Influence of galantamine in the inflammatory process and tissular lesions caused by Trypanosoma cruzi QM2 strain

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Trypanosoma cruzi infection triggers an inflammatory process with exacerbated production of cytokines that stimulate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals, including the efferent anti-inflammatory signal known as the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway. Thus, the use of anticholinesterase drugs, such as galantamine, could minimize the inflammatory process caused by this disease.

METHODS

For the study at 30, 60, and 90 days, 120 Swiss mice were divided into three groups. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups: uninfected/untreated (CTRL), uninfected/treated (GAL), infected/untreated (INF), and infected/treated (GAL/INF). The infected groups were inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.1 ml of mouse blood containing 5 × 10⁴ trypomastigote forms of the T. cruzi QM2 strain. The galantamine-treated groups received 5 mg/kg of galantamine orally, through pipetting. From each subgroup, the parameters of parasitemia, histopathological analysis, butyrylcholinesterase activity (BuChE), and functional study of the colon were evaluated.

RESULTS:

BuChE performance was observed when AChE was suppressed, with increased activity in the GAL/INF group similar to the INF group on the 30^th day post infection, thus corroborating the absence of a significant difference in parasitic curves and histopathological analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:

The presence of an inflammatory process and nests of amastigotes, as well as evidence of reactivity to ACh and NOR, suggest that galantamine did not interfere with the colonic inflammatory response or even in colonic tissue parasitism at this stage of Chagas disease.

Keywords:
Trypanosoma cruzi; Acethylcholinesterase; Butyrylcholinesterase; Inflammatory process; Colon; Chagas disease