Fernandes, Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias; Soares, Camila de Souza; Tinôco, Jéssica Dantas de Sá; Delgado, Millena Freire; Paiva, Maria das Graças Mariano Nunes de; Lopes, Marcos Venícios de Oliveira; Lira, Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2015-0138

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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RESEARCH • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 70 (1) • Jan-Feb 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2015-0138 copiar

El exceso de volumen de líquido: el análisis sociodemográfico y clínico en pacientes en hemodiálisis

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

analizar las características definitorias y los factores relacionados con el diagnóstico enfermero de exceso de volumen líquido y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas en pacientes de hemodiálisis.

Método:

estudio transversal, realizado mediante un formulario y examen físico, con una muestra de 100 pacientes, entre diciembre de 2012 y abril de 2013 en un hospital universitario y una clínica de diálisis.

Resultados:

se encontraron 10 asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las características definitorias, factores relacionados de volumen de exceso de líquido y las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas.

Conclusión:

las características definitorias y los factores relacionados de exceso de volumen líquido podrían estar influenciados por variables sociodemográficas y clínicas en clientes de hemodiálisis.

Descriptores:
Diagnóstico de Enfermería; Diálisis Renal; Líquidos Corporales; Signos y Síntomas; Enfermería

Defining characteristics	Sex	Age	Marital status	Years of study	Family income	Diabetes	Hypertension	Chronic kidney disease months	Months of treatment
Restlessness	^a a Chi-square test; 0.652	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.649	^a a Chi-square test; 0.039^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.385	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.469	^a a Chi-square test; 0.853	^a a Chi-square test; 0.725	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.829	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.402
Anasarca	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.717	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.255	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.072	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.413	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.430	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.374	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.694	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.468	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.401
Anxiety	^a a Chi-square test; 0.117	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.101	^a a Chi-square test; 0.412	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.880	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.174	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.372	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.368	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.326
Azotemia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Pulmonary congestion	^a a Chi-square test; 0.948	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.627	^a a Chi-square test; 0.004^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.117	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.269	^a a Chi-square test; 0.598	^a a Chi-square test; 0.860	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.983	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.520
Pleural effusion	^a a Chi-square test; 0.501	-	^a a Chi-square test; 0.412	-	-	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.291	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.766	-	-
Dyspnea	^a a Chi-square test; 0.644	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.417	^a a Chi-square test; 0.294	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.087	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.486	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.775	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.801	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.446	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.612
Jugular vein distension	^a a Chi-square test; 0.255	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.972	^a a Chi-square test; 0.268	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.299	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.086	^a a Chi-square test; 0.047^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^a a Chi-square test; 0.048^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.243	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.342
Edema	^a a Chi-square test; 0.653	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.683	^a a Chi-square test; 0.346	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.324	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.281	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.754	^a a Chi-square test; 0.344	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.185	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.535
Electrolyte imbalance	^a a Chi-square test; 0.445	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.664	^a a Chi-square test; 0.602	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.475	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.897	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.694	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.694	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.770
Weight gain over short period of time	^a a Chi-square test; 0.456	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.039^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^a a Chi-square test; 0.097	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.645	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.895	^a a Chi-square test; 0.613	^a a Chi-square test; 0.860	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.372	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.604
Decreased haematocrit	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.619	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.090	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.806	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.398	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.653	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.087
Decreased haemoglobin	^a a Chi-square test; 0.000^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.527	^a a Chi-square test; 0.527	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.271	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.162	^a a Chi-square test; 0.617	^a a Chi-square test; 0.961	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.225	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.390
Intake exceeds output	^a a Chi-square test; 0.882	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.567	^a a Chi-square test; 0.471	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.364	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.259	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^a a Chi-square test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.052	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.001^* * Variables that showed significant association;
Change in mental status	^a a Chi-square test; 0.951	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.538	^a a Chi-square test; 0.669	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.614	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.537	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.516	^a a Chi-square test; 0.697	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.328	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.243
Blood pressure changes	^a a Chi-square test; 0.047^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.223	^a a Chi-square test; 0.796	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.421	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.431	^a a Chi-square test; 0.337	^a a Chi-square test; 0.861	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.557	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.250
Changes in respiratory pattern	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.619	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.939	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.632	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.123	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.032^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.576	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 0.313	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.885	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.513
Oliguria	^a a Chi-square test; 0.353	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.405	^a a Chi-square test; 0.970	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.841	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.541	^a a Chi-square test; 0.298	^a a Chi-square test; 0.390	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.035^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.000^* * Variables that showed significant association;
Orthopnea	^a a Chi-square test; 0.541	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.261	^a a Chi-square test; 0.692	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.107	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.395	^a a Chi-square test; 0.867	^a a Chi-square test; 0.341	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.783	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.401
Increased central venous pressure	^a a Chi-square test; 0.564	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.123	^a a Chi-square test; 0.469	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.138	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.411	^a a Chi-square test; 0.585	^a a Chi-square test; 0.359	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.912	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.338
Positive hepatojugular reflex	^a a Chi-square test; 0.664	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.645	^a a Chi-square test; 0.929	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.684	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.645	^a a Chi-square test; 0.894	^a a Chi-square test; 0.220	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.434	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.819
Adventitious breath sounds	^a a Chi-square test; 0.935	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.437	^a a Chi-square test; 0.011^* * Variables that showed significant association;	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.221	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.380	^a a Chi-square test; 0.466	^a a Chi-square test; 0.656	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.830	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.659
S3 heart sound	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.138	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.481	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.912	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.204	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.253

Related factors	Sex	Age	Marital status	Years of study	Family income	Diabetes	Hypertension	Chronic kidney disease months	Months of treatment
Excess fluid intake	^a a Chi-square test; 0.882	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.567	^a a Chi-square test; 0.471	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.364	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.259	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^b b Fisher’s exact test; 1.000	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.052	^c c Mann-Whitney test. – Variables frequently 100%. 0.001^* * Variables that showed significant association;
Excess sodium intake	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Compromised regulatory mechanism	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Jéssica Dantas de Sá Tinôco. Email: jessica.dantas.sa@hotmail.com