Lima et al.,3131 Lima AA, Kvalsund MP, Souza PP, Figueiredo ÍL, Soares AM, Mota RM, Lima NL, Pinkerton RC, Patrick PP, Guerrant RL, Oriá RB. Zinc, vitamin A, and glutamine supplementation in Brazilian shantytown children at risk for diarrhea results in sex-specific improvements in verbal learning. Clinics (São Paulo). 2013; 68 (3): 351-8. 2013 |
167 children, aged 3 months to nine years, with short stature, living in favelas in Fortaleza,CE |
No evaluation |
Supplementation alone or combined with zinc, vitamin A and glutamine |
-Significantly higher verbal learning scores in female children supplemented with zinc, vitamin A and glutamine than those supplemented with zinc and vitamin A and those receiving placebo alone |
Moura et al.,3232 Moura JE, Moura ENO, Alves CX, Vale SHL, Dantas MMG, Silva AA, Almeida Md, Leite LD, Brandão-Neto J. Oral Zinc supplementation may improve cognitive function in schoolchildren. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013; 155: 23-8. 2013 |
36 children, aged 6 to 9 years, from Natal, RN |
Biochemical evaluation: serum zinc |
Zinc suplementation |
-Significant improvement in Verbal Intelligence Quotient and in Intelligence Quotient Performance after supplementation -Significant increase in serious zinc levels during intravenous administration of zinc and after supplementation -Significant increases in plasma concentrations of GH Growth Hormone during intravenous administration of zinc -Significant increase in plasma concentrations of IGF-1-like Growth Factor and IGFBP3 Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 after supplementation |
Alves et al.,3333 Alves CX, Vale SHL, Dantas MMG, Maia AA, Franca MC, Marchini JS, Leite LD, Brandao-Neto J. Positive effects of zinc supplementation on growth, GH, IGF1, and IGFBP3 in eutrophic children. J Pediatr Endocr Met. 2012; 25 (9-10): 881-7. 2012 |
30 children, aged 6 to 9 years, enrolled in schools in the city of Natal, RN |
Biochemical evaluation: serum zinc |
Supplementation with zinc versus intravenous zinc administration |
-Significant increase in weight and consumption of energy, protein, carbohydrate, calcium, iron and zinc after supplementation -Positive correlation between the areas under the curve of Growth Hormone GH and zinc after supplementation |
Mitter et al.,3434 Mitter SS, Oriá RB, Kvalsund MP, Pamplona P, Joventino ES, Mota RM, Gonçalves DC, Patrick PD, Guerrant RL, Lima AAM. Apolipoprotein E4 influences growth and cognitive responses to micronutrient supplementation in shantytown children from northeast Brazil. Clinics (São Paulo). 2012; 67 (1): 11-8. 2012 |
213 children, aged 2 months to 9 years, with short height, living in favelas in Fortaleza, CE |
No evaluation |
Supplementation alone or combined with zinc, vitamin A and glutamine |
-Improvements in the lactulose/mannitol ratio in children with apolipoprotein E positive and apolipoprotein E negative genotype after supplementation with vitamin A, zinc and glutamine -No significant differences in the anthropometric indices (W/A, H/A, W/H) between groups |
Marreiro et al.,3535 Marreiro DN, Geloneze B, Tambascia MA, Lerário AC, Halpern A, Cozzolino SM. Effect of zinc supplementation on serum leptin levels and insulin resistance of obese women. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2006; 112(2): 109-18. 2006 |
56 obese women, aged 25 to 45, from São Paulo |
Biochemical evaluation: plasma zinc, urinary zinc, erythrocyte zinc |
Suplementation with zinc versus placebo |
-Lack of statistically significant difference between groups in relation to anthropometric and body composition parameters, fasting glycemia, leptin concentrations, and plasma and erythrocyte zinc concentrations -Significant increase in urinary zinc concentration in supplemented women -Significant reduction of insulin concentrations and the Homeostasis Assessment Model Index in supplemented women |
Silva et al.,3636 Silva AP, Vitolo MR, Zara LF, Castro CF. Effects of zinc supplementation on 1-to-5-year old children. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006; 82 (3): 227-31. 2006 |
58 children, aged 12-59 months, participating in the Governmental Program to Combat Nutritional Deficiencies, living in the city of São Sebastião, DF |
Biochemical evaluation: serum zinco |
Zinc suplementation versus placebo |
-Height and weight growth evolution after supplementation in both groups, but without statistical difference between them -Significant difference in zinc and iron concentrations after supplementation, with higher mean values in the supplemented group |
Campos Júnior et al.,3737 Campos Júnior D, Veras Neto MC, Silva Filho VL, Leite MF, Holanda MB, Cunha NF. Zinc supplementation may recover taste for salt meals. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004; 80 (1): 55-9. 2004 |
40 under-five children, with lack of appetite for salt meals, assisted at the University Hospital of Brasília, DF |
No evaluation |
Zinc suplementation versus placebo |
-The recovery of appetite for salt meals was significantly higher in children supplemented with zinc than in the placebo group |
Al-Sonboli et al.,3838 Al-Sonboli N, Gurgel RQ, Shenkin A, Hart CA, Cuevas LE. Zinc supplementation in Brazilian children with acute diarrhoea. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2003; 23(1): 3-8. 2003 |
74 children younger than 3 months to 60 months, with acute diarrhea, assisted at emergency services in Aracaju, SE |
Biochemical evaluation: serum zinc |
Zinc suplementation versus placebo |
-Significant reduction in the number of days with diarrhea and liquid stools, number of evacuations, and number of days of hospital stay in the group of children supplemented with zinc, when compared to the placebo group |
Chen P et al.,3939 Chen P, Soares AM, Lima AA, Gamble MV, Schorling JB, Conway M, Barrett LJ, Blaner WS, Guerrant RL. Association of vitamin A and zinc status with altered intestinal permeability: analyses of cohort data from north-eastern Brazil. J Health Popul Nutr. 2003; 21 (4): 309-15. 2003 |
75 children, aged 2 to 97 months, living in the urban area of Fortaleza, CE |
Biochemical evaluation: serum zinc |
Supplementation with vita-min A versus zinc |
-Lack statistically significant difference between serum zinc concentrations and children's age -There was a significant increase in the H/A index after supplementation |
Cuevas et al.,4040 Cuevas LE, Almeida LM, Mazunder P, Paixão AC, Silva AM, Maciel L, Hart CA, Coulter JB. Effect of zinc on the tuberculin response of children exposed to adults with smear-positive tuberculosis. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2002; 22 (4): 313-9. 2002 |
98 children, younger than 15 years, exposed to adults with smear-pos-itive pulmonary tubercu-losis, Aracaju, SE |
No evaluation |
Zinc suplementation versus placebo |
-The mean diameter of the hardening area observed in the tuberculin test was significantly higher in children supplemented with zinc than in the placebo group, regardless of the nutritional status evaluated by W/A, H/A, W/H indices |
Donangelo et al.,4141 Donangelo CM, Woodhouse LR, King SM, Viteri FE, King JC. Supplemental zinc lowers measures of iron status in young woman with low iron reserves. J Nutr. 2002; 132 (7): 1860-4. 2002 |
23 women, aged 20 to 28 years, with low iron stores, but without ane-mia, from Rio de Janeiro, RJ |
Biochemical evaluation: plasma zinc, erythrocyte zinc, urinary zinc |
Zinc suplementation versus iron |
-Increase of plasma, erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentrations after zincsupplementation -Absence of effect on plasma, erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentrations after iron supplementation |
Porto et al.,4242 Porto MAS, Oliveira HP, Cunha AJ, Miranda G, Guimarães MM, Oliveira WA, Santos DM. Linear growth and zinc supplementation in children with short stature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 13 (8): 1121-8. 2000 |
18 children, aged 7 to 10 years, with short height, from Rio de Janeiro, RJ |
Biochemical evaluation: plasma zinc |
Zinc suplementation versus placebo |
-Significant increase in growth rate during zinc supplementation that did not persist after discontinuation |
Castro et al.,4343 Castro AV, Mendonça BB, Bloise W, Shuhama T, Brandão Neto J. Effect of zinc administration on thyrotropin releasing hormone-stimulated prolactinemia in healthy men. Biometals 1999; 12(4): 347-52. 1999 |
15 healthy men, with a mean age of 23 years, from São Paulo, SP |
Biochemical evaluation: plasma zinc |
Supplementation with zinc versus placebo and intra-venous administration of zinc versus placebo |
-Significant increase in serum zinc concentrations after oral supplementation and intravenous administration -Lack of effect related to prolactin and thyrotropin-releasing hormone response |
Ashworth et al.,4444 Ashworth A, Morris SS, Lira PI, Grantham-McGregor SM. Zinc supplementation, mental development and behaviour in low birth weight term infants in northeast Brazil. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998; 52 (3): 223-7. 1998 |
205 newborns with low birth weight, born in a hospital in Pernambuco |
No evaluation |
Supplementation with 1 mg of zinc versus 5 mg of zinc versus placebo |
-Absence of significant difference in the mental and psychomotor development scores between groups, after 6 and 12 months of supplementation -Newborns who received 5 mg of zinc showed better behavioral performance than the other groups after 12 months of supplementation |
Lira et al.,4545 Lira PI, Ashworth A, Morris SS. Effect of zinc supplementation on the morbidity, immune function, and growth of low-birth-weight, full-term infants in northeast Brazil. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 68(Supl 2): S418-424. 1998 |
134 newborns, from birth to 26 weeks of age, from Pernambuco |
Assessment of zinc-rich food consumption |
Supplementation with 1mg of zinc versus supplementa-tion with 5mg of zinc versus placebo |
-Newborns who received 5 mg of zinc showed lower prevalence of diarrhea and cough -Significant effect of zinc supplementation on immune function, occurrence of vomiting, fever, loss of appetite and growth |
Marinho et al.,4646 Marinho HA, Shrimpton R, Giugliano R, Burini RC. Influence of enteral parasites on the blood vitamin A levels in preschool children orally supplemented with retinol and/or zinc. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1991; 45 (11): 539-44. 1991 |
471 pre-school children with Ascaris lumbricoides and/or Giardia lamblia enrolled in schools or day care centers in a poor neighborhood of Manaus, AM |
Biochemical evaluation: zinc in hair |
Supplementation with vitamin A and/or zinc versus placebo |
-Significant effect of antiparasitics and supplementation on serum retinol levels |