercial products When a commercial product is used as part of an experiment, authors should clearly specify the manufacturer’s name and location (city, state or administrative region, and country) parenthetically at first mention in the text, tables, and figures. However, the use of names of commercial products should be minimized. The generic name should be used subsequently.
Suggestions for enhancing scientific rigor, reproducibility, and transparency To assist with maintaining high standards, authors are encouraged to refer to various resources for enhancing scientific rigor, reproducibility, and transparency, aligning with broader scientific standards. These include guidelines for forage and grazing terminology, Western blotting, cell line authentication, functional genomics data, biological resource identification, image manipulation, immunoassays, biological and biomedical investigations, proteomics data, genetic nomenclature, and nucleotide and protein sequence data.
Results Authors are required to divide the manuscript into distinct sections for Results and Discussion, unless the study is sequential in nature, such as in model development or equation formulation, in which a combined section may be necessary for coherence and flow. In the Results section, it is essential to present comprehensive data, including means and a measure of uncertainty (e.g., standard error, confidence interval). Absolute P-values must be included to denote statistical significance. This detailed presentation enables readers to independently interpret the outcomes of the experiment and form their own conclusions. Please consult the additional RBZ guidelines regarding style and units to ensure the data is accurately represented in tables and figures. This will aid in the clear and effective communication of research findings.
Discussion In the Discussion section, authors must clearly and succinctly interpret the results, emphasizing the biological mechanisms involved and their significance. It is crucial to integrate these findings with existing literature to provide readers with a comprehensive framework to either support or challenge the hypothesis presented. Discussions should focus tightly on the relationship between the results and the primary questions of the study. Irrelevant references and tangential discussions that do not directly support the central hypothesis should be omitted. While speculative ideas and propositions regarding the hypothesis under consideration are generally discouraged, a reasoned interpretation consistent with the data may be presented if it enhances understanding of the results. Furthermore, authors should end the Discussion section with a paragraph detailing the practical implications of their findings on production systems to highlight how the research can be applied in real-world settings, thereby adding value to the field and informing future practices.
Conclusions In the Conclusions section, it is crucial to underscore the novel aspects of the research and emphasize the strongest and most significant inferences derived from your findings. This section should articulate the broader implications of your results, ensuring they are presented in the present tense and align directly with the objectives of the study. While generally, results should not be detailed in the Conclusions, exceptions can be made when they are essential for supporting generalizations made from the study. This approach ensures that conclusions are not only based on the data collected but also provide a clear understanding of their relevance and impact.
Data availability All manuscripts resulting from original research must include the “Data availability” section, in which authors will state one of the following situations in which the manuscript fits: - Inform if data sharing does not apply to the manuscript, once all data is already in the manuscript. - Inform whether there are data available in a repository and, if so, inform the location of these data. - For data unavailable in public repositories, state that they will be made available upon request or explain why these data are not publicly available (as in cases of legal and ethical issues). Examples:
Acknowledgments In this section, authors can thank any support (other than financial) they had for the development of the research. This section is optional and must be included in the body of the manuscript.
Financial support When applicable, provide sources of financial support for the study, including names of sponsors, contract/project number (if any), along with explanations of the role of these sources.
Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing This section addresses the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the manuscript preparation process, specifically focusing on the writing component, rather than the use of AI tools for analyzing data or deriving insights as part of the research. The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia does not endorse the use of generative AI tools for content creation within scientific manuscripts. However, the journal recognizes the utility of AI-assisted technologies for enhancing language, improving textual fluency, and organizing content, provided they are used as supplementary tools under strict human supervision. It is critical to confirm that such interventions do not introduce inaccuracies, incomplete thoughts, or biases, which AI outputs can sometimes inadvertently produce. It is categorically stated that AI and AI-assisted technologies are not to be recognized as authors, co-authors, or contributors in any capacity. Authorship and contributions are responsibilities that solely belong to human participants, as they entail accountability that cannot be attributed to AI tools. The journal will actively monitor for compliance with this policy in the authorship listings. Disclosure of any AI assistance in language editing or content organization must be explicitly made in the cover letter to the editors and must also be included in the “Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing” section of the manuscript, following the Financial support section, which will be noted in the published article. Authors must provide a clear statement in their manuscript if any AI tools were utilized in the writing process. The ultimate responsibility for the content of the manuscript rest with the authors. |
Citations and references
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RBZ adopts the APA references system, with adaptations. References and citations should follow the Name and Year System (author-date).
Citations in the text Author’s citations in the text are in lowercase, followed by year of publication. In the case of two authors, use ‘and’; in the case of three or more authors, cite only the last name of the first author, followed by the abbreviation et al. Examples: Single author: Silva (2009) or (Silva, 2009) Two authors: Silva and Queiroz (2002) or (Silva and Queiroz, 2002) Three or more authors: Lima et al. (2001) or (Lima et al., 2001) The references should be arranged chronologically and then alphabetically within the same year, using a semicolon (;) to separate multiple citations within parentheses, e.g.: (Carvalho, 1985; Britto, 1998; Carvalho et al., 2001). Two or more publications by the same author or group of authors in the same year shall be differentiated by adding lowercase letters after the date, e.g.: (Silva, 2004a,b). Personal communication can only be used if strictly necessary for the development or understanding of the study. Therefore, it is not part of the reference list, so it is placed only as a footnote. It will include the author’s last name and first and middle name initials, followed by the phrase “personal communication”, the date of notification, and name, state, and country of the institution to which the author is bound.
References References should be written in alphabetical order of last name of author(s), and then chronologically. All authors’ names must appear in the References section. Each author is indicated by their last name followed by initials. Initials should be followed by period (.) and a space; the authors should be separated by semicolons, except for the last author that is preceded by the word ‘and’. e.g.: Casaccia, J. L.; Pires, C. C. and Restle, J. Last names with indications of relatedness (Filho, Jr., Neto, Sobrinho, etc.) should be spelled out after the last name (e.g.: Silva Sobrinho, J.). As in text citations, multiple citations of same author or group of authors in the same year shall be differentiated by adding lowercase letters after the year. In the case of homonyms of cities, add the name of the state and country (e.g.: Gainesville, FL, EUA; Gainesville, VA, EUA).
Sample references are given below. Articles The journal name should be written in full. Articles should be cited along with their DOI. In order to standardize this type of reference, it is not necessary to quote the website, only volume, page range, year, and DOI. Do not use a comma (,) to separate journal title from its volume; separate periodical volume from page numbers with a colon (:). Miotto, F. R. C.; Restle, J.; Neiva, J. N. M.; Castro, K. J.; Sousa, L. F.; Silva, R. O.; Freitas, B. B. and Leão, J. P. 2013. Replacement of corn by babassu mesocarp bran in diets for feedlot young bulls. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 42:213-219. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982013000300009
Article with document number in place of pagination Marçal, D. A.; Kiefer, C.; Nascimento, K M. R. S.; Bonin, M. N.; Corassa, A.; Alencar, S. A. S.; Santos, A. P. and Rodrigues, G. P. R. 2018. Dietary net energy plans for barrows from 25 to 100 kg body weight. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 47:e20180038. https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720180038
Articles accepted for publication should be cited along with their DOI Fukushima, R. S. and Kerley, M. S. 2011. Use of lignin extracted from different plant sources as standards in the spectrophotometric acetyl bromide lignin method. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemitry, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf104826n (in press).
Books If the entity is regarded as the author, the abbreviation should be written first, accompanied by the corporate body name written in full. In the text, the author must cite the method utilized, followed by only the abbreviation of the institution and year of publication. e.g.: “...were used to determine the mineral content of the samples (method number 924.05; AOAC, 1990)”. AOAC - Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1990. Official methods of analysis. 15th ed. AOAC International, Arlington, VA. Newmann, A. L. and Snapp, R. R. 1997. Beef cattle. 7th ed. John Wiley, New York.
Book chapters The essential elements are: author(s), year, title, and subtitle (if any), followed by the expression “In”, and the full reference as a whole. Inform the page range after citing the title of the chapter. Lindhal, I. L. 1974. Nutrición y alimentación de las cabras. p.425-434. In: Fisiologia digestiva y nutrición de los ruminantes. 3rd ed. Church, D. C., ed. Acribia, Zaragoza.
Theses and dissertations It is recommended not to mention theses and dissertations as reference, but always to look for articles published in peer-reviewed indexed journals. Exceptionally, if necessary to cite a thesis or dissertation, please indicate the following elements: author, year, title, grade, university and location. Castro, F. B. 1989. Avaliação do processo de digestão do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar auto-hidrolisado em bovinos. Dissertação (M.Sc.). Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba.
Bulletins and reports The essential elements are: Author(s), year of publication, title, and name of bulletin or report followed by the issue number, then the publisher and the city. Goering, H. K. and Van Soest, P. J. 1970. Forage fiber analysis (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agriculture Handbook No. 379. ARS-USDA, Washington, D.C., USA.
Conferences, meetings, seminars, etc. Quote a minimal work published as an abstract, always seeking to reference articles published in journals indexed in full. Casaccia, J. L.; Pires, C. C. and Restle, J. 1993. Confinamento de bovinos inteiros ou castrados de diferentes grupos genéticos. p.468. In: Anais da 30ª Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, Rio de Janeiro. Weiss, W. P. 1999. Energy prediction equations for ruminant feeds. p.176-185. In: Proceedings of the 61th Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers. Cornell University, Ithaca.
Article and/or materials in electronic media In the citation of bibliographic material obtained by the Internet, the author should always try to use signed articles, and also it is up to the author to decide which sources actually have credibility and reliability. In the case of research consulted online, inform the address, which should be presented between the signs < >, preceded by the words “Available at:” and the date of access to the document, preceded by the words “Accessed on:”. Rebollar, P. G. and Blas, C. 2002. Digestión de la soja integral en rumiantes. Available at: <http://www.ussoymeal.org/ruminant_s.pdf>. Accessed on: Oct. 28, 2002.
Quotes on statistical software The RBZ does not recommend bibliographic citation of software applied to statistical analysis. The use of programs must be informed in the text in the proper section, "Material and methods", including the specific procedure, the name of the software, and its version and/or release year. Example: “... statistical procedures were performed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (Statistical Analysis System, version 9.2.)” An exception is for software R packages, example: R Core Team. 2013. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Preprint documents The essential elements are: Author(s), year, title, and name of Preprint server followed by the manuscript number (if any) and DOI. Ahmed, B. A.; Laurence, P.; Pierre, G. and Olivier, M. 2019. Lactation curve model with explicit representation of perturbations as a phenotyping tool for dairy livestock precision farming. bioRxiv 661249. https://doi.org/10.1101/661249
Research data References to data should include: Author(s), year, dataset title [dataset], version (if any) and date, repository name, identifier number (if any), and DOI. Andrade, M. 2018. Estudo de genes em ratos albinos na América Latina [dataset]. 23 jan. 2018. Open Science Framework. NR_109833.1. https://doi.org/10.1590/0123-45620187214 |
Digital assets - Tables and figures
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Tables
Figures
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Additional guidelines for style, abbreviations, and units
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The use of defined abbreviations and acronyms by the authors, especially for treatments, should be avoided. Example: “The dry matter intake in T3 was higher than in T4”. This type of writing is appropriate for the author, but of complex understanding for the readers and characterizes a verbose and imprecise writing. When necessary, the abbreviation should be defined the first time it is used in the abstract and again in the body of the manuscript. There is no need to define symbols for chemical elements or simple compounds. Units of weights and measures should conform to international standards; therefore, it is incorrect to create new abbreviations for them. Units of measure are not abbreviated when they follow a number in full at the beginning of a sentence. Wrong: Two L of water were added to the contents for analysis (...) Suggestion: Two liters of water were added (...)
Abbreviations in the titles of tables and figures should be avoided. Example: “Average contents of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), organic matter (OM), total carbohydrates (TC), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) of the ingredients of the experimental diets.” Suggestion: “Chemical composition of the experimental diets” Do not start a sentence with an abbreviation, acronym, or symbol. Wrong: “TC is a parameter that influences the final quality of the silage.” Suggestion: Total carbohydrate composition influences the final quality of the silage. The use of abbreviations and acronyms in the abstract and in the manuscript should be limited. Too many abbreviations in the text makes it aesthetically cluttered and impairs the comprehension. All abbreviations are written as singular, without “s”, although they can be plural in the context (VFA instead of VFAs for volatile fatty acid”). Standard three-letter abbreviations for aminoacids (e.g., Ala) and internationally recognized symbols for chemical elements (e.g., P for phosphorus, S for sulfur) are acceptable. Symbols are reserved for their elemental meanings (e.g., C is for carbon, not control). Be cautious when using the symbol N, which can mean “nitrogen” or “Newton”. List of frequently used abbreviations.
The Editorial Board recommends authors to follow the International System of Units – SI.
Structure of short communication and technical note articles The presentation of the title should be preceded by the indication of the type of manuscript whether it is a short communication or a technical note, which must be centered and bold. The structures of short communications and technical notes will follow guidelines set up for full-length papers, limited, however, to 14 pages as the maximum tolerated for the manuscript. The publication fees of these two types of articles are the same as those of full-length papers. |
Supplementary documents
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Along with the manuscript files, authors must submit:
1) Cover letter The corresponding author must compose a cover letter that outlines compelling reasons for the editor to consider publishing the submitted manuscript. The letter should address the following elements:
The letter must be signed by the corresponding author, scanned, and uploaded to ScholarOne submission system in Step 6.
2) Assurance of Contents form Upon submitting a manuscript, authors must guarantee that their work is original and that neither the whole nor any part of their manuscript, regardless of language, is currently under consideration or has been published in any other scientific journal. Manuscripts that have been previously published or are under review elsewhere will not be accepted. The Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia also does not accept the duplication or translation of articles that have already been published in other journals or as book chapters. Studies that are fractioned or subdivided should be submitted concurrently (as companion papers) as they will be evaluated by the same reviewers. Authors are also required to certify that any use of other works or words has been properly cited or quoted to avoid plagiarism, which is considered unethical publishing behavior. They bear sole responsibility for the content of articles published by the Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. After submission through the Manuscript Central™ (ScholarOne™ Manuscripts) online system, the corresponding author must send the Assurance of Contents form. This step confirms the participation and agreement of all listed co-authors concerning the submission and integrity of the manuscript. The original text of this form must NOT be altered. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to ensure the form is accurately filled out, signed all its pages (by hand or with digital traceable signature), and emailed it to RBZ’s office at secretariarbz@sbz.org.br.
3) Open Science Compliance form The corresponding author is required to fill out the Open Science Compliance form and submit it as a “supplemental file for review” alongside the manuscript on the ScholarOne system. This essential document allows the corresponding author to confirm their commitment to Open Science by detailing specific aspects of the manuscript. Authors must inform if the manuscript has been shared on a preprint server and, if so, include the location of such a server; inform if data, software codes, and other cited materials are correctly acknowledged and referenced; and indicate acceptance of opening options in the peer review process. This form must be uploaded to ScholarOne submission system in Step 2. |
Manuscript submission
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The Manuscript Central™ (ScholarOne Manuscripts™) online system The editorial office of Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia uses an online system, the ScholarOne Manuscripts™, to manage the submission and peer review the manuscripts. Manuscripts are submitted online by accessing the journal page (https://www.rbz.org.br), the portal of the Scientific Electronic Library, SciELO (https://www.scielo.br/j/rbz/), or directly on ScholarOne Manuscripts™ (http://mc04.manuscriptcentral.com/rbz-scielo). On the ScholarOne system, the corresponding author will find instructions in each step of the submission process. |
Contact
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Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia/Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia Phone: (+55) 31 3612-4602 |
