Brazilian companies with a Big 4 auditor have better accounting quality than those with a local auditor, when accounting quality is measured either by compliance with GAAP or by conservatism. However, the cross-sectional pattern of discretionary accruals-often used to measure accounting quality in other countries-is unrelated to quality in Brazil. In fact, companies with Big 4 auditors tend to recognize income more aggressively than companies with a local auditor. This is the opposite of what happens in other countries and it is consistent with local auditors interpreting the tax code (rather than GAAP) more aggressively than Big 4 auditors, due to the strong linkage that exists between the Brazilian tax code and financial reporting standards.
Accounting Quality; Auditor Choice; Discretionary Accruals; REFIS; Tax-To-GAAP Conformity
