Knowledge, attitudes, prevention and opinion of nursing professionals regarding COVID-19: analytical study

Torres-Contreras, Claudia Consuelo; Bravo-Gómez, Moisés Alfonso; Rivera-Carvajal, Raquel; Castillo-Blanco, Mario; Cáceres-Rivera, Diana Isabel

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.7412.4416

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Original Article • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 33 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.7412.4416 linkcopy

Knowledge, attitudes, prevention and opinion of nursing professionals regarding COVID-19: analytical study^*

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective: to analyze the relationship between the knowledge, prevention, attitudes and opinion of nursing professionals in adult intensive care units regarding COVID-19 and their sociodemographic and work characteristics.

Method: cross-sectional, analytical study. 124 nursing professionals who worked in adult intensive care units after the COVID-19 pandemic were included. To measure the variables, the Awareness, Attitudes, Prevention and Perceptions of COVID-19 Outbreak among Nurses questionnaire was used. To identify differences between the groups, the following tests were used: Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U, Pearson correlation, and multiple analysis in logistic regression for each dimension.

Results: participants with a workplace in private institutions showed a tendency towards better scores in awareness OR=3.92 (95%CI:1.50; 10.25), in prevention OR=8.93 (95%CI:3.12; 25.565), in attitude OR=2.77 (95%CI: 1.16; 6.58) and in perception with an OR= 19.65 (95%CI: 5.85; 65.94). In attitude, male participants showed a better result with OR=3.31 (95%CI: 1.18; 9.23) and in relation to perception, those who showed the best results were those with postgraduate studies as specialists OR=7.60 (95%CI: 1.73; 33.23).

Conclusion: working in a private institution and having a postgraduate specialization degree were related to better scores in the dimensions of the scale.

Descriptors:
COVID-19; Learning; Intensive Care Units; Nursing Research; Advanced Practice Nursing; Critical Care Nursing

Highlights:

(1) Years of experience presented a positive correlation with knowledge.

(2) High levels of awareness, practices, prevention and opinions were obtained.

(3) Professionals with specialization have higher COVID-19 KAB scores.

(4) Older nursing professionals tended to have lower scores in the dimensions of the instrument (knowledge, prevention, attitude and opinion).

(5) The pandemic period improves knowledge and practices in nursing.

Feature	%(n)	Knowledge			Prevention			Attitude			Opinion
	100(124)	4.36	(4; 4.58)		4.73	(4.07; 5)		4.20	(4; 5)		4	(4; 4.75)
Age in years				0.5795			0.6931			0.8182			0.1364
25-30	46.77(58)	4.36	(4.04; 4.58)		4.69	(4.07; 5)		4.20	(3.60; 5)		4	(3.75; 4.50)
31-35	30.65(38)	4.27	(3.91; 4.55)		4.80	(4; 5)		4.40	(4; 4.80)		4.37	(4; 4.75)
36-40	8.87(11)	4.47	(3.88; 4.63)		5	(4.07; 5)		4.60	(3,20; 5)		4	(3.75; 5)
41-45	10.48(13)	4.38	(3.94; 4.55)		4.38	(4.07; 4.92)		4	(4; 4.40)		4.25	(4; 5)
> 46	3.23(4)	4.47	(4.31; 4.68)		4.92	(4.61; 5)		4.60	(4; 5)		4.85	(4,12; 5)
Sex				0.2397			0,0016			0.0525			0.2965
Female	76.61(95)	4.29	(3.97; 4.58)		4.69	(4.62; 4.92)		4.20	(4; 4.80)		4	(4; 4.75)
Male	23.39(29)	4.50	(4.22; 4.61)		5	(4.38; 5)		4.80	(4,20; 5)		4.50	(4; 5)
Marital status				0.9508			0.0941			0.2618			0.1399
Single	69.35(86)	4.36	(3.97; 4.58)		4.73	(4.07; 5)		4.20	(4; 5)		4	(4; 4.50)
Married	29.03(36)	4.37	(4.02; 4.58)		4.80	(4,15; 5)		4.20	(4; 4.80)		4.50	(4; 5)
Divorced	1.61(2)	4.30	(4.22; 4.38)		2.57	(1.15; 4)		2.90	(1.80; 4)		4.37	(3.75; 5)
Educational level				0.3186			0.5817			0.2343			0.2767
Professional	77.42(96)	4.27	(3.97; 4.58)		4.69	(4.07; 5)		4.20	(4; 5)		4	(4; 4.75)
Specialist	18.55(23)	4.50	(4.25; 4.63)		4.84	(4,15; 5)		4.60	(4; 5)		4.25	(4; 4.75)
Master’s degree	4.03(5)	4.37	(4.34; 4.41)		4.92	(4.69; 4.92)		4.20	(3.60; 4.60)		5	(4.5; 5)
Workplace				0.0199			0.0166			0.4375			<0.0001
Public	42.98(49)	4.22	(3.94; 4.55)		4.07	(4; 5)		4	(4; 4.80)		4	(3.75; 4)
Private	57.02(65)	4.41	(4.22; 4.61)		4.76	(4.38; 5)		4.20	(4; 4.80)		4.50	(4; 5)

Feature	Knowledge	Prevention	Attitude	Opinion
Age in years
25-30	1	1	1	1
31-35	0.23 (0.07, 0.78)*	0.20 (0.05, 0.77)*	1.12 (0.38, 3.22)	1.18 (0.34, 4.01)
36-40	0.12 (0.01, 1.09)	0.21 (0.02, 2.16)	0.85 (0.12, 6.05)	0.26 (0.03, 2.18)
≥ 41 years	0.13 (0.00, 1.90)	0.06 (0.00, 1.13)	0.28 (0.02, 2.83)	0.85 (0.06, 10.78)
Sex
Female	1	1	1	1
Male	2.32 (0.73, 7.39)	2.73 (0.78, 9.55)	3.31 (1.18; 9.23)*	1.20 (0.41, 3.48)
Marital status
Single	1	1	1	1
Married	0.93 (0.34, 2.53)	1.24 (0.43, 3.59)	1.01 (0.41, 2.48)	1.78 (0.61, 5.19)
Educational level
Professional	1	1	1	1
Specialist	2.98 (0.79, 11.15)	2.36 (0.64, 8.63)	2.84 (0.89, 9.06)	7.60 (1.73; 33.23)^†
Workplace
Public	1	1	1	1
Private	3.92 (1.50, 10.25)	8.93 (3.12; 25.565)^‡	2.77 (1.16; 6.58)*	19.65 (5.85; 65.94)^‡

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[1] Note: p-value: Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test

Knowledge, attitudes, prevention and opinion of nursing professionals regarding COVID-19: analytical study*

Highlights:

Knowledge, attitudes, prevention and opinion of nursing professionals regarding COVID-19: analytical study^*