Aspidosperma comprises 55 species, 41 of them occurring in Brazil, with the greatest richness in the Midwest region, with 28 species. This study aimed to contribute with knowledge upon species diversity of Aspidosperma in Mato Grosso do Sul. The study was based on the analysis of samples collected in 22 field expeditions, herbaria visits and online consultations. In the state, the genus is represented by 14 species. Aspidosperma quirandy and A. verbascifolium were collected and described for the first time in Mato Grosso do Sul. We present identification key of the species, description, general distribution and ecology, flowering/fructification, conservation status, and taxonomic comments.
Key words:
biodiversity; flora; systematics
