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Abstract The flotation mechanism of galena with xanthate as the collector is generally explained based on the mixed potential of the pulp, in which an anodic electron transfer reaction from the collector to the mineral is combined with an O2 cathodic reduction. Sodium sulphide, often used as a mineral activator, strongly influences the pulp's mixed potential, and depending on the dosage applied, it can become a galena depressor reagent. In this way, the current study assesses galena flotability in the absence of collector, as well as in the presence of the collector potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) and sodium sulphide. The effect of an extremely cathodic potential was also studied through the addition of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the effect of different stages in the oxidation of the galena surface on the flotability was investigated. Moreover, the zeta potential was measured and contact angle (wettability) tests were carried out. The contact angle measurements were taken for a distilled water, PAX solution and for a mixture of PAX and sodium sulphide solution on the oxidized and non-oxidized surface of galena. All the results showed that galena could be floated in all the PAX concentrations tested. It was observed that a moderate oxidation in the galena surface may contribute to an improvement of its flotation with PAX. However, extremely anodic and cathodic potentials cause flotability close to zero. The zeta potential results showed that sodium sulphide affected the interaction between PAX and galena. The measurements of the contact angle corroborated the results obtained in the microflotation tests. pulp O reduction activator pulps s applied reagent way (PAX peroxide investigated Moreover wettability (wettability out water nonoxidized non tested However zero

https://doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672023770053

Organic matter fractions of soil aggregates under agroecological production systems in the southeast of Brazil
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Rossi, Celeste Queiroz

; Pinto, Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues

; Souza, Rodrigo Camara de

; Morais, Igor de Sousa

; Miranda, Luciele Hilda da Silva

; Silva, Tiago Paula da

; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2024, Volume 55 elocation e20228601

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Agroecological management is considered a model of sustainable agriculture that offers social, environmental and economic benefits. The hypotheses of this study were that agroecological production systems can promote changes in the physical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) associated with aggregates of different origins, and that the greater diversity of plant species in the production system may favour an increase in the carbon concentration of these aggregates. The aim of this study was to a) determine the mass of the free light fraction (FLF), intra-aggregate light fraction (ILF) and light organic matter fraction (LOM) of biogenic and physiogenic soil aggregates; and b) quantify the organic carbon content of the three light SOM fractions and the residual particulate SOM fraction. Five production systems were evaluated: AgF - Agroforestry system; CSun - Coffee grown in full sun; CSha - Coffee grown in shade; FLE - Flemingia grown in alleys; and NT - No-tillage. The aggregates were separated, identified and classified according to their origin or formation pathway into biogenic (formed by biological processes) or physiogenic aggregates (resulting from chemical and physical actions). From these, the mass and carbon content of the FLF, ILF, LOM and residual particulate fractions were quantified. The greater diversity of plant species found in the AgF system has not yet favoured an increase in the carbon content of the aggregates. The longer set-up time and the management practices of the CSun system has led to an increase in the carbon content of the organic fractions of the aggregates (3.44-1.63 g kg-1 for C-LOM; 1.93-1.13 g kg-1 for C-FLF). The lowest overall mean values for LOM and ILF were found mainly in the aggregates of the NT system (1.22-1.67 and 1.55-2.20 g kg-1, respectively), being associated with the shorter time and greater mobilisation of the arable layer. Biogenic aggregation afforded the highest overall mean values for LOM, and increased the mass of the light fractions (15.5%-27.8% for FLF; 23.4%-8.0% for ILF) and the carbon in the C-LOM, C-FLF and residual particulate fractions (42.3%, 12.9%, and 35.0%, respectively) in the surface layer, suggesting an improvement in soil quality.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20240002

The impact of COVID-19 on kidney transplant activities in Brazil: a descriptive study
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Passoni, Reginaldo

; Gadonski, Bruno

; Carvalho, Ariana Rodrigues da Silva

; Freitas, Tainá Veras de Sanders

; Peres, Luis Alberto Batista

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Fev 2023, Volume 141 Nº 1 Páginas 60 - 66

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has reached services, systems, and world society. Despite its certified efficiency, the Brazilian National Transplant System is not exempt from the side effects of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: To compare kidney transplantation activity registered in Brazil between the pandemic (2020) and pre-pandemic (2019) periods. DESIGN AND SETTING: A descriptive study was conducted in March 2021. The annual reports of the Brazilian Transplantation Registry for 2019 and 2020 were included in this study. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive study of kidney transplant activity in Brazil in 2019 and 2020. RESULTS: A 23.9% decrease in kidney transplants per million population was observed during the pandemic period (22.9 in 2020 versus 30.1 in 2019). Kidney transplants with a living donor (-58.8%) and in the North Region (-79.5%) experienced the greatest declines. The pandemic waiting list increased by 6.8%, and deaths during the waiting period increased by 36.8%. The number of patients on the waiting list and transplant teams decreased by 31.3% and 9.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected Brazil and had a significant negative impact on KT activities in the country.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0956.r1.29042022

Exogenous application of salicylic acid on the mitigation of salt stress in Capsicum annuum L.
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Silva, André Alisson Rodrigues da

; Lima, Geovani Soares de

; Azevedo, Carlos Alberto Vieira de

; Veloso, Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida

; Souza, Leandro de Pádua

; Fátima, Reynaldo Teodoro de

; Silva, Francisco de Assis da

; Gheyi, Hans Raj

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 Nº 7 elocation e20210447

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A salinidade tem afetado negativamente o cultivo de hortaliças, sobretudo em regiões semiáridas. Neste sentido, o uso de elicitores que atuem na indução de tolerância ao estresse salino, como ácido salicílico, tem se destacado como uma alternativa promissora. Objetivou-se com esse estudo, avaliar os efeitos da pulverização foliar do ácido salicílico na mitigação do estresse salino na morfofisiologia e produção do pimentão cv. All Big. O estudo foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em Campina Grande - PB, utilizando-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 4, sendo quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; e 3,2 dS m-1) e quatro concentrações de ácido salicílico (0; 1,2; 2,4 e 3,6 mM), com três repetições. A aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico na concentração de 1,6 mM atenuou os efeitos do estresse salino nas trocas gasosas, no crescimento, no peso médio de fruto e na produção total por planta, e diminuiu a porcentagem de extravasamento de eletrólitos intercelulares das plantas de pimentão cv. All Big aos 80 dias após o semeio.

ABSTRACT: Salinity has limited conventional vegetable cultivation, especially in semi-arid regions. In this regard, the use of elicitors that act to induce tolerance to salt stress, such as salicylic acid, has emerged as a promising alternative. This study evaluated the effects of foliar spraying with salicylic acid on the mitigation of salt stress on the morphophysiology and production of bell pepper cv. All Big. The study was conducted in a greenhouse in Campina Grande - PB, Brazil, adopting a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.8; 1.6; 2.4; and 3.2 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid (0; 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 mM), with three replicates. The foliar application of salicylic acid at a concentration of 1.6 mM attenuated the effects of salt stress in gas exchange, growth, mean fruit weight, and total production per plant, and decreased the percentage of intercellular electrolyte leakage of sweet pepper cv. All Big plants, at 80 days after sowing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210447

Modelagem bayesiana da precipitação máxima de Petrópolis (RJ) e Poços de Caldas (MG)
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Silva, Sandra Valéria Coelho da

; Ferreira, Thales Rangel

; Avelar, Fabricio Goecking

; Liska, Gilberto Rodrigues

; Muniz, Joel Augusto

; Beijo, Luiz Alberto

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental

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2023, Volume 28 elocation e20210342

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The cities of Petrópolis (RJ) and Poços de Caldas (MG) are located in the mountain range regions of their respective states in Brazil. They frequently suffer from damage caused by heavy rains. Therefore, analyzing and predicting the occurrence of maximum rainfall for these locations is fundamental for planning activities that are vulnerable to its occurrence. The modeling of this variable is done, generally, through the generalized distribution of extreme values (GEV), which the Bayesian methodology has shown good results in estimating its parameters. Therefore, the present study aimed to fit the GEV distribution to the historical series of maximum rainfall in Petrópolis and Poços de Caldas, and to evaluate different structures of prior distributions, informative and non-informative, in predicting the maximum rainfall expected for different return times. The number of successes and precision were analyzed in order to evaluate the predictions obtained with the information from the maximum rainfall of different locations to elicit the prior distribution. To obtain the posterior marginal distributions, the Monte Carlo method via Markov Chains was used. The use of informative prior distribution based on data from Poços de Caldas was more precise and accurate to predict the maximum rainfall for Petrópolis, while for Poços de Caldas, the informative prior based on information from São João da Boa Vista (SP) provided the best results. For both locations, it is expected that, in an average time of 5 years, there will be at least one day with maximum rainfall equal to or greater than 100 mm.

Resumo As cidades de Petrópolis (RJ) e Poços de Caldas (MG) estão situadas em regiões serranas de seus respectivos estados e sofrem frequentemente com estragos provocados por fortes chuvas. Analisar e prever a ocorrência de precipitações máximas nessas localidades são fundamentais para o planejamento de atividades vulneráveis à sua ocorrência. A modelagem dessa variável é feita geralmente com distribuição generalizada de valores extremos (GEV), e a metodologia bayesiana tem apresentado bons resultados na estimação de seus parâmetros. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivos ajustar a distribuição GEV às séries históricas de precipitação máxima de Petrópolis e Poços de Caldas e avaliar diferentes estruturas de distribuições a priori, informativas e não informativas, na predição da precipitação máxima esperada para diferentes tempos de retorno. Foram analisados o número de acertos e a precisão a fim de avaliar as previsões obtidas com as informações advindas das precipitações máximas de diferentes localidades para eliciação da distribuição a priori. A obtenção das distribuições marginais a posteriori foi realizada usando-se o método Monte Carlo via cadeias de Markov. A utilização da distribuição a priori informativa fundamentada nos dados de Poços de Caldas foi mais precisa e teve maior número de acertos para predizer as precipitações máximas para Petrópolis, enquanto para Poços de Caldas foi a priori informativa com base nas informações de São João da Boa Vista (SP). Para ambas as localidades, espera-se que, em um tempo médio de cinco anos, ocorra pelo menos um dia com precipitação máxima igual ou superior a 100 mm.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-415220210342

Diretriz Brasileira de Dispositivos Cardíacos Eletrônicos Implantáveis – 2023
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Teixeira, Ricardo Alkmim

; Fagundes, Alexsandro Alves

; Baggio Junior, José Mário

; Oliveira, Júlio César de

; Medeiros, Paulo de Tarso Jorge

; Valdigem, Bruno Pereira

; Teno, Luiz Antônio Castilho

; Silva, Rodrigo Tavares

; Melo, Celso Salgado de

; Elias Neto, Jorge

; Moraes Júnior, Antonio Vitor

; Pedrosa, Anisio Alexandre Andrade

; Porto, Fernando Mello

; Brito Júnior, Hélio Lima de

; Souza, Thiago Gonçalves Schroder e

; Mateos, José Carlos Pachón

; Moraes, Luis Gustavo Belo de

; Forno, Alexander Romeno Janner Dal

; D’Avila, Andre Luiz Buchele

; Cavaco, Diogo Alberto de Magalhães

; Kuniyoshi, Ricardo Ryoshim

; Pimentel, Mauricio

; Camanho, Luiz Eduardo Montenegro

; Saad, Eduardo Benchimol

; Zimerman, Leandro Ioschpe

; Oliveira, Eduardo Bartholomay

; Scanavacca, Mauricio Ibrahim

; Martinelli Filho, Martino

; Lima, Carlos Eduardo Batista de

; Peixoto, Giselle de Lima

; Darrieux, Francisco Carlos da Costa

; Duarte, Jussara de Oliveira Pinheiro

; Galvão Filho, Silas dos Santos

; Costa, Eduardo Rodrigues Bento

; Mateo, Enrique Indalécio Pachón

; Melo, Sissy Lara De

; Rodrigues, Thiago da Rocha

; Rocha, Eduardo Arrais

; Hachul, Denise Tessariol

; Lorga Filho, Adalberto Menezes

; Nishioka, Silvana Angelina D’Orio

; Gadelha, Eduardo Barreto

; Costa, Roberto

; Andrade, Veridiana Silva de

; Torres, Gustavo Gomes

; Oliveira Neto, Nestor Rodrigues de

; Lucchese, Fernando Antonio

; Murad, Henrique

; Wanderley Neto, José

; Brofman, Paulo Roberto Slud

; Almeida, Rui M. S.

; Leal, João Carlos Ferreira

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 Nº 1 elocation e20220892

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220892

Immunothrombosis and COVID-19 ‒ a nested post-hoc analysis from a 3186 patient cohort in a Latin American public reference hospital
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Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Pinto, Vanusa Barbosa

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Manin, Carolina Broco

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100178

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective COVID-19 is associated with an elevated risk of thromboembolism and excess mortality. Difficulties with best anticoagulation practices and their implementation motivated the current analysis of COVID-19 patients who developed Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). Method This is a post-hoc analysis of a COVID-19 cohort, described in an economic study already published. The authors analyzed a subset of patients with confirmed VTE. We described the characteristics of the cohort, such as demographics, clinical status, and laboratory results. We tested differences amid two subgroups of patients, those with VTE or not, with the competitive risk Fine and Gray model. Results Out of 3186 adult patients with COVID-19, 245 (7.7%) were diagnosed with VTE, 174 (5.4%) of them during admission to the hospital. Four (2.3% of these 174) did not receive prophylactic anticoagulation and 19 (11%) discontinued anticoagulation for at least 3 days, resulting in 170 analyzed. During the first week of hospitalization, the laboratory most altered results were C-reactive protein and D-dimer. Patients with VTE were more critical, had a higher mortality rate, worse SOFA score, and, on average, 50% longer hospital stay. Conclusion Proven VTE incidence in this severe COVID-19 cohort was 7.7%, despite 87% of them complying completely with VTE prophylaxis. The clinician must be aware of the diagnosis of VTE in COVID-19, even in patients receiving proper prophylaxis.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100178

Salicylic acid attenuates the harmful effects of salt stress on the morphophysiology of early dwarf cashew
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Silva, André Alisson Rodrigues da

; Lima, Geovani Soares de

; Azevedo, Carlos Alberto Vieira de

; Arruda, Thiago Filipe de Lima

; Gheyi, Hans Raj

; Soares, Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e015622

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Brazil is one of the largest cashew producers in the world, and its Northeast region stands out. However, cashew growth and development are negatively affected by irrigation with brackish water in its production. In this context, strategies have been employed to alleviate salt stress effects on plants. Among the strategies, the exogenous application of elicitor substances, such as salicylic acid, has stood out. Given the above, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid as an attenuator of salt stress on the morphophysiology of early dwarf cashew. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design, in a 5 × 4 factorial arrangement, with five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water - ECw (0.4, 1.2, 2.0, 2.8, and 3.6 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid - SA (0, 1, 2, and 3 mM), with three replicates and one plant per plot. Irrigation with water of electrical conductivity above 0.4 dS m-1 negatively affected the leaf relative water content, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and growth of plants. Salicylic acid at a concentration of 1 mM attenuated the effects of salt stress on electrolyte leakage, relative water content, gas exchange, synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, and growth of early dwarf cashew irrigated using water with ECw of up to 3.6 dS m-1, at 210 days after transplanting.

RESUMO O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de caju do mundo, com destaque para região Nordeste. Entretanto, o crescimento e desenvolvimento são reduzidos pela irrigação com águas salobras. Neste sentido, estratégias têm sido empregadas com intuito de amenizar o estresse salino sobre as plantas. Dentre as estratégias, a aplicação exógena de substância elicitoras, como o ácido salicílico têm se destacado. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se com o presente estudo, avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico como atenuante do estresse salino sobre a morfofisiologia do cajueiro anão precoce. O estudo foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, no delineamento de blocos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 5 × 4, com cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,4; 1,2; 2,0; 2,8 e 3,6 dS m-1) e quatro concentrações de ácido salicílico - AS (0, 1, 2 e 3 mM), com três repetições e uma planta por parcela. A irrigação com água de condutividade elétrica acima de 0.4 dS m-1 afetou negativamente o conteúdo relativo de água nas folhas, as trocas gasosas, os pigmentos fotossintéticos e o crescimento das plantas. O ácido salicílico na concentração de 1 mM atenuou os efeitos do estresse salino sobre o extravasamento de eletrólitos, o conteúdo relativo de água, as trocas gasosas, a síntese de pigmentos fotossintéticos e o crescimento do cajueiro anão precoce irrigado com CEa de até 3,6 dS m-1, aos 210 dias após o transplantio.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202347015622

Diretriz da SBC sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia da Doença de Chagas – 2023
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio

; Rassi Jr, Anis

; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes

; Correia, Luís Claudio Lemos

; Ramos Júnior, Alberto Novaes

; Luquetti, Alejandro Ostermayer

; Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel

; Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de

; Paola, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de

; Sousa, Antônio Carlos Sobral

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; Correia Filho, Dalmo

; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de

; Cunha-Neto, Edecio

; Ramires, Felix Jose Alvarez

; Bacal, Fernando

; Nunes, Maria do Carmo Pereira

; Martinelli Filho, Martino

; Scanavacca, Maurício Ibrahim

; Saraiva, Roberto Magalhães

; Oliveira Júnior, Wilson Alves de

; Lorga-Filho, Adalberto Menezes

; Guimarães, Adriana de Jesus Benevides de Almeida

; Braga, Adriana Lopes Latado

; Oliveira, Adriana Sarmento de

; Sarabanda, Alvaro Valentim Lima

; Pinto, Ana Yecê das Neves

; Carmo, Andre Assis Lopes do

; Schmidt, Andre

; Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da

; Ianni, Barbara Maria

; Markman Filho, Brivaldo

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Macêdo, Carolina Thé

; Mady, Charles

; Chevillard, Christophe

; Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Bittencourt das

; Castro, Cleudson Nery de

; Britto, Constança Felicia De Paoli de Carvalho

; Pisani, Cristiano

; Rassi, Daniela do Carmo

; Sobral Filho, Dário Celestino

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues de

; Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

; Mendes, Fernanda de Souza Nogueira Sardinha

; Gondim, Francisca Tatiana Pereira

; Silva, Gilberto Marcelo Sperandio da

; Peixoto, Giselle de Lima

; Lima, Gustavo Glotz de

; Veloso, Henrique Horta

; Moreira, Henrique Turin

; Lopes, Hugo Bellotti

; Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Francisco

; Ferreira, João Marcos Bemfica Barbosa

; Nunes, João Paulo Silva

; Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Soares

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Lannes-Vieira, Joseli

; Oliveira, Joselina Luzia Menezes

; Armaganijan, Luciana Vidal

; Martins, Luiz Cláudio

; Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Conde

; Barbosa, Marco Paulo Tomaz

; Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antonio

; Simões, Marcos Vinicius

; Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Shikanai

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes

; Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cassia Costa

; Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix

; Lima, Mayara Maia

; Oliveira, Maykon Tavares de

; Romano, Minna Moreira Dias

; Araujo, Nadjar Nitz Silva Lociks de

; Medeiros, Paulo de Tarso Jorge

; Alves, Renato Vieira

; Teixeira, Ricardo Alkmim

; Pedrosa, Roberto Coury

; Aras Junior, Roque

; Torres, Rosalia Morais

; Povoa, Rui Manoel dos Santos

; Rassi, Sergio Gabriel

; Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins

; Tavares, Suelene Brito do Nascimento

; Palmeira, Swamy Lima

; Silva Júnior, Telêmaco Luiz da

; Rodrigues, Thiago da Rocha

; Madrini Junior, Vagner

; Brant, Veruska Maia da Costa

; Dutra, Walderez Ornelas

; Dias, João Carlos Pinto

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 Nº 6 elocation e20230269

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20230269

10.

Soil organic carbon fractions in agroforestry system in Brazil: seasonality and short-term dynamic assessment
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Matos, Priscila Silva

; Pinto, Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues

; Lima, Sandra Santana de

; Alves, Thassiany de Castro

; Cerri, Eduardo Pellegrino

; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio

; Zonta, Everaldo

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2023, Volume 47 Nº spe elocation e0220095

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Adopting land-uses that contribute with a considerable litter input can affect the accumulation, protection, and bioavailability of organic carbon in the edaphic environment, compromising the different compartments of soil organic matter (SOM) and the associated benefits. Moreover, changes in seasons can influence the dynamic of SOM. Notably, the mechanisms involved in SOM stabilization and storage, particularly in agroforestry production areas, are still poorly explored. This study aimed to verify if the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the physical fractions of the SOM are modified as a function of agroforestry systems implemented in the short term, and verify if seasonality can affect the compartmentalization of SOM in agrifood systems. Also, we tested if the carbon management index (CMI) is sensitive to detecting management practices quality across the unmanaged pasture, different agroforestry systems, and a reference area (forest). We measured soil physical properties, SOC content in bulk soil, particular organic carbon (POC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) fractions at three different depths (0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m) in response to the adoption of agroforestry systems. Our results show that after a short period of implementation of agroforestry systems, significant changes were observed in SOC contents and the physical fractions of SOM in the most superficial layers (0.00-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m), with emphasis on the particulate fraction of SOM. We verified that the seasonality affected the SOC, POC, and MAOC contents. We also found that the CMI index was more sensitive and efficient in detecting changes arising from seasonality and the management practices involved. According to this index, it was possible to verify that the agroforestry system with the highest density of species for biomass production (AS3) has been accumulating more carbon in the soil. Therefore, this study provides relevant information regarding soil carbon management in agroforestry systems.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20220095

11.

Biogenic and physicogenic aggregates as indicators of quality in soils with sandy texture in areas of organic agriculture
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Silva, Tiago Paula da

; Morais, Igor de Sousa

; Santos, Gilsonley Lopes dos

; Zonta, Everaldo

; Pinto, Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues

; Fagundes, Hugo de Souza

; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e0230007

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Sandy texture soils have a great expression in agricultural areas worldwide. In the Baixada Fluminense, soils with a sandy texture on the surface horizons are striking, and a good part of these areas is destined for producing vegetables using conventional cultivation methods. The sandy texture is one of the great challenges for agriculture due to the low water retention capacity provided to the soil, the rapid decomposition of organic matter, and the intense loss of nutrients by leaching. In these areas, the action of erosive processes is sometimes observed, whether water or wind erosion. The practices carried out in conventional agriculture can accentuate these processes. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different soil management systems, with different vegetation covers, on the pathways of aggregate formation, the nutrient contents contained therein, and the organic matter fractions, with the objective of using these properties as indicators of soil quality. The study was carried out in an organic production unit, with no-till system (NT) and conventional system (CT), three vegetal covers were evaluated, namely; seed cocktail 1 (C1) (Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea) (20 kg ha-1), Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis) (150 kg ha-1) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum) (60 kg ha-1)), and seed cocktail 2 (C2) (with 50 % of the amount of seeds used in C1), and spontaneous plants (S. P). Undisturbed samples were collected at the layers of 0.00-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m, and, from these samples, aggregates with a diameter between 9.7 and 8.0 mm were classified according to the formation route (Biogenic or Physicogenic). From these, the chemical properties were quantified (pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, P, Na+, K+), and also the carbon fractions (total organic carbon – TOC, mineral-associated organic carbon – MAOC), particulate organic carbon – POC, and free light fraction carbon – LFC). Based on the results, it was verified that the percentage of biogenic aggregates was higher than the physicogenic one in the layer of 0.00-0.05 m, not being verified influences of the vegetal coverage or the management system. Chemical properties did not differ significantly between training pathways. The CT, for the most part, was the system in which the highest values of chemical properties were observed, and in general, the C2 and S.P coatings were the ones that provided the greatest improvements for chemical properties and carbon content.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20230007

12.

Edaphic properties in a eucalyptusforest ecotone in the Nova Baden State Park, Southeastern Brazil
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Fonseca Júnior, Ariovaldo Machado

; Pinto, Luiz Alberto Silva Rodrigues

; Silva, Cristiane Figueira da

; Ferreira, Robert

; Morais, Igor de Sousa

; Camara, Rodrigo

; Delgado, Rafael Coll

; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e0230074

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT State parks are integral protection units created to protect ecosystems. However, anthropic activities may have been previously performed before their creation, forming transitional areas. Studies that evaluate the modifications of edaphic properties in these environments are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in soil properties and litter stock in areas of eucalyptus-forest ecotones. Litter stock (Stocklitter) and total soil organic carbon content and stock (TOCsoil), weighted mean diameter (MWD), origin of aggregates (biogenic or physicogenic) and respective content of total organic carbon (TOCBio and TOCPhy), total organic carbon (TOCAG), soil organic matter chemical fractions [fulvic acid (FAC), humic (HAC), and humin (HUMC)], and particulate, mineral-associated, free light and intra-aggregate light (POC, MAOC, FLFC, and ILFC) soil organic matter, fertility, and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) fractions were evaluated in aggregates (layer 0.00-0.10 m) in areas of eucalyptus-forest ecotone (Eco), preserved forest fragment (For), and eucalyptus plantation (Euc), in Nova Baden State Park, Lambari–MG. In the Euc and Eco areas, the highest Stocklitter content was found. Higher values of TOCsoil, TOCAG, GRSP, and MWD were observed in the Euc area. In the biogenic aggregates, the highest content of TOCBio, HAC, HUMC, POC, MAOC, FLFC, and ILFC was determined in detriment of the physicogenic ones. The dynamics of edaphic properties in the Eco area showed greater similarity with the For area than in the Euc area. In general, all vegetation covers contribute to the maintenance of soil quality.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20230074

13.

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 Nº 4 elocation e20230051

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

14.

Use of alternative diluent ACP-Lact® and coconut water powder (ACP) in cryopreservation of goat semen and fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in half-breed goats
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Cabral, Leonardo Alves Rodrigues

; Pacheco, Wallisson Bruno de Morais

; Santos, Suane Silva Alves dos

; Prado, Adriano da Silva

; Rufino, Luis Alberto Linhares

; Salgueiro, Cristiane Clemente de Mello

; Paula, Ney Rômulo de Oliveira

; Montenegro, Assis Rubens

; Nunes, José Ferreira

Animal Reproduction

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2023, Volume 20 Nº 3 elocation e20230081

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate semen cryopreservation with ACP-Lact® diluent, which consists of coconut water powder (ACP) added to goat milk powder. After thawing, the samples were evaluated for sperm kinetics, membrane evaluation and in vivo insemination. For cryopreservation, a pool was made with the ejaculate of six goats, diluted in four equal aliquots for the respective treatments: T1 (ACP-Lact®); T2 (ACP-Lact® 50%); T3 (ACP + 2.5% egg yolk) and T4 (Tris + 2.5% egg yolk). After dilution of the treatments, the samples were placed in 0.5 ml straws and chilled at a rate of -1.07°C/min. After reaching 4°C and stabilizing for one hour, the straws were placed in nitrogen vapour at -60°C for 15 minutes and then immersed in liquid nitrogen (-196ºC). The straws were thawed in a 37°C water bath and kinetic assessments were performed immediately using a computerized semen analysis program (CSA), viability (EN), membrane functionality (HOST), mitochondrial activity (DAB) and DNA integrity assessment of spermatozoa. For the in vivo experiment, ten goats were inseminated, divided into two groups of five goats each, G1 inseminated with ACP-Lact® and G2 with ACP, by fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Regarding the kinetic parameters, the ACP-Lact® treatment showed higher progressive motility (PM) and sperm velocity than the other treatments (36.77%). In the VSL parameter the ACP-Lact diluent was superior to ACP and Tris. In viability the treatment with ACP-Lact® was superior to the treatment with Tris, 95% and 83% respectively. In FTAI two goats were born out of the 5 goats inseminated with ACP-Lact®. It was concluded that the use of ACP-Lact® for cryopreservation of caprine semen is efficient in maintaining seminal parameters during thawing in vitro and in vivo and proved to be a good alternative extender for the caprine species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0081

15.

SCSBRS126 Dueto: irrigated rice variety resilient to cold and heat at reproductive stage SCSBRS SCSBRS12 Dueto SCSBRS1
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Marschalek, Rubens

; Souza, Natalia Maria de

; Terres, Laerte Reis

; Sangoi, Luis

; Oliveira, Douglas George de

; Stürmer, Francieli Weber

; Colombari-Filho, José Manoel

; Scheuermann, Klaus Konrad

; Vale, Marcos Lima Campos do

; Andrade, Alexander de

; Pereira, Adriana

; Wickert, Ester

; Silva, Debora Lainy

; Rebelo, Andrey Martinez

; Facchinello, Paulo Henrique Karling

; Magalhães Junior, Ariano Martins de

; Verdi, Ricieri

; Hickel, Eduardo Rodrigues

; Noldin, José Alberto

; Trabaquini, Kleber

; Rozzetto, Diane Simon

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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2023, Volume 23 Nº 3 elocation e45492335

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract SCSBRS126 Dueto is a late-maturing high yield performing cultivar released by Epagri/Embrapa/Udesc. It has high tillering capacity, but poor resistance to lodging, medium resistance to blast, with long, slender grains and good sensory/cooking traits, and it has lower sterility under cold stress at microsporogenesis/anthesis and under heat at anthesis. SCSBRS SCSBRS12 latematuring late maturing EpagriEmbrapaUdesc Epagri Embrapa Udesc Epagri/Embrapa/Udesc capacity lodging blast long sensorycooking sensory cooking traits microsporogenesisanthesis microsporogenesis anthesis SCSBRS1

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n3c28

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