Factors associated to the dependence of older adults with diabetes mellitus type 2

Fonseca, Adélia Dayane Guimarães; Silva, Carla Silvana de Oliveira e; Barbosa, Dulce Aparecida; Alves, Elaine Cristina Santos; Pinho, Lucinéia de; Brito, Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo; Gamba, Mônica Antar

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0285

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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Sumário

RESEARCH • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 71 (suppl 2) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0285 copy

Factors associated to the dependence of older adults with diabetes mellitus type 2

Factores asociados a la dependencia entre ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to identify factors associated to the dependence of older adults with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Method:

analytical and epidemiological study with 99 older adults. The Brazilian Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire and a questionnaire composed by socio-demographic and clinical variables were used. The independent variables were described and compared to the level of dependence obtained by the chi-square test or the Fisher test, the strength of association was estimated by Odds Ratio and multiple regression.

Results:

the level of dependence prevailed in 79.8% of the sample. Higher chances of dependence were associated to: cutting toenails; performing household chores; presenting geriatric problems; urinary incontinence; time of diagnosis of diabetes; falls in the past year; and physical inactivity.

Conclusion:

considering the positive association of diabetes mellitus to the increased chance of dependence among older adults, there is need for direction and adoption of effective measures to ensure the functionality and quality of life of older adults with diabetes mellitus in a fair and democratic way.

Descriptors:
Geriatric Nursing; Older Adult; Older Adult’s Health; Diabetes Mellitus; Risk Factors

Level of dependence
Variable	Category	No dependence n=20	Dependence (Mild, Moderate, Severe) n=79	Gross OR [95% CI]	p value
Sociodemographic
Sex	Male	8	19	1.00
	Female	12	60	2.10 [0.75 - 5.91]	0.153
Age (years)	50 - 69	16	44	1.00
	≥ 70	4	35	3.18 [0.98 - 10.38]	0.072
Clinic
Feels pain	No	5	10	1.00
	Yes	15	69	2.30 [0.69 - 7.71]	0.169
Hospitalization in the past year	No	18	55	1.00
	Yes	2	24	3.93 [0.84 - 18.27]	0.088
Falls in the past year	No	19	58	1.00
	Yes	1	21	6.88 [0.87 - 54.62]	0.039
Geriatric problems	No	13	27	1.00
	Yes	7	52	3.58 [1.28 - 10.02]	0.012
Postural instability	No	17	52	1.00
	Yes	3	27	2.94 [0.79 - 10.93]	0.111
Urinary incontinence	No	19	52	1.00
	Yes	1	27	9.87 [1.25 - 77.71]	0.011
Memory	Good/Excellent	15	40	1.00
	Regular/Bad	5	38	2.85 [0.94 - 8.61]	0.077
Health perception	Good/Great	18	56	1.00
	Bad/terrible	2	23	3.70 [0.79 - 17.23]	0.091
Diagnosis of diabetes
Time of diagnosis	≤ 11 years	13	31	1.00
	≥ 12 years	7	46	2.76 [0.98 - 7.69]	0.048
Global function
Difficulty of cutting toenails	No	16	39	1.00
	Yes	4	40	4.10 [1.26 - 13.37]	0.022
Performing household chores	No	19	49	1.00
	Yes	1	30	11.63 [1.48 - 91.41]	0.003
Travel	No	18	52	1.00
	Yes	2	27	4.67 [1.00 - 21.65]	0.052
Practice of physical activity	No	19	54	1.00
	Yes	1	25	8.79 [1.11 - 69.43]	0.020

Variables	Dependence
Variables	OR_gross(95%CI)	OR_adjusted (95%CI)
Model 1^* * Chi-square test of the model=10.84 (two-degree-of-freedom) (p=0.004);
Geriatric problems
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	3.58 [1.28 - 10.02]	3.02 [1.05 - 8.69]
Difficulty to cut toenails
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	4.10 [1.26 - 13.37]	3.47 [1.04 - 11.59]
Model 2^ Model adjusted by sex and activity of cutting toenails. Chi-square test of the model=26.14 (five-degree-of-freedom) (p<0.0001);
Difficulty in home cleaning
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	11.63 [1.48 - 91.41]	10.05 [1.15 - 88.26]
Urinary incontinence
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	9.87 [1.25 - 77.71]	9.98 [1.15 - 86.42]
Uses clean socks
Yes	1.00	1.00
No	5.55 [1.11-37.44]	5.61 [1.11-28.32]
Model 3^* ***** Model adjusted by sex time of diagnosis of diabetes. Chi-square test of the model=21.05 (five-degree-of-freedom) (p=0.001).
Age (years)
50 - 69	1.00	1.00
≥ 70	3.18 [0.98 - 10.38]	4.94 [1.30 - 18.74]
Geriatric problems
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	3.58 [1.28 - 10.02]	3.53 [1.10 - 11.31]
Diabetes hinders daily activity
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	4.67 [1.00 - 21.65]	5.25 [1.03 - 26.78]

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Carla Silvana de Oliveira e Silva. E-mail: profcarlasosilva@gmail.com