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Connaraceae is a plant family usually used in traditional medicine. Recently, we have reported the chemical composition and biological activity of 39 species around the world. This work highlights the application of these species to diabetes control, which has been reported at least to half of this family. In this line, there are several species of the Connaraceae without scientific evidence of traditional use, among these the four species study here. Thus, this work aims the chemical composition prospection of Connarus blanchetii, Connarus regnellii, Connarus suberosus and Rourea glazioui, as well as the identification of possible bioactivity. The leaves of these four species were collected, prepared and submitted to different extractive methods (aqueous decoction and infusion and ethanolic maceration), these being tested in a preliminary phytochemical investigation and subjected to antioxidant assay with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Then, we selected the maceration extract to continue for fractions, with the ethyl acetate and n-butanol presenting the best results with antioxidant and anti-advanced glycation end products (AGEs) activity potential. Finally, the chemical composition was determinate by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in combination with Global Natural Products Service (GNPS) data bank. As a result, this study indicated the presence of 29 phenolics compounds with reported activity as antioxidant and with potential of protein glycation, supported the diabetes activity of this plants. The n-butanolic fraction of R. glazioui showed compounds such as apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin and chlorogenic acid, which have generated a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 36.5 µg mL 1 for oxidative glycation inhibition, being highlighted as the most active.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230070

Silicon as resistance inducer to control black apphid Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 in cowpea beans [Vigna unguiculata (L.)] Walp.
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Portela, Gilson Lages Fortes

; Silva, Paulo Roberto Ramalho

; Pádua, Luiz Evaldo de Moura

; Girão Filho, José Edimir

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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2023, Volume 90 elocation e00282021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The black aphid Aphis craccivora (Koch, 1854) stands out between the bugs considered cowpea pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of silicon application on the resistance induction of cowpea plants to the black aphid A. craccivora. The experiment was conducted in the Entomology Laboratory of the Phytosanitary sector of the Centro de Ciências Agrárias at the Universidade Federal do Piauí. The effects of the application of silicon on biological aspects were evaluated using a completely randomized design, with four treatments and 40 repetitions, being: silicon in soil (T1), silicon in soil + leaf (T2), silicone leaf (T3), and control (T4). The following biological variables were evaluated: generation period, reproductive period, fecundity, and daily average of nymphs per female. The silicon and lignin contents were also evaluated in the plants. The silicic acid was applied in a 1% solution around the stem of the plants (soil), 15 days after emergence, by diluting 2 g of the product in 200 mL of water. However, the leaf application was carried out with sprayer five days after application in soil. The non-preference of A. craccivora on bean was also evaluated. The evaluations were performed after 24, 48 and 72 hours of infestation by counting nymphs at 24, 48 and 72 hours and adults at each leaf session. The application of silicon promotes the reduction of the production of nymphs, interfering in the biological aspects of A. craccivora, and has potential to be used in a cowpea pest management program in cowpea.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000282021

Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 e Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) associados a Eucalyptus spp.
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Moura, Ana Cristina Torres

; França, Solange Maria de

; Breda, Mariana Oliveira

; Carvalho, Regina Célia Zonta de

; Ferraz, José Claudio Barros

; Silva, Paulo Roberto Ramalho

Ciência Florestal

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dec 2022, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 2404 - 2418

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The process of producing eucalyptus seedlings hosts a complex of arthropods, which can highlight sucking insects, such as aphids. The aim was to study aphids on seedlings and mini-stumps in a clonal mini-garden of eucalyptus in Brazil, through their identification, studies of population growth and host preference of these insects in different species of eucalyptus. In this study, it is registered, for the first time in Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil, the species Aphis gossypii Glover 1887 and Aphis spiraecola Patch 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Aphid colonies were observed in April and March 2018 infesting Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus brassiana seedlings in the greenhouse of the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), in Teresina, Piauí; and in a clonal mini-garden of Eucalyptus spp. from the PlantBem seedling production nursery in Monsenhor Gil, Piauí. The population growth of Aphis spiraecola was evaluated using the instantaneous growth rate (ri) in six species of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus brassiana, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus tereticornis e Corymbia citriodora), as well as the aphid host preference for these species was tested through a choice test. Only in Corymbia citriodora there was no population growth of Aphis spiraecola. Aphis spiraecola showed less host preference for Corymbia citriodora, while Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus urophylla were the preferred species. This is the first record of Aphis gossypii in a clonal mini-garden of eucalyptus and of Aphis spiraecola in seedlings of Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil.

Resumo No processo de produção de mudas de eucalipto ocorre um complexo de artrópodes, podendo destacar os insetos sugadores, como pulgões. Objetivou-se estudar pulgões em mudas e minicepas em minijardim clonal de eucalipto no Brasil, através de sua identificação, estudos de crescimento populacional e preferência hospedeira desses insetos em diferentes espécies de eucalipto. Neste estudo registra-se, pela primeira vez em Eucalyptus spp. no Brasil, as espécies Aphis gossypii Glover, 1887 e Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Colônias de pulgões foram observadas em abril e março de 2018 infestando mudas de Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell e Eucalyptus brassiana S.T. Blake na casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), em Teresina, Piauí; e em minijardim clonal de Eucalyptus spp. do viveiro de produção de mudas PlantBem, em Monsenhor Gil, Piauí. O crescimento populacional de Aphis spiraecola foi avaliado através da utilização da taxa instantânea de crescimento (ri) em seis espécies de eucalipto (Eucalyptus pellita, Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, Eucalyptus brassiana, Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake, Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith e Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson), assim como foi testada a preferência hospedeira do pulgão por essas espécies através de teste com chance de escolha. Apenas em Corymbia citriodora não houve crescimento populacional de A. spiraecola. Aphis spiraecola demonstrou menor preferência hospedeira por Corymbia citriodora, enquanto as espécies Eucalyptus pellita e Eucalyptus urophylla foram as preferidas. Este é o primeiro registro de Aphis gossypii em minijardim clonal de eucalipto e de Aphis spiraecola em mudas de Eucalyptus spp. no Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509854632

Characterization of insect-specific Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) nucleotide sequences in mosquitoes from urban parks in São Paulo, Brazil
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Coletti, Thaís de Moura

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Urbinatti, Paulo Roberto

; Teixeira, Renildo Souza

; Pedrosa, Leila Weiss de Almeida

; Nardi, Marcello Schiavo

; Natal, Delsio

; Costa, Antônio Charlys da

; Jesus, Jaqueline Goes de

; Claro, Ingra Morales

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Witkin, Steven S.

; Marrelli, Mauro Toledo

; Fernandes, Licia Natal

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0067-2022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Despite their worldwide occurrence, the distribution and role of insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) remain unclear. Methods: We evaluated the presence of ISFs in mosquitoes collected in São Paulo, Brazil, using reverse transcription and semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Some of the positive samples were subjected to nanopore sequencing. Results: Twelve mosquito pools (2.8%) tested positive for flavivirus infection. Nanopore sequencing was successfully performed on six samples. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these sequences into genotype 2 of Culex flavivirus (CxFV). Conclusions: The identification of CxFV genotype 2 at new locations in São Paulo highlights the importance of understanding the role of ISFs in mosquito vector competence.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0067-2022

Cobertura de plano de saúde no Brasil: análise dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013 e 2019
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Souza Júnior, Paulo Roberto Borges de

; Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann

; Damacena, Giseli Nogueira

; Stopa, Sheila Rizzato

; Vieira, Maria Lúcia França Pontes

; Almeida, Wanessa da Silva de

; Oliveira, Max Moura de

; Sardinha, Luciana Monteiro Vasconcelos

; Macário, Eduardo Marques

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jun 2021, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 Pages 2529 - 2541

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este artigo objetivou descrever a cobertura de plano de saúde no Brasil. Foram analisados dados das edições de 2013 e 2019 da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. A cobertura de plano de saúde médico ou odontológico foi analisada segundo características sociodemográficas, econômicas, de trabalho, situação censitária e Unidade da Federação. A cobertura de plano de saúde médico ou odontológico foi 27,9% (IC95%: 27,1-28,8) para 2013 e 28,5% (IC95%: 27,8-29,2) para 2019. Os resultados mostram que a cobertura continua concentrada nos grandes centros urbanos, nas regiões Sudeste e Sul, entre aqueles com melhor nível socioeconômico e aqueles que possuem algum vínculo de trabalho formal. Em 2019, dentre os trabalhadores formalizados, somente 30,7% relatou que o pagamento da mensalidade é feito diretamente a operadora, sendo 72,7% dentre os trabalhadores informais. Cerca de 92% dos planos de saúde médico cobrem internação e dentre as mulheres com plano de saúde, quase 20% delas não possuem cobertura para o parto. Apenas 11,7% das mulheres com idade entre 15 e 44 anos possuem cobertura para o parto através do plano de saúde. Os resultados mostram que a cobertura por plano de saúde mantém-se bastante desigual, reforçando a importância do Sistema Único de Saúde para a população brasileira.

Abstract This paper aimed to describe health insurance coverage in Brazil. Data from the 2013 and 2019 editions of the National Health Survey (PNS) were analyzed. The medical or dental health insurance coverage was analyzed according to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, work status, urban/rural area, and Federation Unit. Coverage of medical or dental health insurance was 27.9% (95% CI: 27.1-28.8) for 2013 and 28.5% (95% CI: 27.8-29.2) for 2019. The results show coverage is still concentrated in large urban centers, in the Southeast and South, among those with better socioeconomic status and some formal employment. In 2019, only 30.7% of formal workers reported the monthly payment is made directly to the providers, while 72.7% of informal workers reported this information. About 92% of medical health insurance covers hospitalization, and almost 20% of women with health insurance are not covered for labor. Only 11.7% of women aged between 15 and 44 are covered for childbirth by health insurance. The results show the health insurance coverage is still quite unequal, reinforcing the Unified Health System (SUS) importance for the Brazilian population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021266.1.43532020

Cobertura de plano de saúde no Brasil: análise dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013 e 2019
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Souza Júnior, Paulo Roberto Borges de

; Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann

; Damacena, Giseli Nogueira

; Stopa, Sheila Rizzato

; Vieira, Maria Lúcia França Pontes

; Almeida, Wanessa da Silva de

; Oliveira, Max Moura de

; Sardinha, Luciana Monteiro Vasconcelos

; Macário, Eduardo Marques

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jun 2021, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 Pages 2529 - 2541

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021266.1.43532020 732 downloads

[SciELO Preprints] - Letter to the Scientific Community: Brazil in face of the new SARS-CoV-2 variants
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Marquitti, Flavia Maria Darcie Coutinho, Renato Mendes Ferreira, Leonardo Souto Borges, Marcelo Eduardo Portella, Tatiana P Silva, Rafael Lopes Paixão da Canton, Otavio Poloni, Silas Franco, Caroline Coelho, Verônica Barberia, Lorena Bolle, Monica de Boing, Alexandra Crispim Donalisio , Maria Rita Boing, Antonio Fernando Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da Prado, Paulo Inácio Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena Kraenkel, Roberto

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Publication date: 2021-03-23

Abstract: En Pt

This letter discusses the epidemic situation of Covid-19 in Brazil, in the face of the emergence of a new strain, called P1, more transmissible and with possible associated reinfection. Given the collapse of hospital care in Manaus in January 2021 and the results of three recent preprints, all of which found increased transmissibility of the P.1 variant, we propose some urgent actions: the establishment of genomic surveillance based on multi-step diagnostics, starting with RT-PCR type tests to sequencing; an immediate effort to identify reinfections associated with the new variant, updating its definition protocols; and studies on the efficacy of currently available vaccines in Brazil in respect to the new variant. We also propose the improvement of the Brazilian health surveillance system, which should be articulated with genomic surveillance, in order to respond more timely to future emergencies. We call on the public agents involved in health surveillance to share data and information regarding the epidemic in a clear, fast and transparent way. Finally, we propose a greater engagement in inter-institutional cooperation of all those involved in the response and production of knowledge about the pandemic in our country.

Esta carta discute a situação epidêmica da Covid-19 no Brasil frente aoaparecimento de uma nova linhagem, chamada P1, mais transmissível e compossível re-infecção associada. Tendo em vista o colapso do atendimentohospitalar em Manaus em janeiro de 2021 e os resultados de três preprintsrecentes, todos encontrando maior transmissibilidade da variante P.1, propomos algumas ações urgentes: o estabelecimento de uma vigilância genômica baseada em diagnóstico em múltiplos passos, iniciando com os testes do tipo RT-PCR até o sequenciamento; um esforço imediato na identificação de re-infecções associadas à nova variante, atualizando os seus protocolos de definição; e estudos sobre a eficácia das vacinas atualmente disponíveis no Brasil na vigência da nova variante. Propomos, ademais, o aprimoramento do sistema de vigilância em saúde brasileiro, que seja articulado com a vigilância genômica, de forma a responder mais oportunamente a emergências futuras. Chamamos os agentes públicos implicados na vigilância em saúde para que compartilhem dados e informações referentes à epidemia de forma clara, rápida e transparente. Finalmente propomos um maior engajamento na cooperação inter-institucional de todos os envolvidos na resposta e produção de conhecimento sobre a pandemia em nosso país.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.2001

Implications for Clinical Practice from a Multicenter Survey of Heart Failure Management Centers
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Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Moreira, Henrique Turin

; Nakamuta, Juliana Sanajotti

; Simões, Marcus Vinicius

; Casas, Alberto de Almeida Las

; Costa, Altamiro Reis da

; Assis, Amberson Vieira de

; Durães, André Rodrigues

; Pereira-Barretto, Antonio Carlos

; Ravessa, Antonio Delduque de Araujo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Biselli, Bruno

; Pinto, Carolina Maria Nogueira

; Filho, Conrado Roberto Hoffmann

; Costantini, Costantino Roberto

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Santos Jr, Edval Gomes dos

; Soliva Junior, Erwin

; Figueiredo, Estevão Lanna

; Albuquerque, Felipe Neves de

; Paulitsch, Felipe

; Neuenschwander, Fernando Carvalho

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Brito, Flavio de Souza

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Sepulveda, João Mariano

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Vilela-Martin, José F.

; Cardoso, Juliano Novaes

; Uemura, Laercio

; Moura, Lidia Zytynski

; Maia, Lilia Nigro

; Oliveira, Lucia Brandão de

; Maia, Lucimir

; Silva, Luís Beck da

; Gowdak, Luís Henrique Wolff

; Danzmann, Luiz Claudio

; Andrade, Marcus

; Braile-Sternieri, Maria Christiane Valeria Braga

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; França Neto, Olimpio R

; Filho, Otavio Rizzi Coelho

; Esteves, Paulo Frederico

; Raupp-da-Rosa, Priscila

; Silva, Ricardo Jorge de Queiroz e

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Viégas, Ruy Felipe Melo

; Rassi, Salvador

; Mangili, Sandrigo

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Martins, Silvia Marinho

; Kawabata, Vitor Sergio

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e1991

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e1991 870 downloads

VULNERABILIDADES, RISCOS E JUSTIÇA AMBIENTAL EM ESCALA MACRO METROPOLITANA
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Canil, Katia

; Moura, Rodolfo Baêsso

; Sulaiman, Samia Nascimento

; Torres, Pedro Henrique Campello

; Abreu Netto, Anna Luisa

; Jacobi, Pedro Roberto

Mercator (Fortaleza)

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2021, Volume 20 elocation e20003

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo O processo histórico de (des)organização socioespacial e as dinâmicas da Macrometrópole Paulista (MMP) apresentam uma diversidade de situações de riscos ambientais urbanos, entendidos como “disfunções” com potencialidade de gerar processos causadores de perdas e danos às pessoas, bens e infraestruturas. A construção social dos riscos, relacionada à gestão insustentável do ambiente urbano, tem, na sua face mais perversa, a proliferação e perpetuação de situações de exclusão de grupos vulneráveis, vítimas da segregação socioespacial que restringe as populações mais pobres aos fundos de vale, às várzeas alagáveis e às encostas mais íngremes. Portanto, propomos uma revisão das relações entre meio físico e infraestrutura no âmbito da gestão urbana e a territorialização dos conflitos socioespaciais ligados à justiça ambiental, considerando a complexidade na MMP e as disparidades municipais.

Abstract The historical process of socio-spatial (dis)organization and the dynamics of the Paulista Macrometropolis (MMP) present a great diversity of situations of urban environmental risks, understood as “dysfunctions” with the potential to generate processes that cause loss and damage to people, surrounding goods and infrastructures. The social construction of risks, linked to the unsustainable management of the urban environment, has, on its most perverse face, the proliferation and perpetuation of vulnerable groups situations of exclusion, victims of socio-spatial segregation that restrict the poorest populations to valley floors, floodplains and the steepest slopes. Therefore, we propose a review of the relationship between the physical environment and infrastructure on urban management and the territorialization of socio-spatial conflicts related to environmental justice, considering the complexity of the MMP and the municipal disparities.

Resumen El proceso histórico de (des)organización socioespacial y las dinámicas de la Macrometrópolis Paulista (MMP) presentan una gran diversidad de situaciones de riesgos ambientales urbanos, entendidos como “disfunciones” con potencial de generar procesos que causan pérdidas y daños a las personas, bienes e infraestructuras. La construcción social de los riesgos, conectada a la gestión insostenible del ambiente urbano, tiene en su perfil más perverso la proliferación y perpetuidad de situaciones de exclusión de grupos vulnerables, víctimas de la segregación socioespacial que limita las poblaciones más pobres a residir en fondos de valles, áreas inundables y pendientes. Por lo tanto, proponemos una revisión de las relaciones entre medio físico e infraestructura en el ámbito de la gestión urbana y la territorialización de los conflictos socio espaciales conectados a la justicia ambiental, en el contexto de complejidad de la MMP y las disparidades municipales.

https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2021.e20003 571 downloads

10.

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from Paraná state, South Brazil: prevalence and associated factors
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Romanelli, Paulo Roberto

; Matos, Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de

; Pinto-Ferreira, Fernanda

; Caldart, Eloiza Teles

; Carmo, João Lucas Moura do

; Santos, Nathalia Gomes dos

; Silva, Natalia Ribeiro da

; Loeffler, Barbara Barcellos

; Sanches, João Fernando Zamariola

; Francisquini, Luiza Schumacher

; Romanelli, Micheline Sahyun

; Minho, Alessandro Pelegrine

; Cavalcante, Antônio Cezar Rocha

; Pierre, Elzira Jorge

; Sobezak, Claudio Cesar

; Freire, Roberta Lemos

; Mitsuka-Breganó, Regina

; Navarro, Italmar Teodorico

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 N. 1 elocation e023220

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a soroprevalência e os fatores de risco associados à presença de anticorpos contra Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em ovinos do Paraná. A detecção dos anticorpos para T. gondii e N. caninum foi realizada, usando-se testes de ELISA indireto caseiro e comercial, respectivamente. A análise de regressão logística múltipla foi usada para verificar os fatores de risco associados à soroprevalência. Anticorpos anti-T. gondii e anti-N. caninum foram observados em 42,7% e em 17,6% dos animais, respectivamente. Os fatores de proteção associados à soropositividade foram “algum nível de confinamento (confinamento ou semiextensivo)” (OR=0,53) para T. gondii e “presença de mão de obra especializada” para N. caminum (OR=0,64). Os fatores de risco foram “presença de gatos” para T. gondii (OR=1,75) e “alimentação de cães com resíduos placentários” (OR=1,79) para N. caninum. Além de apresentar uma significante e simultânea soroprevalência para ambos os agentes (9,9% dos animais), os resultados também indicam que as deficiências em gestão e saneamento ambiental, a presença de reservatórios e os tipos de exploração favorecem a soropositividade. Dessa forma, estudos como estes podem auxiliar em programas sanitários e políticas públicas para a prevenção de T. gondii e N. caninum nos rebanhos ovinos do Paraná.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and factors associated with the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from Paraná state. The detection of antibodies for T. gondii and N. caninum was performed by homemade and commercial indirect ELISA, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to verify the factors associated with the seroprevalence. Antibodies anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum were observed in 42.7% and in 17.6% of the animals, respectively. The protective factors associated to seropositive were “some level of confinement” (full or semi-extensive confinement) (OR=0.53) for T. gondii and “use of skilled labor” (OR=0.64) for N. caninum. The risk factors were “presence of cats” (OR=1.75) for T. gondii and “feeding of dogs with sheep placental remains” (OR=1.79) for N. caninum. In addition, to presenting a significant and simultaneous seroprevalence for both agents (9.9% of the animals), the results also indicate that deficiencies in management and environmental sanitation, the presence of reservoirs, and types of exploitation enhance the seropositivity. Thus, studies like this might support sanitary programs and public policies for the prevention of T. gondii and N. caninum in the sheep herds of Paraná state.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021021 249 downloads

11.

Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the use of JAK inhibitors in the management of rheumatoid arthritis
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Bonfiglioli, Karina Rossi

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique da

; Ribeiro, Ana Cristina de Medeiros

; Kakehasi, Adriana Maria

; Laurindo, Ieda Maria Magalhães

; Giorgi, Rina Dalva Neubarth

; Duarte, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto

; Reis, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides

; Souza, Mariana Peixoto Guimarães Ubirajara e Silva de

; Brenol, Claiton Viegas

; Pinheiro, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar

; Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires de

; Castro, Charlles Heldan de Moura

; Pinto, Gustavo Luiz Behrens

; Verztman, Jose Fernando

; Muniz, Luciana Feitosa

; Bertolo, Manoel Barros

; Pinto, Maria Raquel da Costa

; Louzada Júnior, Paulo

; Cruz, Vitor Alves

; Pereira, Ivanio Alves

; Freitas, Max Vitor Carioca de

; Cruz, Bóris Afonso

; Paiva, Eduardo

; Monticielo, Odirlei

; Provenza, José Roberto

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

Advances in Rheumatology

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2021, Volume 61 elocation 70

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease that can cause irreversible joint deformities, with increased morbidity and mortality and a significant impact on the quality of life of the affected individual. The main objective of RA treatment is to achieve sustained clinical remission or low disease activity. However, up to 40% of patients do not respond to available treatments, including bDMARDs. New therapeutic targets for RA are emerging, such as Janus kinases (JAKs). These are essential for intracellular signaling (via JAK-STAT) in response to many cytokines involved in RA immunopathogenesis. JAK inhibitors (JAKi) have established themselves as a highly effective treatment, gaining increasing space in the therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of RA. The current recommendations aim to present a review of the main aspects related to the efficacy and safety of JAKis in RA patients, and to update the recommendations and treatment algorithm proposed by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology in 2017.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-021-00228-x

12.

Cytotoxic Effects of Diclofenac and Ibuprofen Zinc (II)-Nicotinamide Ternary Complexes in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
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Silva, Emanuelle Fraga da

; Santos, Paulo Roberto dos

; Fernandes, Krist Helen Antunes

; Freitas, Deise do Nascimento de

; Zanin, Rafael Fernandes

; Machado, Pablo

; Moura, Sidnei

; Souza, Ana Paula Duarte de

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2021, Volume 64 elocation e21210019

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Breast cancer is one of the leading types of cancer worldwide, and the search for new treatment options are crucial. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) -specially ibuprofen and diclofenac-, have shown antitumoral effect against several types of cancer. The synthesis of organometallic compounds has shown significant improvements in pharmacological properties and efficacy of organic molecules. Two zinc II ternary complexes containing the NSAIDs diclofenac and ibuprofen and nicotinamide neutral linker (Nic) were obtained by the two-step solvent metalligand complexation method. The compounds Zn2(Diclof)4(Nic)2 (complex 1) and Zn2(Ibup)4(Nic)2 (complex 2) were tested in breast cancer cell lines (4T1, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) to evaluate their cytotoxicity, comparing to ibuprofen and diclofenac as controls. We found that both complex 1 and 2 exerted more than 60% reduction in 4T1 viability at 250µM, and complex 2 decreased cell viability at 250 µM and 137.5 µM in MCF-7 (34.35% and 26.42% reduction, respectively) and in MDA-MB-231 (57.2% and 22.88% reduction, respectively), all compared to controls. Complex 1 was selective only in MCF-7, and complex 2 was selective in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. In summary, our data showed that the cytotoxic effect of complex 1 and 2 is increased comparing to their original NSAID in different breast cancer cell lines, highlighting their potential anti-tumoral activity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2021210019 1 downloads

13.

Mechanical Damage Assessment of GFRP Rebars with Different Resins due to Hydrothermal Aging
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Moura, Ruan Carlos de Araújo

; Ribeiro, Daniel Véras

; Lima, Paulo Roberto Lopes

Materials Research

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2021, Volume 24 N. 5 elocation e20210172

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study investigates the effect of hydrothermal aging on the properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars manufactured with isophthalic polyester or vinylester resin and glass fiber type E. The GFRP rebars were immersed in an alkaline solution (pH 12.6) for 1000 h at different temperatures (23 and 60 ºC), and their deterioration was evaluated based on microstructural and chemical changes (using SEM, DSC, XRF, and FTIR techniques), moisture absorption, and variation in mechanical properties. The results indicated an increase in the presence of voids and water absorption of the rebars with accelerated aging, with a reduction in the glass transition temperature of the resin and alteration of the chemical composition of the glass fiber. The comparison between the experimental results indicates that the rebars with matrix in vinylester resin present greater chemical resistance than the rebars with a polyester matrix. The degradation of the rebar also resulted in a reduction of approximately 6% in the tensile strength of the rebar and 2% in the modulus of elasticity. Using the damage model, it was possible to identify that the reduction in mechanical strength was associated with the simultaneous degradation of the resin and glass fiber due to the alkaline attack.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0172 122 downloads

14.

Brazil in the face of new SARS-CoV-2 variants: emergencies and challenges in public health
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Marquitti, Flavia Maria Darcie

; Coutinho, Renato Mendes

; Ferreira, Leonardo Souto

; Borges, Marcelo Eduardo

; Portella, Tatiana Pineda

; Silva, Rafael Lopes Paixão da

; Canton, Otavio

; Poloni, Silas

; Franco, Caroline

; Coelho, Verônica

; Barberia, Lorena

; Bolle, Monica de

; Boing, Alexandra Crispim

; Donalisio, Maria Rita

; Boing, Antonio Fernando

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

; Prado, Paulo Inácio

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

; Kraenkel, Roberto André

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e210022

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Este artigo discute a situação epidêmica da COVID-19 no Brasil diante do aparecimento de uma nova linhagem, chamada P.1, mais transmissível e com possível reinfecção associada. Tendo em vista o colapso do atendimento hospitalar em Manaus em janeiro de 2021 e os resultados de três preprints recentes, dos quais todos encontraram maior transmissibilidade da variante P.1, propomos algumas ações urgentes: o estabelecimento de uma vigilância genômica baseada em diagnóstico em múltiplos passos, iniciando com os testes do tipo transcrição reversa seguida de reação em cadeia da polimerase (RT-PCR) até o sequenciamento; um esforço imediato na identificação de reinfecções associadas à nova variante, com a atualização dos protocolos de definição; e estudos sobre a eficácia das vacinas disponíveis no Brasil na vigência da nova variante. Propomos, ademais, o aprimoramento do sistema de vigilância em saúde brasileiro para que seja articulado com a vigilância genômica, de forma a responder mais oportunamente a emergências futuras. Chamamos os agentes públicos implicados na vigilância em saúde para que compartilhem dados e informações referentes à epidemia de forma clara, rápida e transparente. Finalmente propomos maior engajamento na cooperação interinstitucional de todos os envolvidos na resposta e produção de conhecimento sobre a pandemia em nosso país.

ABSTRACT: This article discusses the epidemic situation of Covid-19 in Brazil, in the face of the emergence of a new strain called P.1, which is more transmissible and may be associated with reinfection. Given the collapse of hospital care in Manaus in January 2021 and the results of three recent preprints, each that reports increased transmissibility of the P.1 variant, we propose some urgent measures. Genomic surveillance based on multi-step diagnostics, starting with RT-PCR type tests and up to sequencing, should be established. Efforts to identify reinfections associated with this variant and the update of its definition in protocols should be prioritized, and studies on the efficacy of currently available vaccines in Brazil concerning the new variant should be conducted. We also propose improving the Brazilian health surveillance system such that genomic surveillance is coordinated and thereby better able to respond to future emergencies in a more timely fashion. We call on the public agents involved in health surveillance to share data and information regarding the epidemic in a clear, fast and transparent way. Finally, we propose a greater engagement in inter-institutional cooperation of all those involved in the response and production of knowledge about the pandemic in our country.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210022

15.

Brazil in the face of new SARS-CoV-2 variants: emergencies and challenges in public health
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Marquitti, Flavia Maria Darcie

; Coutinho, Renato Mendes

; Ferreira, Leonardo Souto

; Borges, Marcelo Eduardo

; Portella, Tatiana Pineda

; Silva, Rafael Lopes Paixão da

; Canton, Otavio

; Poloni, Silas

; Franco, Caroline

; Coelho, Verônica

; Barberia, Lorena

; Bolle, Monica de

; Boing, Alexandra Crispim

; Donalisio, Maria Rita

; Boing, Antonio Fernando

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

; Prado, Paulo Inácio

; Veras, Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena

; Kraenkel, Roberto André

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e210022

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210022 1287 downloads

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