Fluxo sangüíneo ocular em glaucoma: métodos de avaliação e importância

Nicolela, Marcelo Teixeira

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.19970014

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

¹
QUIGLEY; H. A.; ADDICKS, E. M. - Chronic experimental glaucoma in primates. II. Effect of extended intraocular pressure elevation on optic nerve head and axonal transport. Invest Ophthalmolm Vis Sci, 19: 137-152, 1980.
²
HOLLOWS, F. C.; GRAHAM, P. A. - Intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma, and glaucoma suspects in a defined population. Br J Ophthalmol, 50: 570-86, 1966.
³
SOMMER, A.; TIELSCH, J. M.; KATZ, J.; et al. - Relationship between intraocular pressure and primary open angle glaucoma among white and black Americans. The Baltimore Eye Survey. Arch Ophthalmol, 109: 1090-5, 1991.
⁴
WERNER, E. B.; DRANCE, S. M.; SCHULZER, M. - Trabeculectomy and the progression of glaucomatous visual field loss. Arch Ophthalmol, 95: 1374-1377, 1977.
⁵
BECKER, B. - Diabetes mellitus and primary open-angle glaucoma. The XXVII Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture. Am J Ophthalmol, 71: 1-16, 1971.
⁶
TIELSCH, J. M.; KATZ, J.; SOMMER, A.; et al. - Hypertension, perfusion pressure, and primary open-angle glaucoma. A population-based assessment. Arch Ophthalmol, 113: 216-21, 1995.
⁷
PHELPS, C. D.; CORBETT, J. J. - Migraine and low-tension glaucoma. A case-control study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 26: 1105-8, 1985.
⁸
DRANCE, S. M.; SWEENEY, V. P.; MORGAN, R. W.; FELDMAN, F. - Studies of factors involved in the production of low tension glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol, 89: 457-65, 1973.
⁹
HAYREH, S. S.; ZIMMERMAN, M. B.; PODHAJSKY, P.; ALWARD, W. L. - Noctumal arterial hypotension and its role in optic nerve head and ocular ischemic disorders. Am J Ophthalmol, 117: 603-24, 1994.
¹⁰
GRAHAM, S. L.; DRANCE, S. M.; WIJSMAN, K.; et al. - Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in glaucoma. The nocturnal dip. Ophthalmology, 102: 61-9, 1995.
¹¹
DRANCE, S. M.; DOUGLAS, G. D.; WIJSMAN, K.; et al. - Response of blood flow to warm and cold in normal and low-tension glaucoma patients. Am J Ophthalmol, 105: 35-9, 1988.
¹²
GASSER, P.; FLAMMER, J. - Blood-cell velocity in the nailfold capillaries of patients with normal-tension and high-tension glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 111: 585-8, 1991.
¹³
ANDERSON, D. R. - Glaucoma: the damage caused by pressure. XLVI Edward Jackson memorial lecture. [Review]. Am J Ophthalmol, 108: 485-95, 1989.
¹⁴
DRANCE, S. M. - Bowman Lecture. Glaucoma-changing concepts. Eye, 6: 337-45, 1992.
¹⁵
VAN BUSKIRK, M.; CIOFFI, G. A. - Glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol, 113: 447-452, 1992.
¹⁶
HAYREH, S. S. - Blood supply of the optic nerve head and its role in optic atrophy, glaucoma, and oedema of the optic disc. Br J Ophthalmol, 53: 721-48, 1969.
¹⁷
SOSSI, N.; ANDERSON, D. R. - Effect of elevated intraocular pressure on blood flow. Occurrence in cat optic nerve head studied with iodoantipyrine I 125. Arch Ophthalmol, 101: 98-101, 1983.
¹⁸
RIVA, C. E.; GRUNWALD, J. E.; PETRIG, B. L. - Autoregulation of human retinal blood flow. An investigation with laser Doppler velocimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 27: 1706-12, 1986.
¹⁹
ERICKSON, S. J.; HENDRIX, L. E.; MASSARO, B. M.; et al. - Color Doppler flow imaging of the normal and abnormal orbit. Radiology, 173: 511-6, 1989.
²⁰
LIEB, W. E.; COHEN, S. M.; MERTON, D. A., et al. - Color Doppler imaging of the eye and orbit. Technique and normal vascular anatomy. Arch Ophthalmol, 109: 527-31, 1991.
²¹
HAYREH, S. S.; BEACH, K. W. - Discussion of "Optic nerve shealth decompression may improve blood flow in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy". Ophthalmology, 100: 303-5, 1993.
²²
GALASSI, F.; NUZZACI, G.; SODI, A.; et al. Color Doppler imaging in evaluation of optic nerve blood supply in normal and glaucomatous subjects. Int Ophthalmol, 16: 273-6, 1992.
²³
RANKIN, S. J.; WALMAN, B. E.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; DRANCE, S. M. - Color Doppler imaging and spectral analysis of the optic nerve vasculature in glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 119: 685-93, 1995.
²⁴
NICOLELA, M. T.; WALMAN, B. E.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; DRANCE, S. M. - Ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma: A comparative study of their retrobulbar blood flow velocity. J Glaucoma, 5: 308-310, 1996.
²⁵
NICOLELA, M. T.; WALMAN, B. E.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; DRANCE, S. M. - Various glaucomatous optic disc appearances. A color Doppler imaging study of retrobulbar circulation. Ophthalmology, 103: 1670-1679, 1996.
²⁶
HARRIS, A.; SERGOTT, R. C.; SPAETH, G. L.; et al. - Color Doppler analysis of ocular vessel blood velocity in normal-tension glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 118: 642-9, 1994.
²⁷
NICOLELA, M. T.; DRANCE, S. M.; RANKIN, S. J. A.; et al. - Color Doppler imaging in patients with asymmetric glaucoma and unilateral visual field loss. Am J Ophthalmol, 121: 502-510, 1996.
²⁸
BAXTER, G. M.; WILLIAMSON, T. H.; MCKILLOP, G.; DUTTON, G. N. - Color Doppler ultrasound of orbital and optic nerve blood flow: effects of posture and timolol 0.5%. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 33: 604-10, 1992.
²⁹
HARRIS, A.; SPAETH, G. L.; SERGOTT, R. C., et al. - Retrobulbar arterial hemodynamic effects of betaxolol and timolol in normal tension glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 120: 168-75, 1995.
³⁰
NICOLELA, M. T.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; WALMAN, B. E.; DRANCE, S. M. - A comparative study of the effects of timolol and latanoprost on blood flow velocity of the retrobulbar vessels. Am J Ophthalmol, 122: 784-789, 1996.
³¹
SPAETH, G. L. - The pathogenesis of nerve damage in glaucoma: Contributions of fluorescein angiography. New York: Grune & Stratton Inc, 1977.
³²
SCHWARTZ, B.; RIESER, J. C.; FISHBEIN, S. L. - Fluorescein angiographic defects of the optic disc in glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol, 95: 1961-74, 1977.
³³
GREVE, E. L.; GEIJSSEN, H. G. C.; DUIJM, H. F. A. - Aspects of normal tension glaucoma, in Glaucoma: Decision making in therapy, M.G. Bucci, Editor. 1996, Springer-Verlag Italia: Milano. p. 209-212.
³⁴
WOLF, S.; AREND, 0.; TOONEN, H.; et al. Retinal capillary blood flow measurements with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Preliminary results. Ophthalmology, 98: 996-1000, 1991.
³⁵
WOLF, S.; AREND, 0.; SPONSEL, W. E.; et al. - Retinal hemodynamics using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and hemorheology in chronic open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 97: 1561-1566, 1993.
³⁶
RIVA, C. E.; GRUNWALD, J. E.; SINCLAIR, S. H.; PETRIG, B. L. - Blood velocity and volumetric flow rate in human retinal vessels. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 26: 1124-32, 1985.
³⁷
GRUNWALD, J. E. - Effect of timolol maleate on the retinal circulation of human eyes with ocular hypertension. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 31: 521-6, 1990.
³⁸
GRUNWALD, J. E. - Effect of two weeks of timolol maleate treatment on the normal retinal circulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 32: 39-45, 1991.
³⁹
RIVA, C. E.; HARINO, S.; PETRIG, B. L.; SHONAT, R. D. - Laser Doppler flowmetry in the optic nerve. Experimemal Eye Research, 55: 499-506, 1992.
⁴⁰
BONNER, R.; NOSSAL, R. - Model for laser Doppler measurements of blood flow in tissue. Appl Opt, 20: 2097-107, 1981.
⁴¹
MICHELSON, G.; SCHMAUSS, B. - Two dimensional mapping of the perfusion of the retina and optic nerve head. Br J Ophthalmol, 19: 1126-32, 1995.
⁴²
NICOLELA, M. T.; HNIK, P.; DRANCE, S. M. - Scanning laser Doppler tlowmeter study of retinal and optic disc blood tlow in glaucomatous patients. Am J Ophthalmol, 122: 775-783, 1996.
⁴³
RIVA, C. E.; PETRIG, B. - Blue field entoptic phenomenon and blood tlow velocity in the retinal capillaries. J Opt Soc Am, 70: 1234-1238, 1980.
⁴⁴
GRUNWALD, J. E.; RIVA, C. E.; STONE, R. A.; et al. - Retinal autoregulation in open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 91: 1690-4, 1984.
⁴⁵
LANGHAM, M. E.; FARREL, R.: KRAKAU, T.; SILVER, D. - Ocular pulsitile ocular blood flow, hypotensive drugs, and differential light sensitivity in glaucoma., in Glaucoma uptade IV, G.K. Krieglstein, Editor. 1991, Springer-Verlag: Berlin. p. 162-172.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Dec 1997

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado.

[1] ¹
QUIGLEY; H. A.; ADDICKS, E. M. - Chronic experimental glaucoma in primates. II. Effect of extended intraocular pressure elevation on optic nerve head and axonal transport. Invest Ophthalmolm Vis Sci, 19: 137-152, 1980.

[2] ²
HOLLOWS, F. C.; GRAHAM, P. A. - Intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma, and glaucoma suspects in a defined population. Br J Ophthalmol, 50: 570-86, 1966.

[3] ³
SOMMER, A.; TIELSCH, J. M.; KATZ, J.; et al. - Relationship between intraocular pressure and primary open angle glaucoma among white and black Americans. The Baltimore Eye Survey. Arch Ophthalmol, 109: 1090-5, 1991.

[4] ⁴
WERNER, E. B.; DRANCE, S. M.; SCHULZER, M. - Trabeculectomy and the progression of glaucomatous visual field loss. Arch Ophthalmol, 95: 1374-1377, 1977.

[5] ⁵
BECKER, B. - Diabetes mellitus and primary open-angle glaucoma. The XXVII Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture. Am J Ophthalmol, 71: 1-16, 1971.

[6] ⁶
TIELSCH, J. M.; KATZ, J.; SOMMER, A.; et al. - Hypertension, perfusion pressure, and primary open-angle glaucoma. A population-based assessment. Arch Ophthalmol, 113: 216-21, 1995.

[7] ⁷
PHELPS, C. D.; CORBETT, J. J. - Migraine and low-tension glaucoma. A case-control study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 26: 1105-8, 1985.

[8] ⁸
DRANCE, S. M.; SWEENEY, V. P.; MORGAN, R. W.; FELDMAN, F. - Studies of factors involved in the production of low tension glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol, 89: 457-65, 1973.

[9] ⁹
HAYREH, S. S.; ZIMMERMAN, M. B.; PODHAJSKY, P.; ALWARD, W. L. - Noctumal arterial hypotension and its role in optic nerve head and ocular ischemic disorders. Am J Ophthalmol, 117: 603-24, 1994.

[10] ¹⁰
GRAHAM, S. L.; DRANCE, S. M.; WIJSMAN, K.; et al. - Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in glaucoma. The nocturnal dip. Ophthalmology, 102: 61-9, 1995.

[11] ¹¹
DRANCE, S. M.; DOUGLAS, G. D.; WIJSMAN, K.; et al. - Response of blood flow to warm and cold in normal and low-tension glaucoma patients. Am J Ophthalmol, 105: 35-9, 1988.

[12] ¹²
GASSER, P.; FLAMMER, J. - Blood-cell velocity in the nailfold capillaries of patients with normal-tension and high-tension glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 111: 585-8, 1991.

[13] ¹³
ANDERSON, D. R. - Glaucoma: the damage caused by pressure. XLVI Edward Jackson memorial lecture. [Review]. Am J Ophthalmol, 108: 485-95, 1989.

[14] ¹⁴
DRANCE, S. M. - Bowman Lecture. Glaucoma-changing concepts. Eye, 6: 337-45, 1992.

[15] ¹⁵
VAN BUSKIRK, M.; CIOFFI, G. A. - Glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol, 113: 447-452, 1992.

[16] ¹⁶
HAYREH, S. S. - Blood supply of the optic nerve head and its role in optic atrophy, glaucoma, and oedema of the optic disc. Br J Ophthalmol, 53: 721-48, 1969.

[17] ¹⁷
SOSSI, N.; ANDERSON, D. R. - Effect of elevated intraocular pressure on blood flow. Occurrence in cat optic nerve head studied with iodoantipyrine I 125. Arch Ophthalmol, 101: 98-101, 1983.

[18] ¹⁸
RIVA, C. E.; GRUNWALD, J. E.; PETRIG, B. L. - Autoregulation of human retinal blood flow. An investigation with laser Doppler velocimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 27: 1706-12, 1986.

[19] ¹⁹
ERICKSON, S. J.; HENDRIX, L. E.; MASSARO, B. M.; et al. - Color Doppler flow imaging of the normal and abnormal orbit. Radiology, 173: 511-6, 1989.

[20] ²⁰
LIEB, W. E.; COHEN, S. M.; MERTON, D. A., et al. - Color Doppler imaging of the eye and orbit. Technique and normal vascular anatomy. Arch Ophthalmol, 109: 527-31, 1991.

[21] ²¹
HAYREH, S. S.; BEACH, K. W. - Discussion of "Optic nerve shealth decompression may improve blood flow in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy". Ophthalmology, 100: 303-5, 1993.

[22] ²²
GALASSI, F.; NUZZACI, G.; SODI, A.; et al. Color Doppler imaging in evaluation of optic nerve blood supply in normal and glaucomatous subjects. Int Ophthalmol, 16: 273-6, 1992.

[23] ²³
RANKIN, S. J.; WALMAN, B. E.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; DRANCE, S. M. - Color Doppler imaging and spectral analysis of the optic nerve vasculature in glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 119: 685-93, 1995.

[24] ²⁴
NICOLELA, M. T.; WALMAN, B. E.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; DRANCE, S. M. - Ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma: A comparative study of their retrobulbar blood flow velocity. J Glaucoma, 5: 308-310, 1996.

[25] ²⁵
NICOLELA, M. T.; WALMAN, B. E.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; DRANCE, S. M. - Various glaucomatous optic disc appearances. A color Doppler imaging study of retrobulbar circulation. Ophthalmology, 103: 1670-1679, 1996.

[26] ²⁶
HARRIS, A.; SERGOTT, R. C.; SPAETH, G. L.; et al. - Color Doppler analysis of ocular vessel blood velocity in normal-tension glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 118: 642-9, 1994.

[27] ²⁷
NICOLELA, M. T.; DRANCE, S. M.; RANKIN, S. J. A.; et al. - Color Doppler imaging in patients with asymmetric glaucoma and unilateral visual field loss. Am J Ophthalmol, 121: 502-510, 1996.

[28] ²⁸
BAXTER, G. M.; WILLIAMSON, T. H.; MCKILLOP, G.; DUTTON, G. N. - Color Doppler ultrasound of orbital and optic nerve blood flow: effects of posture and timolol 0.5%. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 33: 604-10, 1992.

[29] ²⁹
HARRIS, A.; SPAETH, G. L.; SERGOTT, R. C., et al. - Retrobulbar arterial hemodynamic effects of betaxolol and timolol in normal tension glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol, 120: 168-75, 1995.

[30] ³⁰
NICOLELA, M. T.; BUCKLEY, A. R.; WALMAN, B. E.; DRANCE, S. M. - A comparative study of the effects of timolol and latanoprost on blood flow velocity of the retrobulbar vessels. Am J Ophthalmol, 122: 784-789, 1996.

[31] ³¹
SPAETH, G. L. - The pathogenesis of nerve damage in glaucoma: Contributions of fluorescein angiography. New York: Grune & Stratton Inc, 1977.

[32] ³²
SCHWARTZ, B.; RIESER, J. C.; FISHBEIN, S. L. - Fluorescein angiographic defects of the optic disc in glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol, 95: 1961-74, 1977.

[33] ³³
GREVE, E. L.; GEIJSSEN, H. G. C.; DUIJM, H. F. A. - Aspects of normal tension glaucoma, in Glaucoma: Decision making in therapy, M.G. Bucci, Editor. 1996, Springer-Verlag Italia: Milano. p. 209-212.

[34] ³⁴
WOLF, S.; AREND, 0.; TOONEN, H.; et al. Retinal capillary blood flow measurements with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Preliminary results. Ophthalmology, 98: 996-1000, 1991.

[35] ³⁵
WOLF, S.; AREND, 0.; SPONSEL, W. E.; et al. - Retinal hemodynamics using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and hemorheology in chronic open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 97: 1561-1566, 1993.

[36] ³⁶
RIVA, C. E.; GRUNWALD, J. E.; SINCLAIR, S. H.; PETRIG, B. L. - Blood velocity and volumetric flow rate in human retinal vessels. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 26: 1124-32, 1985.

[37] ³⁷
GRUNWALD, J. E. - Effect of timolol maleate on the retinal circulation of human eyes with ocular hypertension. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 31: 521-6, 1990.

[38] ³⁸
GRUNWALD, J. E. - Effect of two weeks of timolol maleate treatment on the normal retinal circulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 32: 39-45, 1991.

[39] ³⁹
RIVA, C. E.; HARINO, S.; PETRIG, B. L.; SHONAT, R. D. - Laser Doppler flowmetry in the optic nerve. Experimemal Eye Research, 55: 499-506, 1992.

[40] ⁴⁰
BONNER, R.; NOSSAL, R. - Model for laser Doppler measurements of blood flow in tissue. Appl Opt, 20: 2097-107, 1981.

[41] ⁴¹
MICHELSON, G.; SCHMAUSS, B. - Two dimensional mapping of the perfusion of the retina and optic nerve head. Br J Ophthalmol, 19: 1126-32, 1995.

[42] ⁴²
NICOLELA, M. T.; HNIK, P.; DRANCE, S. M. - Scanning laser Doppler tlowmeter study of retinal and optic disc blood tlow in glaucomatous patients. Am J Ophthalmol, 122: 775-783, 1996.

[43] ⁴³
RIVA, C. E.; PETRIG, B. - Blue field entoptic phenomenon and blood tlow velocity in the retinal capillaries. J Opt Soc Am, 70: 1234-1238, 1980.

[44] ⁴⁴
GRUNWALD, J. E.; RIVA, C. E.; STONE, R. A.; et al. - Retinal autoregulation in open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 91: 1690-4, 1984.

[45] ⁴⁵
LANGHAM, M. E.; FARREL, R.: KRAKAU, T.; SILVER, D. - Ocular pulsitile ocular blood flow, hypotensive drugs, and differential light sensitivity in glaucoma., in Glaucoma uptade IV, G.K. Krieglstein, Editor. 1991, Springer-Verlag: Berlin. p. 162-172.

Brasil

Brasil

Fluxo sangüíneo ocular em glaucoma: métodos de avaliação e importância

Ocular blood flow in glaucoma. Evaluation methods and clinical importance

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

Datas de Publicação