Comparative analysis of management tools: Management Plan of Itupararanga’s environmental protection area and Municipal Master Plans

Bernadi, Iara; Silva, Lais Ribeiro da; Falco, Patricia de; Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues; Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos

doi:10.14393/SN-v32-2020-3z6541

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Papers • Soc. nat. 32 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.14393/SN-v32-2020-3z6541 copy

Comparative analysis of management tools: Management Plan of Itupararanga’s environmental protection area and Municipal Master Plans

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The Itupararanga’s environmental protection area (APA) was created in 1998 and includes areas from the municipalities of Aluminio, Cotia, Votorantim, Vargem Grande Paulista, Mairinque, São Roque, Piedade and Ibiúna. It is an important conservation area regionally because it was created to preserve the region's water source: the Itupararanga’s reservoir. The goal of this study was to analyze the Management Plan of the APA and the Municipal Master Plans in the areas of intersection, surveying the possible conflicts of land use. The elaboration of Municipal Master Plans showed a small connection with the APA, which resulted in 12 conflicts of use and occupation of land (about 20% of APA area) in the zones between the APA and the area proposed by the Master Plan. Thus, we note the importance of reviewing the Master Plan and Management Plan for the APA to achieve the maintenance of environmental quality and sustainable development.

Keywords:
Conservation Units; Environmental Management; Conflict; Land Use

Zones	Objectives
Biodiversity Conservation Areas	To conserve and maintain wildlife and biodiversity in order to guarantee the maintenance of vegetation in the initial, middle and advanced stages of regeneration and the main headwaters of the watercourses forming the basin of the Itupararanga dam.
Water Resources Conservation Zone	To preserve the quantity and quality of the water of the basin of the Itupararanga reservoir, to conserve the headwaters of the watercourses that form the hydrographic network of the sub-basin, to guarantee the maintenance of vegetation in the areas of permanent preservation of the reservoir and its main river, guaranteeing soil fixation and maintenance of the micro-climate in its surroundings, maintaining soil permeability and recovering the floodplains.
Diversified Occupation Zone	Maintain the remnant forest , discipline and guide the new real estate development projects, neighborhoods and boat marinas with the guarantee of sustainability of the environment, promote economic and environmental sustainability of agriculture, forestry and pastoral activities, adapt to potential tourism activities for the sustainable development of APA and promote or adapt to tourism activities with a focus on rural tourism and ecotourism.
Zone of Rural Occupation	Promote rural land use in a disciplined and appropriate manner to support the conservation of natural resources, promote the environmental and economic sustainability of rural properties, promote sustainable rural activities and alternative agriculture, adapt urban activities, allowing their installation only for uses compatible with sustainability of the APA, and mandating development of environmental sanitation infrastructure.
Consolidated Occupancy Zone	Discipline urban sprawl, implement new land lots, trade, service and industry uses, promote the installation of environmental sanitation infrastructure, encourage the adoption of housing programs for the resettlement of the population living in areas of risk and / or illegals, promote the recovery of Permanent Preservation Areas and promote environmental recovery of degraded areas.

Zones	Permitted Uses
Biodiversity Conservation Areas	a) Management for the maintenance of genetic and population diversity of biota; b) Ecotourism activities; c) Sustainable rural activities; (d) the manufacture of handicraft food products; e) Plant replenishment with native species; f) Activities of contemplative visitation; g) Other rural uses that do not promote the suppression of native vegetation at any stage.
Water Resources Conservation Zone	a) Agricultural activities focusing on soil conservation and water resources, with the rational use of agrochemicals; b) Leisure activities; c) Low impact fishing activities; d) Leisure and tourism activities of low density and impact; e) Ecotourism activities; f) Forest restoration with native species; g) Agricultural activity, provided that it does not promote modification in the existing natural environment, and respecting the support capacity of the same; h) Activities of contemplative visitation; i) Aquaculture practice; j) Land parceling for urban purposes of non-densified human occupation, through the mandatory installation and operation of environmental sanitation infrastructure, and training and maintenance of large landscaped and green areas with native species and ensuring soil permeability rates with a minimum of 50% of the gross área.
Diversified Occupation Zone	a) Plant replenishment with native species; b) Agro-silvo-pastoral activities of small size and of low environmental impact, mainly in relation to the use of pesticides and fertilizers; c) Mining activities; d) Leisure activities; e) Fishing activities, provided that they are practiced in a sustainable way; f) Aquaculture; g) Ecotourism activities; h) Creation of municipal parks; i) Small and low environmental impact trade and service activities; j) Low-impact tourism ventures; l) Industrial activities of low environmental impact; m) Controlled urban expansion; n) Housing and various buildings, provided that under licensing; o) Existing constructions for single-family use.
Zone of Rural Occupation	a) Agrosilvopastoral activities controlled and of low environmental impact, mainly in relation to the use of agrochemicals and exotic invasive species; b) Permanent crops (fruit); c) Family and organic agriculture, prioritizing agroecological practices; d) Sustainable fishing activities; e) Aquaculture; (f) systematically controlled mining activities; g) Small and low environmental impact trade and service activities; h) Permanence of existing constructions for isolated single-family use; i) Activity of low environmental impact.
Consolidated Occupancy Zone	a) Urban expansion conditioned to the adequacy of basic infrastructure; b) Activities of commerce, service and industry under the control of the municipal legislation of use and occupation of the soil submitted to the environmental licensing by the competent organs; c) Fishing activities; d) Recovery of degraded areas with predominant use of native species; e) Agricultural activities, as long as they are compatible with the proximity of the urban environment.

Zones	Restrictions of use
Biodiversity Conservation Areas	a) Industrial activities that generate polluting effluents, such as: petroleum refineries, steel mills, industries where there are ore reduction processes, cellulose industries, flat glass industries, sugar and alcohol plants, cement industries, industrial incinerators , automobile industries, fertilizer industries that process phosphate rock, chemical or petrochemical complexes, among others, as established in Decree 4.544 / 02; (b) Installations for cemetery; c) Installations for the treatment and disposal of solid waste of any kind; d) Residential subdivisions and condominiums that imply the suppression of vegetation in the early, middle or advanced stages of regeneration; e) Predatory fishing practice and aquaculture.
Water Resources Conservation Zone	a) Industrial activities that generate polluting effluents, such as: petroleum refineries, steel mills, industries where there are ore reduction processes, cellulose industries, flat glass industries, sugar and alcohol plants, cement industries, industrial incinerators , automobile industries, fertilizer industries that process phosphate rock, chemical or petrochemical complexes, transshipment, among others; b) Disposal of solid waste of any nature.
Diversified Occupation Zone	It does not define uses that are not allowed.
Zone of Rural Occupation	It does not define uses that are not allowed.
Consolidated Occupancy Zone	It does not define uses that are not allowed.

Counties	Zones of the Counties	Zones APA	Conflicts	Area aprox.	Map area
Piedade	Zone of Disciplined Use (Rural Macrozona); Permanent Preservation Zone.	WCZ; BCZ .	No		-
São Roque	Areas with Severe Occupational Restrictions; Area Suitable for urban occupation with measures of protection to Manancial; Manacial Protection; Urban area.	OZO; ROZ; WCZ.	Yes	3.400 ha	1, 2, 3
Vargem Grande Paulista	Areas of Environmental Preservation I and II; Industrial Development Areas; Areas of Urban Recovery; Predominantly Industrial Areas; Residential area with corridors.	OZO; DOZ; WCZ.	Yes	150 ha	4
Votorantim	Tourist and Recreation Area 1.	OZO; ROZ; WCZ.	Divergence	90 ha	5
Mairinque	Environmental Conservation Zone; Countryside; Farm area 3.	OZO; ROZ; WCZ.	Divergence	33 ha	6
Ibiúna	Environmental Interest; Industrial Destination; Current Urban Perimeter.	OZO; ROZ; WCZ; BCZ .	Yes	16.700 ha	7, 8, 9, 10, *
Cotia	Zone of Containment to Urban Expansion I, II, III; Predominantly Residential Area; Strictly Residential Zone; Industry, Commerce and Service Zone; Environmental Preservation Zone; Social Interest Zone; Area of Historical-Cultural Interest; Mixed Use Zone; Zone of Tourist Interest; Zone of Rural Use.	OZO; ROZ; WCZ; DOZ.	Yes	490 ha	11, 12,*

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