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ABSTRACT Because information on the use of fungicides to control of asian soybean rust (ASR) in Paraguay is scarce, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 18 treatments (site-specific fungicides applied alone and in combination with mancozeb) on ASR. Two trials were carried out in La Paloma (Canindeyú, Paraguay) in two planting dates (S1: 10/10/2018 and S2: 01/20/2019) under a randomized complete block factorial design (Factor A: site-specific fungicides, Factor B: site-specific fungicides + mancozebe) with four replications. Analysis of variance was performed for each experiment and the Scott-Knott comparison of means test was performed at 5 % of probability. The Factor A x Factor B interaction was not significant for the variables evaluated in both sowing times. However, Factor A was significant for severity, AUCPE and EC in both planting times, where the mixtures picoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr, and azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr gave rise to the lowest severity of RAS and the highest EC in S1, while in S2 the mixtures of trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole + bixafen, and trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole stood out. The least efficient fungicides were picoxystrobin + cyproconazole, and trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole. The addition of mancozeb to the mixtures of systemic fungicides favored the EC by 7 % in S1 and 3.8 % in S2 and the yield by 174 kg ha-1 in S1 and 128 kg ha-1 in S2.

RESUMEN Debido a que la información sobre el uso de fungicidas para el control de la roya asiática de la soja (RAS) en Paraguay es escasa, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de 18 tratamientos (fungicidas sitio-específicos aplicados de forma aislada y en combinación con mancozeb) sobre la RAS. Se realizaron dos ensayos en La Paloma (Canindeyú, Paraguay) en dos épocas de siembra (S1: 10/10/2018 y S2: 20/01/2019) bajo un diseño factorial en bloques completos al azar (Factor A: fungicidas sitio-específicos, Factor B: fungicidas sitio-específicos + mancozeb) con cuatro repeticiones. Se realizó el análisis de varianza para cada experimento y la prueba de comparación de medias de Scott-Knott al 5 % de probabilidad. La interacción Factor A x Factor B no fue significativa para las variables evaluadas en ambas épocas de siembra. Sin embargo, el Factor A fue significativo para la severidad, ABCPE y la EC en ambas épocas de siembra, donde las mezclas picoxistrobina + benzovindiflupyr y azoxistrobina + benzovindiflupyr dieron lugar a la menor severidad de la RAS y mayor EC en S1, mientras que en S2 sobresalieron las mezclas de trifloxistrobina + prothioconazol + bixafen y trifloxistrobina + prothioconazol. Los fungicidas menos eficientes fueron picoxistrobina + ciproconazol y trifloxistrobina + ciproconazol. La adición de mancozeb a las mezclas de fungicidas sistémicos favoreció la EC en 7 % en S1 y en 3,8 % en S2 y el rendimiento en 174 kg ha-1 en S1 y 128 kg ha-1 en S2.

RESUMO Considerando que a informação sobre o uso de fungicidas para o controle da ferrugem asiática da soja (FAS) no Paraguai é limitada, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de 18 tratamentos (fungicidas sítio-específicos aplicados de forma isolada e em combinação com mancozebe) sobre a FAS. Realizaram-se dois ensaios em La Paloma (Canindeyú, Paraguai) em duas épocas de semeadura (S1: 10/10/2018 e S2: 20/01/2019) em delineamento fatorial em blocos inteiramente casualizados (Fator A: fungicidas sítio-específicos, Fator B: fungicidas sítio-específicos + mancozebe) com quatro repetições. Realizou-se a análise de variância para cada experimento, sendo que o teste de comparação de médias usado foi o Scott-Knott à 5 % de probabilidade. Nas duas épocas de semeadura a interação Fator A x Fator B não foi significativa para as variáveis avaliadas. No entanto, o Fator A foi significativo para a severidade, AACPD e EC em ambas épocas de plantio, pois as misturas de picoxistrobina + benzovindiflupir e azoxistrobina + benzovindiflupir resultaram na menor severidade da FAS e na maior EC na S1, enquanto que na S2 destacaram-se as misturas de trifloxistrobina + protioconazol + bixafen, e trifloxistrobina + protioconazol. Os fungicidas menos eficientes foram picoxistrobina + ciproconazol e trifloxistrobina + ciproconazol. A adição de mancozebe às misturas de fungicidas sistêmicos favoreceu a EC em 7 % na S1 e 3,8 % na S2 e a produtividade em 174 kg ha-1 >na S1 e 128 kg ha-1 na S2.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/264911

In silico ADMET prediction, evaluation of cytotoxicity in mouse splenocytes and preliminary evaluation of in vitro antimalarial activity of 4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole compounds
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SILVA, BEATRIZ R.M.G. DA

; BEZERRA JÚNIOR, NATANAEL DA SILVA

; OLIVEIRA, JAMERSON F. DE

; DUARTE, DENISE MARIA F.A.

; MARQUES, DIEGO S.C.

; NOGUEIRA, FÁTIMA

; LIMA, MARIA CARMO A. DE

; CRUZ FILHO, IRANILDO JOSÉ DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 2 elocation e20230566

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In this work, an in silico study and evaluation of the cytotoxicity of 4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole compounds against mouse splenocytes and the chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain are reported. The in silico results showed that the compounds have important pharmacokinetic properties for compounds with potential drug candidates. Regarding cytotoxicity assays against splenocytes, the compounds have low cytotoxicity. In addition, they were able to promote activation of these cells by increasing nitric oxide production without promoting cell death. Finally, they were able to promote cell proliferation. Regarding the in vitro anti-P. falciparum activity assays, it was observed that the compounds were able to inhibit the parasite’s growth, presenting IC50 values ranging from 0.79 to greater than 10 µM. These results are promising when compared to chloroquine. Therefore, this study showed that 4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole compounds are promising candidates for antimalarials.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230566

Déficit de vitamina D en niños y adolescentes que reciben tratamiento antiepiléptico. Estudio descriptivo
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Duarte-Donneys, Lili M.

; Ramírez, Juan J.

; Cornejo, José W.

; Suárez-Brochero, Óscar F.

; Rojas-Cerón, Christian A.

Medicas UIS

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apr 2022, Volume 35 N. 1 Pages 71 - 79

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: la hipovitaminosis D es un problema prevalente en la población general y muy frecuente en niños; relacionado a diferentes patologías o factores como el uso de medicamento antiepilépticos (MAEs), principalmente aquellos inductores enzimáticos del citocromo P450, ampliamente relacionados con la salud ósea. Razón por la que este estudio busca determinar la distribución de insuficiencia de Vitamina D en niños tratados farmacológicamente para la epilepsia, así como establecer factores asociados basándose en características sociodemográficas, clínicas y terapéuticas. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo con 103 pacientes con epilepsia en manejo con MAEs, asistentes a la consulta de neuropediatría en un hospital de tercer nivel, se tomó información de las historias clínicas de niños entre 0 y 18 años durante enero del 2016 y junio del 2019. Se construyó un modelo multivariado en relación a la presencia de insuficiencia de vitamina D y valores normales de esta. Resultados: el 44,7% presentaron insuficiencia de vitamina D, mientras 6,8% de pacientes presentó deficiencia, de los cuales 4 tenían historia de fracturas. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa con la insuficiencia en pacientes que residen en área rural (ORa=4,2 (IC95=1,3-13,4) p=0,013), pertenecen a nivel socio económico bajo (Ora=2,9 (IC95%=1,1-77) p=0,030) y padecen epilepsia refractaria (Ora=3,1 (IC95%=1-8,7) p=0,033). Conclusiones: la hipovitaminosis D es frecuente en paciente con epilepsia en manejo farmacológico con MAE. La insuficiencia se asoció con epilepsia refractaria, nivel socioeconómico bajo y provenir de área rural, por lo que se recomienda vigilancia rutinaria de los niveles de vitamina D y suplementación en aquellos pacientes con déficit. MÉD.UIS.2022;35(1): 71-9

Abstract Hypovitaminosis D is a prevalent problem in the general population and very common in children; related to different pathologies or factors such as the use of antiepileptic drugs (MAEs), mainly those enzymatic inducers of cytochrome P450, broadly related with bone health. Reason why this study seeks to determine the distribution of vitamin D insufficiency in children with epilepsy in pharmacological treatment and to establish associated factors based on sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics. Methodology: descriptive, cross- sectional, retrospective study with 103 patients with epilepsy in management with MAEs, attending the neuropaediatric consultation in a third-level hospital, information was taken from the medical records of children between 0 and 18 years of age during January 2016 and June 2019. A multivariate model was built in relation to the presence of vitamin D insufficiency and its normal values. Results: 44.7% of patients had vitamin D insufficiency, while 6.8% had deficiency, of which 4 had a history of fractures. A statistically significant association with insufficiency was found in patients residing in rural areas (ORa=4.2 (IC95=1.3-13.4) p=0.013), they belong to a low socio-economic level (Ora=2.9 (95% CI=1.1-77) p=0.030) and suffering from refractory epilepsy (Ora=3.1 (95% CI=1-8.7) p=0.033). Conclusions: hypovitaminosis D is frequent in a patient with epilepsy under pharmacological management with MAE. Insufficiency was associated with refractory epilepsy, low socioeconomic status and coming from rural areas, so routine monitoring of vitamin D levels is recommended in those patients with deficits. MÉD.UIS.2022;35(1): 71-9

https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v35n1-2022007 79 downloads

Compressive lesions in the central nervous system of buffaloes
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Barbosa, José D.

; Brito, Marilene F.

; Bomjardim, Henrique A.

; Duarte, Marcos D.

; Barbosa, Camila C.

; Silveira, Natalia S.S.

; Oliveira, Carlos Magno C.

; Salvarani, Felipe M.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e07060

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Esse trabalho descreve, através de estudo retrospectivo, os achados epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos de compressão no sistema nervoso central (SNC) de bubalinos. O estudo compreendeu as observações realizadas em 15 animais, durante os anos de 1998 a 2021, por meio da revisão dos arquivos de fichas clínicas de animais com lesões compressivas no SNC atendidos pelo Hospital Veterinário do Instituto de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará. Os animais atendidos com sinais clínicos compatíveis com lesões compressivas no SNC foram submetidos a exames clínicos geral e específico do sistema nervoso. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de quatro animais para realização de hemograma e amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de três animais para avaliação física. Foram necropsiados 13 animais. A faixa etária dos animais acometidos variou de quatro meses a 11 anos de idade, com maior frequência na faixa acima de 12 meses (80%, 13/15). O segmento vertebral mais acometido foi entre T3-L3 (60%, 9/15), seguida por lesão no encéfalo (20%, 3/15), pelo segmento L4-S2 (13,3%, 2/15) e pelo segmento C1-C5 (6,7%, 1/15). Os achados clínicos variaram de acordo com a localização da lesão. Os achados de necropsia revelaram abscesso parahipofisário, no tronco encefálico e no corpo da vértebra, hematoma subaracnoidea, linfoma e fraturas vertebrais. A realização de um minucioso exame clínico do SNC associado aos achados de necropsia foram importantes para caracterizar o quadro clínico e localizar a causa e os seguimentos acometidos do SNC nos búfalos estudados. Torna-se importante incluir as lesões compressivas do SNC entre as enfermidades neurológicas dos bubalinos.

ABSTRACT: This study describes, through a retrospective study, the epidemiological and clinical-pathological findings of compression in the central nervous system (CNS) of buffaloes. The study includes observations made in 15 animals from 1998 to 2021 by reviewing the clinical records of animals with compressive injuries of the CNS treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine Institute of the Federal University of Pará. The animals treated with clinical signs compatible with CNS compressive lesions were subjected to general and specific clinical examinations of the nervous system. Blood samples were collected from four animals for complete blood counts, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from three animals for physical evaluation. Thirteen animals were necropsied. The age range of the affected animals ranged from four months to 11 years of age, with a greater frequency over age 12 months (80%, 13/15). The most affected vertebral segment was between T3 and L3 (60%, 9/15), followed by brain injury (20%, 3/15), the L4-S2 segment (13.3%, 2/15) and the C1-C5 segment (6.7%, 1/15). The clinical findings varied according to the location of the lesion. The necropsy findings revealed paraypophyseal abscess in the brainstem and vertebral body, subarachnoid hematoma, lymphoma and vertebral fractures. The performance of a thorough clinical examination of the CNS combined with the necropsy findings was important to characterize the clinical picture and to locate the cause and the affected CNS segments in the buffaloes studied. It is important to include CNS compressive lesions among the neurological diseases of buffaloes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7060

Compressive lesions in the central nervous system of cattle: a retrospective study of 50 cases in the Amazon biome
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Barbosa, José D.

; Brito, Marilene F.

; Duarte, Marcos D.

; Albernaz, Tatiane T.

; Bomjardim, Henrique A.

; Barbosa, Camila C.

; Oliveira, Carlos Magno C.

; Salvarani, Felipe M.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e07057

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O presente trabalho reúne informações epidemiológicas e clínicopatológicas de bovinos com lesões compressivas no sistema nervoso central (SNC). O estudo retrospectivo compreendeu as observações realizadas em 50 bovinos durante os anos de 1998 a 2021, por meio da revisão dos arquivos de fichas clínicas de animais com lesões compressivas no SNC atendidos pelo Hospital Veterinário do Instituto de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará. Os animais atendidos com sinais clínicos foram submetidos a exame clínico geral e específico do sistema nervoso. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 13 animais para realização de hemograma e amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano de quatro animais para avaliação física. Foram submetidos à necropsia 29 bovinos. Os locais mais acometidos foram as vértebras T3-L3 (46%, 23/50), C1-C5 (22%, 11/50), C6-T2 (14%, 7/50), sacrococcígea (4%, 2/50) e L4-S2 (2%, 1/50); cérebro (8%, 4/50) e cerebelo (4%, 2/50). A idade dos bovinos afetados variou de 20 dias a 16 anos, com maior ocorrência em animais com menos de 12 meses (56%, 28/50). As fêmeas foram mais acometidas (58%, 29/50) do que os machos (42%, 21/50). Os sinais clínicos variaram de acordo com a localização da lesão e foram representados principalmente por ataxia, paresia ou paralisia dos membros, incapacidade de se levantar e de ficar em estação, alterações posturais, hiperestesia nas extremidades, além de perda da sensibilidade cutânea relacionada com a localização da lesão. Os achados de necropsia revelaram alterações como abscessos no corpo vertebral, no espaço intervertebral, no canal medular, para-hipofisário e no cerebelo; granuloma no arco da vértebra, fraturas do corpo das vértebras; hematoma subaracnoide; alteração óssea congênita causando compressão medular e espondilite. Anamnese detalhada e exame clínico do SNC, associados aos achados de necropsia foram importantes para determinar a causa da doença, correlacionar com o quadro clínico e localizar os segmentos acometidos do SNC dos bovinos. Torna-se importante incluir estas enfermidades na lista de diagnósticos diferenciais em bovinos que apresentem sintomatologia nervosa.

ABSTRACT: The present study gathered epidemiological and clinical-pathological information about cattle with compressive lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). The retrospective study included observations made in 50 cattle from 1998 to 2021 by reviewing the clinical records of animals with compressive lesions in the CNS treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine Institute of the Federal University of Pará. The animals had clinical signs and were subjected to general and specific clinical examination of the nervous system. Blood samples were collected from 13 animals for complete blood counts, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from four animals for physical evaluation. Twenty-nine cattle underwent necropsy. The most affected sites were the T3-L3 (46%, 23/50), C1-C5 (22%, 11/50), C6-T2 (14%, 7/50), sacrococcygeal vertebrae, (4%, 2/50), L4-S2 (2%, 1/50), brain (8%, 4/50) and cerebellum (4%, 2/50). The age of the affected cattle ranged from 20 days to 16 years, with a higher occurrence in animals younger than 12 months (56%, 28/50). More Females were affected (58%, 29/50) than males (42%, 21/50). The clinical signs varied according to the location of the lesion and were mainly represented by ataxia, paresis or paralysis of the limbs, inability to stand and walk, postural changes, hyperesthesia in the extremities, and loss of skin sensitivity at the location of the lesion. The necropsy findings revealed changes such as abscesses in the vertebral body; intervertebral space in the medullary canal, pituitary and cerebellum; granuloma in the arch of the vertebra; fractures of the body of the vertebrae; subarachnoid haematoma; congenital bone alteration causing spinal cord compression; and spondylitis. Detailed anamnesis and clinical examination of the CNS, associated with necropsy findings, were important to determine the cause of the disease, correlate with the clinical picture and locate the affected segments of the CNS in the cattle. It is important to include these diseases in the list of differential diagnoses in cattle with nervous symptoms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7057

Variación espacio-temporal en la densidad y estructura de tallas de Megastraea undosa (Gastropoda: Turbinidae) en la costa occidental de Baja California Sur, México
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Hernández-Padilla, Juan Carlos

; Navarro-González, Jessica Adriana

; Salcido-Guevara, Luis A.

; Sánchez-Cárdenas, Rebeca

; Gutiérrez-González, José Luis

; Yee-Duarte, Josué Alonso

Revista de biología marina y oceanografía

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dec 2021, Volume 56 N. 3 Pages 176 - 185

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Megastraea undosa snail is part of the economically important benthic fisheries of the western coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. Studies on their density and size structure are important because they are part of the stock assessments that support the fishery management. The objective of this work was to determine the spatial-temporal variations of density and size structure of the M. undosa snail in the western coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. The size structure was determined by sampling site and analyzed based on the legal minimum size and fishing zone. In the spatial analysis, density (ind. m-2) and average size were analyzed by depth stratum and fishing area. For the temporal analysis, density and average size were analyzed by depth stratum only for zone 3 in the period 1999 to 2014. The results showed spatial differences in density and average size of the M. undosa snail on the west coast of Baja California Sur, with small sizes dominating at the southernmost fishing site. Spatial and temporal variations are discussed as a function of macroalgae availability, as well as sea surface temperature and seasonal upwelling. Knowledge of spatial-temporal behavior of the sizes and densities of M. undosa will serve as basis for its future management, based on a biological or bioeconomic approach.

Resumen: El caracol Megastraea undosa forma parte de las pesquerías de recursos bentónicos económicamente importantes de la costa occidental de Baja California Sur, México. Los estudios sobre su densidad y estructura de tallas son importantes debido a que forman parte de las evaluaciones de stock en apoyo al manejo de su pesquería. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las variaciones espacio-temporales de la densidad y estructura de tallas del caracol M. undosa en la costa occidental de Baja California Sur, México. Se determinó la estructura de tallas por sitio de muestreo y se analizó con base en la talla mínima legal y por zona de pesca. En el análisis espacial, la densidad (ind. m-2) y talla promedio se analizaron por estrato de profundidad y zona de pesca. El análisis temporal, densidad y talla promedio fueron analizadas por estrato de profundidad, únicamente para la zona 3, en el periodo comprendido desde 1999-2014. Los resultados demostraron diferencias espaciales de la densidad y talla promedio del caracol M. undosa en la costa occidental de Baja California Sur, y en el sitio de pesca más sureño dominaron las tallas pequeñas. Se discuten las variaciones espacio-temporales de la densidad y estructura de tallas en función de la disponibilidad de macroalgas, así como de la temperatura superficial del mar y las surgencias estacionales. El conocimiento del comportamiento espacio-temporal de la talla y densidad de M. undosa servirá de base para su futuro manejo, con base en un enfoque biológico o bioeconómico para el establecimiento de puntos de referencia.

https://doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2021.56.3.3179 15 downloads

Chronic venous insufficiency symptoms and its potential causes: Are we doing it right?
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Santillán-Aguayo, Enrique

; Rivera Sánchez, José de J.

; Carbajal-Robles, Verónica

; Duarte-Acuña, Javier

; Piña-Avilés, Felipe A.

; Ramírez-Berumen, Miriam V.

Revista mexicana de angiología

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jun 2021, Volume 49 N. 2 Pages 57 - 66

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Chronic venous insufficiency has symptomatology associated with venous hypertension; until now they have never been approached for the purpose of describing a characteristic pattern presentation allowing a clinical differential diagnosis. The largest study addressing this topic is the Vein Restoration Study (VRS) that included 38,750 patients demonstrating discrepancy between signs and symptoms among age groups studied, coupled with the fact that in our own medical practice as a vascular specialist we may face patients with advanced degrees of venous hypertension but completely asymptomatic. Symptoms have been reported as subjective and potentially confoundable with other comorbidities such as neuropathies, as there is a close anatomic relationship between veins and nerves. Methods: Electronic literature searches were performed from 1947 to 2021 by the first author using PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Results: We found 1200 articles using those related to venous symptoms noting any of them focused on the pattern presentation with evident discrepancies between signs and symptoms. Conclusion: Venous symptoms must be considered subjective, and potentially caused by an underlying and undefined condition or comorbity. Until now, no author has demonstrated that these are caused directly by venous disease.

Resumen Introducción: La insuficiencia venosa tiene síntomas relacionados con hipertensión venosa, pero hasta ahora éstos no se han enfocado con el propósito de describir un patrón de presentación característico que permita establecer de forma clínica un diagnóstico diferencial. El estudio más grande Vein Restoration Study (VRS) que incluyó a 38,750 pacientes demostró una discrepancia de los síntomas y signos entre dos grupos etarios estudiados; en la práctica de los autores como especialistas vasculares es posible atender a un paciente con grados avanzados de hipertensión venosa pero asintomáticos. Los síntomas se han notificado como subjetivos y tal vez confundibles con los de otras anomalías comórbidas como las neuropatías, dado que existe una estrecha relación anatómica con los nervios. Métodos: Búsqueda electrónica de artículos en relación con síntomas venosos entre los años 1947 y 2021, por investigador principal, a través de PUBMED y Cochrane. Resultados: Se encontraron 1200 artículos y se utilizaron aquéllos vinculados con síntomas venosos, sin identificar alguno enfocado en el patrón de presentación esperado y con evidentes discrepancias entre signos y síntomas. Conclusión: Los síntomas venosos deben considerarse como subjetivos, y pueden ser causados por una comorbilidad subyacente y no identificada. Hasta ahora ningún autor ha demostrado que estos sean causados de forma directa por la enfermedad venosa.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rma.20000046 141 downloads

10.

Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial – 2020
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Barroso, Weimar Kunz Sebba

; Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad

; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido

; Mota-Gomes, Marco Antônio

; Brandão, Andréa Araujo

; Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães

; Machado, Carlos Alberto

; Poli-de-Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo

; Amodeo, Celso

; Mion Júnior, Décio

; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte

; Nobre, Fernando

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Vilela-Martin, José Fernando

; Yugar-Toledo, Juan Carlos

; Magalhães, Maria Eliane Campos

; Neves, Mário Fritsch Toros

; Jardim, Paulo César Brandão Veiga

; Miranda, Roberto Dischinger

; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos

; Fuchs, Sandra C

; Alessi, Alexandre

; Lucena, Alexandre Jorge Gomes de

; Avezum, Alvaro

; Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima

; Pio-Abreu, Andrea

; Sposito, Andrei Carvalho

; Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo

; Paiva, Annelise Machado Gomes de

; Spinelli, Antonio Carlos de Souza

; Nogueira, Armando da Rocha

; Dinamarco, Nelson

; Eibel, Bruna

; Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes

; Zanini, Claudia Regina de Oliveira

; Souza, Cristiane Bueno de

; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de

; Nilson, Eduardo Augusto Fernandes

; Costa, Elisa Franco de Assis

; Freitas, Elizabete Viana de

; Duarte, Elizabeth da Rosa

; Muxfeldt, Elizabeth Silaid

; Lima Júnior, Emilton

; Campana, Erika Maria Gonçalves

; Cesarino, Evandro José

; Marques, Fabiana

; Argenta, Fábio

; Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda Marciano

; Baptista, Fernanda Spadotto

; Almeida, Fernando Antonio de

; Borelli, Flávio Antonio de Oliveira

; Fuchs, Flávio Danni

; Plavnik, Frida Liane

; Salles, Gil Fernando

; Feitosa, Gilson Soares

; Silva, Giovanio Vieira da

; Guerra, Grazia Maria

; Moreno Júnior, Heitor

; Finimundi, Helius Carlos

; Back, Isabela de Carlos

; Oliveira Filho, João Bosco de

; Gemelli, João Roberto

; Mill, José Geraldo

; Ribeiro, José Marcio

; Lotaif, Leda A. Daud

; Costa, Lilian Soares da

; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha

; Drager, Luciano Ferreira

; Martin, Luis Cuadrado

; Scala, Luiz César Nazário

; Almeida, Madson Q.

; Gowdak, Marcia Maria Godoy

; Klein, Marcia Regina Simas Torres

; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar

; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano

; Pinheiro, Maria Eliete

; Borba, Mario Henrique Elesbão de

; Moreira Filho, Osni

; Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo

; Coelho, Otavio Rizzi

; Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira

; Ribeiro Junior, Renault Mattos

; Esporcatte, Roberto

; Franco, Roberto

; Pedrosa, Rodrigo

; Mulinari, Rogerio Andrade

; Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de

; Okawa, Rogério Toshiro Passos

; Rosa, Ronaldo Fernandes

; Amaral, Sandra Lia do

; Ferreira-Filho, Sebastião R.

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga

; Guimarães, Vanildo

; Koch, Vera H.

; Oigman, Wille

; Nadruz, Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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mar 2021, Volume 116 N. 3 Pages 516 - 658

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201238 10948 downloads

11.

Amphibians of Serra das Torres Natural Monument: a reservoir of biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil
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Oliveira, Jane C. F.

; Santos, Rafael dos

; Barros, Lorena P. Vasconcelos

; Leite, Mateus

; Risse-Quaioto, Bárbara

; Militão, Cátia Moura

; Fatorelli, Pedro

; Belmoch, Flávia A. L.

; Pombal Jr., José P.

; Rocha, Carlos Frederico Duarte

Biota Neotropica

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2021, Volume 21 N. 3 elocation e20201085

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A Mata Atlântica brasileira guarda importante porção da riqueza de anfíbios e altas taxas de endemismos. Neste estudo, nós realizamos pesquisas usando o Método de Avaliação Rápida (RA) com o objetivo de inventariar a fauna de anfíbios de um remanescente da Mata Atlântica no sudeste do Brasil, o Monumento Natural Serra das Torres (MONAST). Amostramos ativamente com uma equipe de 6 a 10 pessoas para coletar amostras padronizadas entre 09:00 e 12:00 horas durante o peíodo diurno e entre 18:00 e 22:00 duranto período crepuscular/noturno, totalizando aproximadamente 1320 horas de esforço amostral. Complementamos estes dados com 720 horas de amostragem passiva usando armadilhas de queda com cercas-guia (30 dias de balde). Registramos 54 espécies de anfíbios (dois gimnofionos e 52 anuros) e a riqueza de espécies estimada pelo Bootstrap indicou um número relativamente maior de espécies (n = 60). A família mais especiosa foi Hylidae (n = 21), seguida por Brachycephalidae (n = 8). No geral, 25% das espécies (n = 13) foram registradas apenas uma vez - singletons e 15% (n = 8) apenas duas vezes (doubletons). A maioria dos anfíbios registrados neste estudo (71%, n = 37 espécies) esteve restrita ao bioma Mata Atlântica, duas espécies (Euparkerella robusta e Luetkenotyphlus fredi) são endêmicas do estado do Espírito Santo, sendo uma delas, a espécie de serapilheira E. robusta, endêmica do MONAST. Euparkerella robusta está atualmente listada como Vulnerável pela IUCN e classificada como Criticamente Ameaçada na lista vermelha do estado do Espírito Santo, enquanto L. fredi ainda não foi avaliada devido a sua descrição ser muito recente. Thoropa lutzi está atualmente listada como Ameaçada (EN) pela IUCN e na lista estadual. Nove espécies estão listadas como Deficiente de Dados (DD) e as populações de 13 espécies são consideradas em declínio pela IUCN. Estendemos a distribuição geográfica de duas espécies de anuros (Hylodes babax e Phasmahyla lisbella) e preenchemos uma importante lacuna na distribuição de Siphonops hardyi. Os anfíbios associados ao chão da floresta representaram 42% das espécies do MONAST e 43% destas espécies habitavam exclusivamente a serapilheira. Nosso estudo revelou que a Serra das Torres preserva diversidade considerável de anfíbios da Mata Atlântica, o que reforça a necessidade de conservação desse remanescente florestal.

Abstract The Brazilian Atlantic Forest holds a major part of the country’s amphibian species richness and high rates of endemism. In this study, we conducted surveys using the Rapid Assessment (RA) method to sample the amphibian fauna of the Serra das Torres Natural Monument (MONAST), an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. We sampled actively with a 6-10-person team to collect standard samples from 09:00 to 12:00 hours for the daytime period, and from 18:00 to 22:00 hours for the crepuscular/nighttime period, with a total of approximately 1,320 hours of sampling effort. We supplemented these data with 720 hours of passive sampling, using pitfall traps with drift fences (30 bucket-days). We recorded 54 amphibian species (two gymnophionans and 52 anurans), and the species richness estimated by the Bootstrap method indicates that a slightly larger number of species (n = 60) may occur in the study area. The most speciose family was Hylidae (n = 21), followed by Brachycephalidae (n = 8). Overall, 25% of the species (n = 13) were recorded only once (singletons) and 15% (n = 8) only twice (doubletons). Most amphibians recorded in this study (71%, n = 37 species) were restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome, two species (Euparkerella robusta and Luetkenotyphlus fredi) are endemic to the Espírito Santo state, and one of them, the leaf litter species E. robusta, is endemic to the MONAST. Euparkerella robusta is currently listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN and is classified as Critically Endangered in the Espírito Santo State red list, while L. fredi has yet to be evaluated due to its recent description. Thoropa lutzi is currently listed as Endangered (EN) by both the IUCN and in the State list. Nine species are listed as Data Deficient (DD) and populations of 13 species are considered to be declining by the IUCN. We extend the geographical distribution of two anuran species (Hylodes babax and Phasmahyla lisbella) and fill an important gap in the distribution of Siphonops hardyi. Amphibians associated with the forest floor represented 42% of the species richness from MONAST, and 43% of these species inhabit the leaf litter exclusively. Our study revealed that Serra das Torres preserves a considerable diversity of Atlantic Forest amphibians, which reinforces the need for the conservation of this forest remnant.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1085 179 downloads

12.

Differences in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cohort study in a Brazilian tertiary referral hospital
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Marques, Heloisa Helena de Sousa

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda Badue

; Santos, Angélica Carreira dos

; Fink, Thais Toledo

; Paula, Camila Sanson Yoshino de

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Schvartsman, Claudio

; Delgado, Artur Figueiredo

; Gibelli, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni

; Carvalho, Werther Brunow de

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Grisi, Sandra

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Francisco, Rossana Pucineli Vieira

; Okay, Thelma Suely

; Batisttella, Linamara Rizzo

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

; Brentani, Alexandra Valéria Maria

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Eisencraft, Adriana Pasmanik

; Rossi Junior, Alfio

; Fante, Alice Lima

; Cora, Aline Pivetta

; Reis, Amelia Gorete A. de Costa

; Ferrer, Ana Paula Scoleze

; Andrade, Anarella Penha Meirelles de

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Gonçalves, Angelina Maria Freire

; Waetge, Aurora Rosaria Pagliara

; Silva, Camila Altenfelder

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Lazari, Carolina dos Santos

; Abellan, Deipara Monteiro

; Santos, Emilly Henrique dos

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Bianchini, Fabíola Roberta Marim

; Alcantara, Flávio Ferraz de Paes

; Ramos, Gabriel Frizzo

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Rodriguez, Isadora Souza

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Carneiro, Jorge David Avaizoglou

; Paz, Jose Albino

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Ferranti, Juliana Ferreira

; Ferreira, Juliana de Oliveira Achili

; Framil, Juliana Valéria de Souza

; Silva, Katia Regina da

; Kanunfre, Kelly Aparecida

; Bastos, Karina Lucio de Medeiros

; Galleti, Karine Vusberg

; Cristofani, Lilian Maria

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Campos, Lucia Maria Arruda

; Perondi, Maria Beatriz de Moliterno

; Diniz, Maria de Fatima Rodrigues

; Fonseca, Maria Fernanda Mota

; Cordon, Mariana Nutti de Almeida

; Pissolato, Mariana

; Peres, Marina Silva

; Garanito, Marlene Pereira

; Imamura, Marta

; Dorna, Mayra de Barros

; Luglio, Michele

; Rocha, Mussya Cisotto

; Aikawa, Nadia Emi

; Degaspare, Natalia Viu

; Sakita, Neusa Keico

; Udsen, Nicole Lee

; Scudeller, Paula Gobi

; Gaiolla, Paula Vieira de Vincenzi

; Severini, Rafael da Silva Giannasi

; Rodrigues, Regina Maria

; Toma, Ricardo Katsuya

; Paula, Ricardo Iunis Citrangulo de

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Forsait, Silvana

; Farhat, Sylvia Costa Lima

; Sakano, Tânia Miyuki Shimoda

; Koch, Vera Hermina Kalika

; Cobello Junior, Vilson

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3488

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic/clinical/laboratory/treatments and outcomes among children and adolescents with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with pediatric COVID-19 (aged <18 years) between April 11, 2020 and April 22, 2021. During this period, 102/5,951 (1.7%) of all admissions occurred in neonates, children, and adolescents. Furthermore, 3,962 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection samples were processed in patients aged <18 years, and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 occurred in 155 (4%) inpatients and outpatients. Six/155 pediatric patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, the final group included 149 children and adolescents (n=97 inpatients and 52 outpatients) with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. RESULTS: The frequencies of sore throat, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, myalgia, nausea, lymphopenia, pre-existing chronic conditions, immunosuppressive conditions, and autoimmune diseases were significantly reduced in children and adolescents (p<0.05). Likewise, the frequencies of enoxaparin use (p=0.037), current immunosuppressant use (p=0.008), vasoactive agents (p=0.045), arterial hypotension (p<0.001), and shock (p=0.024) were significantly lower in children than in adolescents. Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 had increased odds ratios (ORs) for sore throat (OR 13.054; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.750-61.977; p=0.001), nausea (OR 8.875; 95% CI 1.660-47.446; p=0.011), and lymphopenia (OR 3.575; 95% CI 1.355-9.430; p=0.010), but also had less hospitalizations (OR 0.355; 95% CI 0.138-0.916; p=0.032). The additional logistic regression analysis on patients with preexisting chronic conditions (n=108) showed that death as an outcome was significantly associated with pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (OR 22.300; 95% CI 2.341-212.421; p=0.007) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (OR 11.261; 95% CI 1.189-106. 581; p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Half of the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred in adolescents. Individuals belonging to this age group had an acute systemic involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatric SARS and MIS-C were the most important factors associated with the mortality rate in pediatric chronic conditions with COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3488

13.

Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19: A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital
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Fink, Thais T.

; Marques, Heloisa H.S.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Lindoso, Livia

; Bain, Vera

; Astley, Camilla

; Martins, Fernanda

; Matheus, Denise

; Matsuo, Olivia M.

; Suguita, Priscila

; Trindade, Vitor

; Paula, Camila S.Y.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.L.

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Leal, Gabriela N.

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Duarte, Alberto José S.

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Batisttella, Linamara R.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto R.

; Buchpiguel, Carlos A.

; Latronico, Ana Claudia

; Seelaender, Marilia

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda B.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Brentani, Alexandra V. M.

; Neto, Álvaro José S.

; Ihara, Amanda

; Santos, Andrea R.

; Canton, Ana Pinheiro M.

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Santos, Angélica C. dos

; Pastorino, Antonio C.

; Franco, Bernadette D. G. M.

; Caruzo, Bruna

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Martins, Carolina C. M. F.

; Prado, Danilo

; Abellan, Deipara M.

; Benatti, Fabiana B.

; Smaria, Fabiana

; Gonçalves, Fernanda T.

; Penteado, Fernando D.

; Castro, Gabriela S. F. de

; Gonçalves, Guilherme S.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Disi, Ilana R.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Castro, Inar A.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Faiad, Jaline Z.

; Fiamoncini, Jarlei

; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.

; Carneiro, Jorge D. A.

; Paz, Jose A.

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Silva, Katia R.

; Bastos, Karina L. M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Cristofani, Lilian M.

; Souza, Lucas V. B.

; Campos, Lucia M. A.

; Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente R. F.

; Sapienza, Marcelo T.

; Lima, Marcos S.

; Garanito, Marlene P.

; Santos, Márcia F. A.

; Dorna, Mayra B.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Gaiolla, Paula V. V.

; Pasqualucci, Paula

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Correa-Silva, Simone

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Imamura, Marta

; Forsait, Silvana

; Santos, Vera A.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3511

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate demographic, anthropometric and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) METHODS: This was a longitudinal observational study of surviving pediatric post-COVID-19 patients (n=53) and pediatric subjects without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 included as controls (n=52) was performed. RESULTS: The median duration between COVID-19 diagnosis (n=53) and follow-up was 4.4 months (0.8-10.7). Twenty-three of 53 (43%) patients reported at least one persistent symptom at the longitudinal follow-up visit and 12/53 (23%) had long COVID-19, with at least one symptom lasting for >12 weeks. The most frequently reported symptoms at the longitudinal follow-up visit were headache (19%), severe recurrent headache (9%), tiredness (9%), dyspnea (8%), and concentration difficulty (4%). At the longitudinal follow-up visit, the frequencies of anemia (11% versus 0%, p=0.030), lymphopenia (42% versus 18%, p=0.020), C-reactive protein level of >30 mg/L (35% versus 0%, p=0.0001), and D-dimer level of >1000 ng/mL (43% versus 6%, p=0.0004) significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chest X-ray abnormalities (11% versus 2%, p=0.178) and cardiac alterations on echocardiogram (33% versus 22%, p=0.462) were similar at both visits. Comparison of characteristic data between patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit and controls showed similar age (p=0.962), proportion of male sex (p=0.907), ethnicity (p=0.566), family minimum monthly wage (p=0.664), body mass index (p=0.601), and pediatric pre-existing chronic conditions (p=1.000). The Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory 4.0 scores, median physical score (69 [0-100] versus 81 [34-100], p=0.012), and school score (60 [15-100] versus 70 [15-95], p=0.028) were significantly lower in pediatric patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed a longitudinal impact on HRQoL parameters, particularly in physical/school domains, reinforcing the need for a prospective multidisciplinary approach for these patients. These data highlight the importance of closer monitoring of children and adolescents by the clinical team after COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3511

14.

Rodent helminths in fragmented Atlantic Forest areas in the western region of the state of Paraná
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Benatti, Danise

; Andrietti, Luis Felipe

; Cândido Júnior, José Flávio

; Vogliotti, Alexandre

; Moraes, Marcela Figueirêdo Duarte

; Tebaldi, José Hairton

; Hoppe, Estevam Guilherme Lux

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 N. 3 elocation e009521

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Roedores são pequenos mamíferos que podem ser parasitados por uma diversidade de helmintos. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e descrever os indicadores ecológicos de infecção por helmintos, em roedores capturados em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica, na região Oeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Sessenta e oito animais foram coletados, necropsiados e inspecionados em busca de helmintos. Os parasitas foram armazenados em etanol 70%, identificados morfologicamente e contados para o cálculo dos indicadores de infecção. Quatorze espécies de helmintos e uma espécie de crustáceo foram registradas: dez em Akodon montensis, quatro em Mus musculus, duas em Thaptomys nigrita, duas em Oligoryzomys nigripes e uma em Euryoryzomys russatus. As espécies de parasitas registradas foram: Rodentolepis akodontis, Angiostrongylus sp., Protospirura numidica criceticola, Trichuris navonae, Syphacia alata, Syphacia criceti, Syphacia evaginata, Trichofreitasia lenti, Stilestrongylus aculeata, Stilestrongylus eta, Stilestrongylus gracielae, Stilestrongylus franciscanus, Stilestrongylus moreli, Stilestrongylus sp., e Pentastomida gen. sp. Uma correlação positiva entre a intensidade parasitária de T. navonae e T. lenti foi observada com o índice de condição corporal do hospedeiro A. montensis. Para todas as espécies, este estudo representa um novo registro de localidade, e para oito delas um novo hospedeiro.

Abstract Rodents are small mammals that can be parasitized by various helminths. This study aimed to identify and describe the ecological indicators of infection in rodents captured in fragments of the Atlantic Forest in the western region of Paraná State, Brazil. Sixty-eight specimens of five rodent species were collected, necropsied, and inspected in search of helminths. The parasites were stored in 70% ethanol, morphologically identified, and counted for calculation of infection indicators. Fourteen species of helminths and one species of Crustacea were recorded: ten in Akodon montensis, four in Mus musculus, two in Thaptomys nigrita, two in Oligoryzomys nigripes, and one in Euryoryzomys russatus. The registered species of parasites were: Rodentolepis akodontis, Angiostrongylus sp., Protospirura numidica criceticola, Trichuris navonae, Syphacia alata, Syphacia criceti, Syphacia evaginata, Trichofreitasia lenti, Stilestrongylus aculeata, Stilestrongylus eta, Stilestrongylus gracielae, Stilestrongylus franciscanus, Stilestrongylus moreli, Stilestrongylus sp., and Pentastomida gen. sp. A positive correlation between the intensity of infection of T. navonae and T. lenti was observed with the body condition index of the host A. montensis. For all species, this study represents a new register of locality, and for eight of them a new host.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021058 131 downloads

15.

Plan institucional de evaluación de aprendizajes en la Universidad Europea de Madrid
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Jiménez-García, Eva

; Redondo-Duarte, Sara

; Ruiz-Rosillo, María A.

; Rodríguez-Martín, Juan José

Formación universitaria

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dec 2020, Volume 13 N. 6 Pages 119 - 128

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: The present study describes the institutional learning assessment plan at the Universidad Europea de Madrid. It describes the development and assessment model for course learning outcomes. The plan aims to promote a culture of systematic acquisition assessment of student learning outcomes. This favours the continuous improvement of the teaching-learning process. A backward curriculum design model is applied to 1,652 courses. Learning outcomes, training activities, and the evaluation system are triangulated. Based on the results of the plan’s implementation, it is emphasized that the institutionalization of a learning assessment plan contributes to foster assessment culture and to improve higher education institutions. It is concluded that the plan’s approach presented here allows assessing student-learning outcomes systematically.

Resumen: El presente estudio describe el plan institucional de evaluación de aprendizajes de la Universidad Europea de Madrid, describe su modelo de desarrollo y evaluación de los resultados de aprendizaje de las asignaturas. El plan pretende impulsar una cultura de evaluación sistemática de la adquisición de los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes para favorecer la mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se utiliza el modelo de diseño curricular inverso y se triangulan los resultados de aprendizaje, las actividades formativas y el sistema de evaluación de 1.652 asignaturas. Basado en los resultados de la implementación del plan, se señala que la institucionalización de un plan de evaluación de aprendizajes contribuye a fomentar la cultura de la evaluación y mejora las instituciones de educación superior. Se concluye que este plan permite abordar la evaluación de los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de forma sistemática.

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