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Abstract The aim of the present study was to translate into Spanish and evaluate the psychometric evidence of the Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL) applied to a sample of Peruvian older adults ( N = 298; 58.1% women, 41.9% men, mean age 65.34 years [SD = 11.33]). The study used techniques from the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). The findings confirmed the single factor structure of the COV19-QoL, high internal consistency reliability, measurement invariance by gender, and all items demonstrated adequate discrimination and difficulty indices. In this sense, the items allow adequate discrimination between low, medium and high levels of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life. In addition, a greater perceived impact of the pandemic on quality of life is necessary to answer the higher response options of the COV19-QoL. In conclusion, the COV19-QoL is a valid measurement scale of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of Peruvian older adults.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00256-0

Cross-cultural invariance of the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Assessment Scorecard to measure the perception of government actions against COVID-19 in Latin America
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Caycho-Rodríguez, Tomás

; Valencia, Pablo D.

; Ventura-León, José

; Carbajal-León, Carlos

; Vilca, Lindsey W.

; Reyes-Bossio, Mario

; Delgado-Campusano, Mariel

; Yupanqui-Lorenzo, Daniel E.

; Paredes-Angeles, Rubí

; Rojas-Jara, Claudio

; Gallegos, Miguel

; Cervigni, Mauricio

; Martino, Pablo

; Polanco-Carrasco, Roberto

; Palacios, Diego Alejandro

; Moreta-Herrera, Rodrigo

; Samaniego-Pinho, Antonio

; Rivera, Marlon Elías Lobos

; Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo

; Puerta-Cortés, Diana Ximena

; Corrales-Reyes, Ibraín Enrique

; Calderón, Raymundo

; Gallegos, Walter L. Arias

; Petzold, Olimpia

; Camargo, Andrés

; Torales, Julio

; Blanco, J. Arkangel Monge

; González, Pedronel

; Smith-Castro, Vanessa

; Rivera, Wendy Yamilet Matute

; Ferrufino-Borja, Daniela

; Ceballos-Vásquez, Paula

; Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia, Agueda

; Palacios, Jorge

; Burgos-Videla, Carmen

; León, Ana María Eduviges Florez

; Vergara, Ibeth

; Vega, Diego

; Barria-Asenjo, Nicol A.

; Schulmeyer, Marion K.

; Rios, Hassell Tatiana Urrutia

; Lira, Arelly Esther Lira

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

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2023, Volume 36 elocation 34

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. Methods A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. Results The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. Conclusion The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00277-9

Práctica mental, física o combinada en el desempeño y aprendizaje motor: una respuesta meta-analítica
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Jiménez Díaz, Judith

; Morera-Castro, María

; Chaves-Castro, Karla

; Portuguez-Molina, Priscilla

; Araya-Vargas, Gerardo

; Salazar, Walter

Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de ciencias del ejercicio y la salud

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dec 2022, Volume 20 N. 2 Pages 18 - 55

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen Jiménez Díaz, J., Morera-Castro, M., Chaves-Castro, K., Portuguez-Molina, P., Araya-Vargas, G. y Salazar, W. (2022). Práctica mental, física o combinada en el desempeño y aprendizaje motor: una respuesta meta-analítica. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-37. En el proceso de adquisición de destrezas motrices la práctica es un elemento fundamental por que facilita el aprendizaje; esta práctica puede ser de dos tipos: física o mental. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el tamaño de efecto de la práctica física (PF), práctica mental (PM) y la práctica combinada (PC) a lo largo del proceso de adquisición y retención en el desempeño de las destrezas motrices, utilizando el enfoque meta-analítico y el análisis de posibles variables moderadoras. Se utilizó el modelo de efectos aleatorios para calcular el tamaño de efecto (TE). Se incluyeron 24 estudios y se obtuvo un total de 150 TE, separados en cuatro grupos. En la fase de adquisición se encontró que la PF (TE = 1.75; n = 36; IC = 0.96,3.55; Q = 113; I2 = 92%), la PM (TE = 0.80; n = 36; IC = 0.50,1.09; Q = 108; I 2= 74%) y la PC (TE = 1.78; n = 22; IC = 1.39,2.18; Q = 167; I2 = 79%) mejoraron su desempeño; además, el grupo control (GC) mejoró el desempeño en la adquisición (TE = 0.18; n = 22; IC = 0.02,0.35; Q = 19; I 2= 0%). Una metarregresión indicó que solo la práctica física, mental y combinada predicen significativamente el TE. En la fase de retención, ni la PF (TE = -0.97; n = 9; IC = -0.41,0.02; Q = 12; I2 = 29%), la PM (TE = 0.62; n = 6; IC = -0.19,1.45; Q = 22; I2 = 83%), la PC (TE = -0.01; n = 14; IC = -0.26,0.25; Q = 23; I2 = 46%), ni el GC (TE = -0.15; n = 5; IC = -0.75,0.44; Q = 11; I2 = 66%) presentaron un cambio significativo. Se analizaron las posibles variables moderadoras. Los resultados sugieren que los tres tipos de práctica mejoran en el desempeño en la fase de adquisición; mientras que, en la etapa de retención, favorecen a mantener lo aprendido. La PM, no reemplaza la PF; no obstante, bajo algunas condiciones, se puede complementar la PF con PM.

Resumo Jiménez Díaz, J., Morera-Castro, M., Chaves-Castro, K., Portuguez-Molina, P., Araya-Vargas, G. y Salazar, W. (2022). Prática mental, física ou combinada no desempenho e na aprendizagem motora: uma resposta metanalítica. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-37. No processo de aquisição de destrezas motoras, a prática é um elemento fundamental porque facilita o aprendizado; esta prática pode ser de dois tipos: física ou mental. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar o tamanho do efeito da prática física (PF), da prática mental (PM) e da prática combinada (PC) durante todo o processo de aquisição e retenção do desempenho das destrezas motoras, usando a abordagem metanalítica e a análise de possíveis variáveis moderadoras. Foi utilizado o modelo de efeitos aleatórios para calcular o tamanho do efeito (TDE). Vinte e quatro estudos foram incluídos e obtidos um total de 150 TDEs, separados em quatro grupos. Na fase de aquisição, PF (TDE = 1,75; n = 36; IC = 0,96,3,55; Q = 113; I2= 92%), PM (TDE = 0,80; n = 36; IC = 0,50,1,09; Q = 108; I 2= 74%) e CP(TDE = 1,78; n = 22; IC = 1,39,2,18; Q = 167; I 2 = 79%) melhoraram seu desempenho; além disso, o grupo de controle (GC) melhorou seu desempenho na aquisição(TDE = 0,18; n = 22; IC = 0,02,0,35; Q = 19; I 2= 0%). Uma meta-regressão indicou que apenas a prática física, mental e combinada prediz significativamente o TDE. Na fase de retenção, nem PF (TDE = -0,97; n = 9; IC = -0,41,0,02; Q = 12; I2= 29%), PM (TDE = 0,62; n = 6; IC = -0,19,1,45; Q = 22; I2 = 83%), PC (TDE = -0,01; n = 14; IC = -0,26,0,25; Q = 23; I2 = 46%), nem o GC (TDE = -0,15; n = 5; IC = -0,75,0,44; Q = 11; I2= 66%) apresentou uma mudança significativa. Foram analisadas as possíveis variáveis moderadoras. Os resultados indicam que os três tipos de prática melhoram o desempenho na fase de aquisição, enquanto na fase de retenção, eles melhoram a retenção do que foi aprendido. A PM não substitui a PF; no entanto, sob algumas condições, a PF pode ser complementada com a PM.

Abstract Jiménez Díaz, J., Morera-Castro, M., Chaves-Castro, K., Portuguez-Molina, P., Araya-Vargas, G. y Salazar, W. (2022). Mental, physical or combined practice in motor performance and learning: a meta-analytical response. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-37. Practice is a key element in the process of acquiring motor skills, because it facilitates learning. This practice can be of either of two types—physical or mental. The objective of the present study is to determine the extent of effect of physical practice (PF), mental practice (PM) and combined practice (PC) throughout the process of acquisition and retention in the performance of motor skills, using a meta-analytical approach and the analysis of possible moderating variables. The random effect model was used to calculate the extent of the effect (TE). A total 24 studies were included, and a total of 150 TE was obtained, separated in four groups. In the phase of acquisition, it was found that the PF (TE = 1.75; n = 36; IC = 0.96,3.55; Q = 113; I2 = 92%), the PM (TE = 0.80; n = 36; IC = 0.50,1.09; Q = 108; I2 = 74%) and the PC (TE = 1.78; n = 22; IC = 1.39,2.18; Q = 167; I2 = 79%) improved their performance; in addition, the control group (GC) improved the performance in acquisition (TE = 0.18; n = 22; IC = 0.02,0.35; Q = 19; I2 = 0%). A meta-regression indicated that only physical, mental and combined practice significantly predict the TE. In the retention phase, neither the PF (TE = -0.97; n = 9; IC = -0.41,0.02; Q = 12; I2 = 29%), the PM (TE = 0.62; n = 6; IC = -0.19,1.45; Q = 22; I2 = 83%), the PC (TE = -0.01; n = 14; IC = -0.26,0.25; Q = 23; I2 = 46%) or the GC (TE = -0.15; n = 5; IC = -0.75,0.44; Q = 11; I2 = 66%) showed a significant change. Possible moderating variables were analyzed. The results suggest that the three types of practice improve performance in the acquisition phase, while in the retention phase they help to keep what has been learned. The PM does not replace PF; however, PF can be complemented with PM under some conditions.

https://doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v20i2.51150

Ontogenetic skull variation in an Amazonian population of lowland tapir, Tapirus terrestris (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) in the department of Loreto, Peru
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ROJAS, Rommel R.

; MORA, Walter Vasquez

; LOZANO, Ethersi Pezo

; HERRERA, Emérita R. Tirado

; HEYMANN, Eckhard W.

; BODMER, Richard

Acta Amazonica

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dec 2021, Volume 51 N. 4 Pages 311 - 322

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The skulls of 54 specimens of the South American tapir, Tapirus terrestris collected in the department of Loreto, Peru were measured, analyzed and compared to investigate skull development of this species. Univariate, multivariate and allometric analyses were performed using 32 skull variables through traditional morphometrics. Significant skull shape variation was detected among ontogenetic classes. Young individuals (class I, n = 22) showed higher variation than subadults and adults (class II, n = 23 and class III, n = 9), without evidence of sexual dimorphism (males = 35, females = 19). Principal component analyses and discriminant function analysis showed almost complete separation of the age classes. Allometric analysis indicated a tendency of unproportioned cranial growth. All our samples come from the same population living under the same ecological condition, which eliminates the effect of confounding variables related to habitat on the pattern of ontogenetic variation of this anatomical structure.

RESUMEN Se midió, analizó y comparó 54 cráneos de tapir sudamericano, Tapirus terrestris recolectados en el departamento de Loreto, Perú, para investigar el desarrollo craneal de esta especie. Se realizaron análisis univariados, multivariados y alométricos de los cráneos utilizando 32 variables mediante morfometría tradicional. Se detectó una variación significativa de la forma del cráneo entre clases ontogenéticas. Los individuos más jóvenes (clase I, n = 22) mostraron mayor variación que subadultos y adultos (clases II, n = 23 y III, n = 9), pero sin evidencia de dimorfismo sexual (machos = 35, hembras = 19). Un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis de función discriminante mostraron una separación casi completa de las clases ontogenéticas. El análisis alométrico indicó una tendencia de crecimiento craneal desproporcionado. Todas nuestras muestras provienen de la misma población que vive bajo la misma condición ecológica, lo que elimina el efecto de confusión de variables relacionadas con el hábitat sobre el patrón de variaciones ontogenéticas de esta estructura anatómica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101382

Inspiratory Muscle Weakness is Related to Poor Short-Term Outcomes for Heart Transplantation
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Begot, Isis

; Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora S.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Gonzaga, Laion R. A.

; Bolzan, Douglas W.

; Santos, Vinicius Batista

; Moreira, Rita Simone Lopes

; Breda, João R.

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues de

; Arena, Ross

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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jun 2021, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 308 - 317

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: In heart transplantation (HT) recipients, several factors are critical to promptly adopting appropriate rehabilitation strategies and may be important to predict outcomes way after surgery. This study aimed to determine preoperative patient-related risk factors that could adversely affect the postoperative clinical course of patients undergoing HT. Methods: Twenty-one hospitalized patients with heart failure undergoing HT were evaluated according to respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity before HT. Mechanical ventilation (MV) time, reintubation rate, and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay were recorded, and assessed postoperatively. Results: Inspiratory muscle strength as absolute and percentpredicted values were strongly correlated with MV time (r=-0.61 and r=-0.70, respectively, at P<0.001). Concerning ICU length of stay, only maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) absolute and percent-predicted values were significantly associated. The absolute |MIP| was significantly negatively correlated with ICU length of stay (r=-0.58 at P=0.006) and the percent-predicted MIP was also significantly negatively correlated with ICU length of stay (r=-0.68 at P=0.0007). No associations were observed between preoperative functional capacity, age, sex, and clinical characteristics and MV time and ICU length of stay in the cohort included in this study. Patients with respiratory muscle weakness had a higher prevalence of prolonged MV, reintubation, and delayed ICU length of stay. Conclusion: An impairment of preoperative MIP was associated with poorer short-term outcomes following HT. As such, inspiratory muscle strength is an important clinical preoperative marker in patients undergoing HT.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0344 14 downloads

Cardiovascular involvement in COVID-19: not to be missed
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Rocco, Isadora S.

; Gomes, Walter J.

; Viceconte, Marcela

; Bolzan, Douglas W.

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Arena, Ross

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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aug 2020, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 530 - 538

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In December 2019, a striking appearance of new cases of viral pneumonia in Wuhan led to the detection of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). By analyzing patients with severe manifestations, it became apparent that 20 to 35% of patients who died had preexisting cardiovascular disease. This finding warrants the important need to discuss the influence of SARS-CoV2 infection on the cardiovascular system and hemodynamics in the context of clinical management, particularly during mechanical ventilation. The SARS-CoV2 enters human cells through the spike protein binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is important to cardiovascular modulation and endothelial signaling. As ACE2 is highly expressed in lung tissue, patients have been progressing to acute respiratory injury at an alarming frequency during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Moreover, COVID-19 leads to high D-dimer levels and prothrombin time, which indicates a substantial coagulation disorder. It seems that an overwhelming inflammatory and thrombogenic condition is responsible for a mismatching of ventilation and perfusion, with a somewhat near-normal static lung compliance, which describes two types of pulmonary conditions. As such, positive pressure during invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) must be applied with caution. The authors of this review appeal to the necessity of paying closer attention to assess microhemodynamic repercussion, by monitoring central venous oxygen saturation during strategies of IMV. It is well known that a severe respiratory infection and a scattered inflammatory process can cause non-ischemic myocardial injury, including progression to myocarditis. Early strategies that guide clinical decisions can be lifesaving and prevent extended myocardial damage. Moreover, cardiopulmonary failure refractory to standard treatment may necessitate the use of extreme therapeutic strategies, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0224 659 downloads

An overview of inventories of gall-inducing insects in Brazil: looking for patterns and identifying knowledge gaps
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ARAÚJO, WALTER S. DE

; FERNANDES, GERALDO W.

; SANTOS, JEAN C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 N. 1 elocation e20180162

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

We compiled published Brazilian gall-inducing insect inventories aiming to understand trends and biases in this field research and to investigate the factors that potentially explain the diversity of gall-inducing insects among different sampling sites. A total of 51 studies with gall-inducing insect inventories were compiled for Brazil, which sampled 151 sites in 88 municipalities, 13 states and five regions. The number of papers published on gall-inducing insects per year has increased over the last 30 years, being Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) the main galling taxon, Fabaceae the main host-plant family and Protium heptaphyllum (Burseraceae) the most important super-host species in these inventories. We found a great bias in the geographical distribution of Brazilian inventories, with the majority of studies in the Southeast region, and Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. The total richness of gall-inducing insects differed significantly among regions and biomes, with higher gall richnesses being recorded in the North region and Amazon biome. However, Brazilian regions and biomes did not vary in richness of gall-inducing insect morphotypes per plant species. According our results, sampling by cecidologists in less studied regions of Brazil is needed, particularly in the North and South regions and subsampled biomes such as the Amazon, Pampas and Pantanal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180162 1511 downloads

Extended-time of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Improves Tissue Perfusion after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: a Randomized Clinical Trial
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Nasrala, Mara L. S.

; Bolzan, Douglas W.

; Lage, Yumi G.

; Prado, Fabiana S.

; Arena, Ross

; Lima, Paulo R. L.

; Feguri, Gibran

; Silva, Ageo M. C.

; Marcondi, Natasha O.

; Hossne, Nelson

; Guizilini, Solange

; Gomes, Walter J.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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jun 2018, Volume 33 N. 3 Pages 250 - 257

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To compare the effects of extended- versus short-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on pulmonary function, tissue perfusion, and clinical outcomes in the early postoperative period following coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with preserved left ventricular function. Methods: Patients were randomized into two groups according to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation intensity: short-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation n=20 (S-NPPV) and extended-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation n=21 (E-NPPV). S-NPPV was applied for 60 minutes during immediate postoperative period and 10 minutes, twice daily, from postoperative days 1-5. E-NPPV was performed for at least six hours during immediate postoperative period and 60 minutes, twice daily, from postoperative days 1-5. As a primary outcome, tissue perfusion was determined by central venous oxygen saturation and blood lactate level measured after anesthetic induction, immediately after extubation and following noninvasive positive pressure ventilation protocols. As a secondary outcome, pulmonary function tests were performed preoperatively and in the postoperative days 1, 3, and 5; clinical outcomes were recorded. Results: Significant drop in blood lactate levels and an improvement in central venous oxygen saturation values in the E-NPPV group were observed when compared with S-NPPV group after study protocol (P<0.01). The E-NPPV group presented higher preservation of postoperative pulmonary function as well as lower incidence of respiratory events and shorter postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prophylactic E-NPPV administered in the early postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery resulted in greater improvements in tissue perfusion, pulmonary function and clinical outcomes than S-NPPV, in patients with preserved left ventricular function. Trial Registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical trial - RBR7sqj78 - http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2017-0232 886 downloads

Tissue-based molecular markers in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and their prognostic implications
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Favaretto, Ricardo L.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Oliveira, Renato A. R.

; Santana, Thiago

; Costa, Walter H.

; Cunha, Isabela W.

; Guimarães, Gustavo C.

International braz j urol

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feb 2018, Volume 44 N. 1 Pages 22 - 37

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare and aggressive disease that is associated with high rates of recurrence and death. Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with excision of the bladder cuff is considered the standard of care for high-risk UTUC, whereas kidney-sparing techniques can be indicated for select patients with low-risk disease. There is a significant lack of clinical and pathological prognostic factors for stratifying patients with regard to making treatment decisions. Incorporation of tissue-based molecular markers into prognostic tools could help accurately stratify patients for clinical decision-making in this heterogeneous disease. Although the number of studies on tissue-based markers in UTUC has risen dramatically in the past several years—many of which are based on single centers and small cohorts, with a low level of evidence—many discrepancies remain between their results. Nevertheless, certain biomarkers are promising tools, necessitating prospective multi-institution studies to validate their function.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0204 899 downloads

10.

Influência da termoablação com baixa e alta densidade de energia na junção safeno-femoral, utilizando laser endovenoso 1470 nm
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Araujo, Walter Junior Boim de

; Erzinger, Fabiano Luiz

; Caron, Filipe Carlos

; Nejm Junior, Carlos Seme

; Timi, Jorge Rufino Ribas

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro

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sep 2017, Volume 16 N. 3 Pages 220 - 226

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Contexto Faz-se importante o conhecimento técnico dos ajustes de potência e de densidade de energia linear endovenosa (linear endovenous energy density, LEED) adequados para atingir o objetivo final da termoablação endovenosa (endovenous laser ablation, EVLA). Objetivos Avaliar a influência de diferentes LEEDs em termos de patência e presença de refluxo, bem como determinar a evolução clínica. Métodos Foram incluídas 60 veias safenas magnas (VSM). Os pacientes foram randomizados em dois grupos: EVLA com baixa potência (7 W e LEED de 20-40 J/cm) e com alta potência (15 W e LEED de 80-100 J/cm). O acompanhamento com eco-Doppler e escore de severidade clínica venoso (VCSS) foi realizado nos intervalos de 3-5 dias, 30 dias, 180 dias e 1 ano após o procedimento. Resultados Dezoito pacientes (29 membros) tratados com 7W de potência e 13 pacientes (23 membros) com 15 W completaram o estudo. Não houve diferença significativa considerando idade, tempo de cirurgia e o uso de analgésicos, lateralidade, gênero e presença de comorbidades. O LEED médio foi de 33,54 J/cm no grupo de 7 W e de 88,66 J/cm no de 15 W. Ambos apresentaram melhora no VCSS, redução significativa dos diâmetros da JSF e ausência de diferença significativa quanto ao aumento do comprimento do coto da VSM e de refluxo após o tratamento. Conclusões A utilização de maior densidade de energia mostrou-se mais efetiva em relação à estabilização do comprimento do coto da VSM e do refluxo em 6 meses. Fazem-se necessários estudos com um período de acompanhamento maior para fundamentar essa hipótese.

Abstract Background It is important to acquire technical knowledge about the power and linear endovenous energy density (LEED) settings needed to achieve the ultimate goal of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA). Objectives To evaluate the influence of different LEEDs in terms of patency and presence of reflux and to determine clinical outcomes. Methods Sixty great saphenous veins (GSVs) were included. Patients were randomized into 2 groups, low-power EVLA (7 W and LEED of 20-40 J/cm) and high-power EVLA (15 W and LEED of 80-100 J/cm). Patients were followed-up with duplex ultrasound and calculation of venous clinical severity score (VCSS) at 3-5 days, 30 days, 180 days, and 1 year after the procedure. Results 18 patients (29 limbs) treated with 7 W of laser power and 13 patients (23 limbs) treated with 15 W of laser power completed the study. There was no significant difference regarding age, operating time, use of analgesics, laterality, sex, or presence of comorbidities. Mean LEED was 33.54 J/cm in the 7-W group and 88.66 J/cm in the 15-W group. Both groups exhibited improvements in VCSS and significant reductions in SFJ diameters, and there were no significant difference in increase of length of the GSV stump or rates of reflux after treatment. Conclusions The higher energy density setting was more effective for stabilizing the length of the GSV stump and was associated with a lower incidence of reflux at 6 months. Further studies with a longer follow-up period are required to substantiate this hypothesis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.010916 1094 downloads

11.

Characterisation of vumba and ubumba clays used for cosmetic purposes
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Morekhure-Mphahlele, Refilwe

; Focke, Walter W.

; Grote, Wiebke

South African Journal of Science

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apr 2017, Volume 113 N. 3-4 Pages 1 - 5

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Two traditional cosmetic clays bear similar names in different local South African languages: vumba (Tshivenda) and ubumba (isiZulu). The wet clays are applied topically for cosmetic purposes by the respective indigenous peoples. Six samples from two South African provinces were characterised using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the samples differed widely with respect to mineralogy and chemical composition. This finding raises the possibility that texture characteristics during application on the skin override composition effects. Of concern is the high levels of quartz found in all the samples as it might pose a health hazard; the lowest value for quartz was 11 wt% for vumba, while values for ubumba ranged from 26 wt% to 85 wt%. All samples contained varying amounts of silicates in the form of smectite, kaolin, chlorite and plagioclase. Minor amounts of anatase and rutile were present in some samples. Three samples also contained goethite. All samples were essentially free from the toxic elements As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Se and Sb. However, they did contain low levels of chromium and heavy metals such as Cu, Zn and Ni. The pH values of ubumba slurries were slightly basic, while those of a vumba slurry were slightly acidic. SIGNIFICANCE: • Wide ranges of composition appear to be acceptable. • The clays do not contain highly toxic or radioactive elements. • The high levels of quartz present may pose a human health risk.

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2017/20160105 1591 downloads

12.

ASSESSMENT OF CO2 EMISSION MITIGATION FOR A BRAZILIAN OIL REFINERY
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Chan, W. N.

; Walter, A.

; Sugiyama, M. I.

; Borges, G. C.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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dec 2016, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 835 - 850

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Currently the oil refining sector is responsible for approximately 5% of the total Brazilian energy related CO2 emissions. Possibilities to reduce CO2 emissions and related costs at the largest Brazilian refinery have been estimated. The abatement costs related to energy saving options are negative, meaning that feasibility exists without specific income due to emission reductions. The assessment shows that short-term mitigation options, i.e., fuel substitution and energy efficiency measures, could reduce CO2 emissions by 6% of the total current refinery emissions. It is further shown that carbon capture and storage offers the greatest potential for more significant emission reductions in the longer term (up to 43%), but costs in the range of 64 to162 US$/t CO2, depending on the CO2 emission source (regenerators of FCC units or hydrogen production units) and the CO2 capture technology considered (oxyfuel combustion or post-combustion). Effects of uncertainties in key parameters on abatement costs are also evaluated via sensitivity analysis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20160334s20140149 4358 downloads

13.

Potassium leaching in different soils as a function of irrigation depths
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Mendes, Walter da C.

; Alves Júnior, José

; Cunha, Paulo C. R. da

; Silva, Anderson R. da

; Evangelista, Adão W. P.

; Casaroli, Derblai

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2016, Volume 20 N. 11 Pages 972 - 977

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste trabalho o objetivo foi quantificar a lixiviação de K em solos argiloso e arenoso sob lâminas crescentes de irrigação. O experimento foi conduzido em 2014, em ambiente protegido, após extração de colunas de solo indeformadas, com diâmetro de 144 mm e altura de 300 mm. As colunas foram arranjadas em um delineamento em blocos completos casualizados em esquema fatorial, com três repetições, constituindo oito tratamentos, sendo dois tipos de solo e quatro lâminas de água equivalentes a 50, 100, 150 e 200% da lâmina de água necessária para levar o solo à umidade na capacidade de campo. Como fonte de K utilizou-se o cloreto de potássio com 58% de K2O. A reposição da água nas colunas foi realizada a cada três dias, por um período de 81 dias. Após a realização de análise conjunta dos dados de acordo com o fator Tempo, foram ajustados um modelo de superfície de resposta de segundo grau completo e os gráficos de linhas para estudo dos fatores Tempo e Água. Após avaliações concluiu-se que quanto maior a lâmina de água aplicada maior também a quantidade percolada do íon K+.

ABSTRACT Potassium (K) can be easily lost by the leaching process. The objective of this study was to quantify K leaching in clayey and sandy soils under increasing irrigation depths. The experiment was conducted in 2014, in a protected environment, after extraction of undisturbed soil columns, with diameter of 144 mm and height of 300 mm. The columns were arranged in a randomized complete block in a factorial design with three replicates, corresponding to eight treatments: two soil types and four water depths, equivalent to 50, 100, 150 and 200% of the amount of water necessary to bring the soil moisture to field capacity. Potassium chloride, with 58% of K2O, was used as K source. Water replacement in the columns was performed every three days, for a period of 81 days. After conducting joint analysis of the data according to the factor Time, a second-degree response surface model was fitted and line charts were also used to study the factors Time and Water. After the evaluations, it was found that the higher the applied water depth, the greater the percolated amount of the K+ ion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n11p972-977 3781 downloads

14.

A Cycle Ergometer Exercise Program Improves Exercise Capacity and Inspiratory Muscle Function in Hospitalized Patients Awaiting Heart Transplantation: a Pilot Study
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Forestieri, Patrícia

; Guizilini, Solange

; Peres, Monique

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Bolzan, Douglas W.

; Rocco, Isadora S.

; Santos, Vinícius B.

; Moreira, Rita Simone L.

; Breda, João R.

; Almeida, Dirceu R. de

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos de C.

; Arena, Ross

; Gomes, Walter J.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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oct 2016, Volume 31 N. 5 Pages 389 - 395

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a cycle ergometer exercise program on exercise capacity and inspiratory muscle function in hospitalized patients with heart failure awaiting heart transplantation with intravenous inotropic support. Methods: Patients awaiting heart transplantation were randomized and allocated prospectively into two groups: 1) Control Group (n=11) - conventional protocol; and 2) Intervention Group (n=7) - stationary cycle ergometer exercise training. Functional capacity was measured by the six-minute walk test and inspiratory muscle strength assessed by manovacuometry before and after the exercise protocols. Results: Both groups demonstrated an increase in six-minute walk test distance after the experimental procedure compared to baseline; however, only the intervention group had a significant increase (P =0.08 and P =0.001 for the control and intervention groups, respectively). Intergroup comparison revealed a greater increase in the intervention group compared to the control (P <0.001). Regarding the inspiratory muscle strength evaluation, the intragroup analysis demonstrated increased strength after the protocols compared to baseline for both groups; statistical significance was only demonstrated for the intervention group, though (P =0.22 and P <0.01, respectively). Intergroup comparison showed a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control (P <0.01). Conclusion: Stationary cycle ergometer exercise training shows positive results on exercise capacity and inspiratory muscle strength in patients with heart failure awaiting cardiac transplantation while on intravenous inotropic support.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1678-9741.20160078 2469 downloads

15.

Early Open-Lung Ventilation Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Left Cardiac Dysfunction Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass: a Randomized Controlled Trial
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Bolzan, Douglas W.

; Gomes, Walter José

; Rocco, Isadora S.

; Viceconte, Marcela

; Nasrala, Mara L. S.

; Pauletti, Hayanne O.

; Moreira, Rita Simone L.

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Arena, Ross

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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oct 2016, Volume 31 N. 5 Pages 358 - 364

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To compare pulmonary function, functional capacity and clinical outcomes amongst three groups of patients with left ventricular dysfunction following off-pump coronary artery bypass, namely: 1) conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV); 2) late open lung strategy (L-OLS); and 3) early open lung strategy (E-OLS). Methods: Sixty-one patients were randomized into 3 groups: 1) CMV (n=21); 2) L-OLS (n=20) initiated after intensive care unit arrival; and 3) E-OLS (n=20) initiated after intubation. Spirometry was performed at bedside on preoperative and postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 5. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and pulmonary shunt fraction were evaluated preoperatively and on POD1. The 6-minute walk test was applied on the day before the operation and on POD5. Results: Both the open lung groups demonstrated higher forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second on PODs 1, 3 and 5 when compared to the CMV group (P<0.05). The 6-minute walk test distance was more preserved, shunt fraction was lower, and PaO2 was higher in both open-lung groups (P<0.05). Open-lung groups had shorter intubation time and hospital stay and also fewer respiratory events (P<0.05). Key measures were significantly more favorable in the E-OLS group compared to the L-OLS group. Conclusion: Both OLSs (L-OLS and E-OLS) were able to promote higher preservation of pulmonary function, greater recovery of functional capacity and better clinical outcomes following off-pump coronary artery bypass when compared to conventional mechanical ventilation. However, in this group of patients with reduced left ventricular function, initiation of the OLS intra-operatively was found to be more beneficial and optimal when compared to OLS initiation after intensive care unit arrival.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1678-9741.20160057 751 downloads

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