Food consumption and its association with nutritional status, physical activity and sociodemographic factors of bariatric surgery candidates.

Vieira, Renata Adrielle Lima; Rabelo Filho, Lucio Vilar; Burgos, Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araújo

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Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões

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Original Article • Rev. Col. Bras. Cir. 46 (6) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20192382 copy

Food consumption and its association with nutritional status, physical activity and sociodemographic factors of bariatric surgery candidates.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to evaluate the association of food consumption with nutritional status, physical activity and sociodemographic factors in the bariatric surgery period preoperative.

Methods:

we conducted a cross-sectional study from 2018 to 2019, with patients admitted for bariatric surgery at the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco. We collected data sociodemographic and nutritional data such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, highest weight and pre-surgical weight. We evaluated food consumption with the food frequency questionnaire based on the food pyramid adapted for bariatric patients and physical activity.

Results:

the study involved 60 patients, 78.3% were female, mean age was 38.8±9.6 years, 53.3% were married, and 70% had more than 12 years of education. As for physical activity, 31.7% were sedentary. Regarding nutritional status, the mean BMI was 47.3±6.96kg/m². Preoperative weight, highest weight reached before surgery and waist circumference were higher in males (p<0.05). There was an association between physical activity and food intake, and sedentary individuals consumed more carbohydrates (p=0.041). On the other hand, sociodemographic data and nutritional status were not associated with food consumption.

Conclusion:

the level of physical activity showed significant association only with carbohydrate consumption.

Keywords:
Bariatric Surgery; Obesity; Food Consumption; Nutritional Status; Preoperative Period.

Feature	n	%
Gender
Male	13	21.7
Female	47	78.3
Marital status
Married	32	53.3
Single	23	22.0
Separated or divorced	5th	6.0
Location
Recife/RMR ^* * RMR= Recife metropolitan region.	23	38.3
State Interior	35	58.3
Other states	2	3.4
Schooling
<4 years of study	4	6.7
4-8 years of study	7th	11.7
9-11 years of study	7th	11.7
≥12 years of study	42	70.0

Variables	Women n=47	Men n=13	Total n=60	p-value
Variables	Mean±SD^* * SD: standard deviation;	Mean±SD^* * SD: standard deviation;	Mean±SD^* * SD: standard deviation;
Weight before surgery (kg)	114.98±15.36	148.40±26.03	122.22±22.69	0.001
Highest weight (Kg)	125.48±17.16	159.76±21.72	132.91±22.98	0.000
BMI^ BMI: body mass index; (kg/m²)	46.64±6.57	49.79±8.04	47.3±6.96	0.150
WC^* ***** WC: waist circumference. (cm)	122.11±12.69	135.31±14.30	124.97±14.04	0.002

	Food groups
Variables	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Variables	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u-test; )	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u-test; )	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u-test; )	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u-test; )
Gender
Male	0.64 (0.28-0.64)	0.69 (0.35-1.00)	0.89 (0.35-1.01)	0.68 (0.27-1.16)
Female	0.57 (0.44-0.80)	0.75 (0.50-1.00)	0.76 (0.48-1.00)	0.37 (0.09-0.80)
p-value	0.872	0.547	0.971	0.114
Marital status
Married	0.53 (0.42-0.88)	0.73 (0.47-1.00)	0.76 (0.45-1.00)	0.41 (0.21-0.80)
Single	0.63 (0.48-0.83)	0.74 (0.57-0.97)	0.85 (0.41-1.00)	0.40 (0.09-0.87)
Separated/Divorced	0.51 (0.33-0.60)	0.71 (0.29-1.02)	0.89 (0.49-1.25)	0.24 (0.31-1.04)
p-value ^ Kruskal-Wallis test. Post-test: Mann-Whitney u;	0.293	0.915	0.633	0.854
Location
Recife/RMR^* ***** RMR: Recife metropolitan region.	0.63 (0.42-0.80)	0.80 (0.42-1.10)	0.78 (0.44-1.00)	0.42 (0.22-0.95)
State interior	0.57 (0.44-0.83)	0.71 (0.46-1.00)	0.76 (0.51-1.00)	0.40 (0.08-0.80)
p-value	0.793	0.372	0.911	0.171
Schooling
<4 years of study	0.46 (0.35-0.54)	0.55 (0.28-0.91)	0.57 (0.34-0.81)	0.49 (0.17-0.78)
4-8 years of study	0.70 (0.62-0.98)	0.85 (0.71-1.00)	0.75 (0.53-1.25)	0.40 (0.09-1.00)
9-11 years of study	0.90 (0.56-1.20)	1.00 (0.50-1.00)	1.00 (0.44-1.00)	0.68 (0.60-1.15)
≥12 years of study	0.54 (0.42-0.72)	0.71 (0.45-1.00)	0.77 (0.37-1.00)	0.38 (0.09-0.86)
p-value ^ Kruskal-Wallis test. Post-test: Mann-Whitney u;	0.096	0.527	0.540	0.355

	Food group
Variables	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4
Variables	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u; )	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u; )	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u; )	Median (IQR^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u; )
Weight before surgery
<120kg	0.61 (0.44-0.80)	0.71 (0.42-1.00)	0.80 (0.51-1.05)	0.33 (0.09-0.79)
≥120Kg	0.57 (0.41-0.86)	0.75 (0.53-1.00)	0.76 (0.41-1.00)	0.38 (0.17-0.75)
p-value	0.819	0.610	0.051	0.700
Highest weight before surgery
<130kg	0.58 (0.45-0.78)	0.71 (0.38-1.00)	0.85 (0.58-1.25)	0.33 (0.13-0.75)
≥130Kg	0.57 (0.42-0.83)	0.75 (0.57-1.00)	0.75 (0.32-1.00)	0.35 (0.13-0.83)
p-value	0.790	0.705	0.382	0.564
WC ^ WC: waist circumference;
<120cm	0.54 (0.44-0.72)	0.75 (0.33-1.00)	0.75 (0.42-1.00)	0.35 (0.18-0.69)
≥120cm	0.62 (0.43-0.90)	0.73 (0.53-1.00)	0.82 (0.46-1.00)	0.33 (0.11-0.83)
p-value	0.346	0.737	0.664	0.802
BMI ^* ***** BMI: body mass index;
35-39.9kg/m²	0.62 (0.52-0.95)	0.75 (0.43-1.37)	0.85 (0.75-1.12)	0.33 (0.08-0.67)
40-49.9kg/m²	0.58 (0.46-0.90)	0.74 (0.46-1.02)	0.77 (0.41-1.03)	0.44 (0.12-0.85)
50-59.9kg/m²	0.49 (0.34-0.66)	0.71 (0.41-1.00)	0.71 (0.41-1.00)	0.29 (0.11-0.64)
p-value ^* * IQR: interquartile range. Mann-Whitney u;	0.107	0.779	0.369	0.455
Physical activity
Sedentary	0.57 (0.32-1.10)	0.75 (0.25-1.00)	0.89 (0.75-1.25)a	0.54 (0.20-1.15)
Irregularly active	0.54 (0.44-0.70)	0.69 (0.48-1.05)	0.71 (0.44-0.98)b	0.34 (0.10-0.42)
Active	0.56 (0.45-0.83)	0.80 (0.59-0.98)	0.75 (0.31-1.00)b	0.45 (0.08-0.82)
p-value^# # Kruskal-Wallis test. A posteriori:Mann-Whitney u-test.	0.912	0.924	0.041	0.205

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[1] Mailing address: Renata Adrielle Lima Vieira E-mail: renata_adrielle@yahoo.com.br / gburgos@hotlink.com.br