Retenção de zinco em solos paulistas

Zinc retention in soils of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Resumos

Para avaliar os atributos do solo que têm maior influência na retenção de zinco, desenvolveram-se experimentos de laboratório com amostras de horizontes superficial e subsuperficial de quatro latossolos, dois podzólicos e uma terra roxa estruturada de grande importância geográfica e econômica no Estado de São Paulo. No experimento de retenção, as amostras foram equilibradas com soluções de Zn nas concentrações 0,0, 0,3, 0,6, 0,9, 1,5, 3,0, 6,0, 9,0, 12,0 e 24,0 (x 10-3)mg/dm³ de Zn usando-se uma solução de CaCl2 na concentração de 2 mol/m³ como suporte. Correlacionaram-se os coeficientes das equações de Langmuir e Freundlich com os diversos atributos do solo. Tendo em vista a possibilidade de estimar a energia de ligação e a adsorção máxima de zinco pelos coeficientes da equação de Langmuir, verificaram com auxílio de regressões linear simples e múltipla as correlações entre os atributos e esses coeficientes. Considerando a análise de regressão múltipla como o procedimento mais adequado, verificou-se que o coeficiente relativo de energia de ligação mostrou-se mais bem correlacionado com o pH, o Fe extraído com oxalato e o Al extraído com ditionito. Para a adsorção máxima, o pH e a CTC foram as propriedades que melhor explicaram esse coeficiente.

zinco; retenção; propriedades do solo

Soil atributes that influence the most on zinc retention in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated. Laboratory assays were developed with samples from surface and subsurface horizons of the following: four latosols, two podzolics, and one "terra roxa estruturada". Zinc retention was evaluated by equilibrating the samples with solutions containing 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, l.5, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0 and 24.0 mg/dm³ of Zn, using CaCl2 solution in the concentration of 2 mol/m³ as support. Coefficients of the Langmuir and Freundlich equations were correlated with several soil attributes. Taking into consideration that binding energy and maximum adsorption of zinc can be evaluated by the coefficients of the Langmuir equation, correlations were obtained using simple linear and multiple regression analysis. Through multiple regression it was evidenced that binding energy was mostly correlated with pH, Fe extracted with ammonium oxalate, and aluminum extracted with citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate. The maximum adsorption was better related to pH and CEC.

zinc; retention; soil properties

VI. ADUBAÇÃO E NUTRIÇÃO DE PLANTAS

Retenção de zinco em solos paulistas

Zinc retention in soils of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Rodrigo César de Araújo Cunha^I; Otávio Antonio de Camargo^{II, IV}; Toshiaki Kinjo^III

^ICETESB, Av. Prof. Frederico Hermann Jr., 345, 04489-900, São Paulo (SP)

^IISeção de Pedologia, Instituto Agronômico, Caixa Postal 28, 13001-970, Campinas (SP)

^IIIDepartamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Caixa Postal 09, 13418-900 Piracicaba (SP)

IVCom bolsa de pesquisa do CNPq

RESUMO

Para avaliar os atributos do solo que têm maior influência na retenção de zinco, desenvolveram-se experimentos de laboratório com amostras de horizontes superficial e subsuperficial de quatro latossolos, dois podzólicos e uma terra roxa estruturada de grande importância geográfica e econômica no Estado de São Paulo. No experimento de retenção, as amostras foram equilibradas com soluções de Zn nas concentrações 0,0, 0,3, 0,6, 0,9, 1,5, 3,0, 6,0, 9,0, 12,0 e 24,0 (x 10^-3)mg/dm³ de Zn usando-se uma solução de CaCl₂ na concentração de 2 mol/m³ como suporte. Correlacionaram-se os coeficientes das equações de Langmuir e Freundlich com os diversos atributos do solo. Tendo em vista a possibilidade de estimar a energia de ligação e a adsorção máxima de zinco pelos coeficientes da equação de Langmuir, verificaram com auxílio de regressões linear simples e múltipla as correlações entre os atributos e esses coeficientes. Considerando a análise de regressão múltipla como o procedimento mais adequado, verificou-se que o coeficiente relativo de energia de ligação mostrou-se mais bem correlacionado com o pH, o Fe extraído com oxalato e o Al extraído com ditionito. Para a adsorção máxima, o pH e a CTC foram as propriedades que melhor explicaram esse coeficiente.

Termos de indexação: zinco, retenção, propriedades do solo.

ABSTRACT

Soil atributes that influence the most on zinc retention in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated. Laboratory assays were developed with samples from surface and subsurface horizons of the following: four latosols, two podzolics, and one "terra roxa estruturada". Zinc retention was evaluated by equilibrating the samples with solutions containing 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, l.5, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0 and 24.0 mg/dm³ of Zn, using CaCl₂ solution in the concentration of 2 mol/m³ as support. Coefficients of the Langmuir and Freundlich equations were correlated with several soil attributes. Taking into consideration that binding energy and maximum adsorption of zinc can be evaluated by the coefficients of the Langmuir equation, correlations were obtained using simple linear and multiple regression analysis. Through multiple regression it was evidenced that binding energy was mostly correlated with pH, Fe extracted with ammonium oxalate, and aluminum extracted with citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate. The maximum adsorption was better related to pH and CEC.

Index terms: zinc, retention, soil properties.

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Recebido para publicação em 18 de fevereiro e aceito em 21 de setembro de 1994.

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  16 Out 2007
• Data do Fascículo
  1994

Histórico

• Recebido
  18 Fev 1994
• Aceito
  21 Set 1994