Free omental graft without vascular microanastomosis in the cutaneous wound healing of rabbits

Fernandes, M.E.S.L.; Peixoto, A.J.R.; Campo, A.C.S.; Borges, D.A.; Pereira, G.O.; Oliveira, J.; Oliveira, L.M.S.; Nogueira, V.A.; Jorge, S.F.; Silva, M.F.A.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-12700

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Veterinary Medicine • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 74 (5) • Sep-Oct 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12700 copy

Free omental graft without vascular microanastomosis in the cutaneous wound healing of rabbits

[Enxerto omental livre sem microanastomose vascular na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em coelhos]

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aims to evaluate the influence of free omental graft without vascular microanastomosis (FOGWVA) on experimental skin healing in rabbits. Through celiotomy, a 9cm² free omental fragment was collected in 36 rabbits, with subsequent production of a deep linear cutaneous wound in the dorsal midline measuring 3cm. In 18 animals from the omental group (OG), the omental fragment collected was fixed subcutaneously with six simple interrupted stitches using a 4-0 polyamide thread. In both treated and control (CG) groups, intradermal dermorrhaphy was performed with 4-0 polyamide thread. Experimental wounds were clinically evaluated every day. Each of the groups was divided into three subgroups of 6 animals each for histopathological evaluation on the 7th, 14th, and 28th days of postoperative. In the OG wounds, the increase in volume (omentum activation) stood out after the second postoperative day. Macroscopy showed an organic reaction to the graft on day 7, with a progressive reduction in addition to neovascularization towards the omental graft. The intense presence of mononuclear cells and collagen deposition on day 7 demonstrated an accelerated process of tissue remodeling and repair. The FOGWVA omental graft remained viable and positively influenced the cutaneous healing of the experimental wounds in rabbits.

Keywords:
collagen; neovascularization; omentum; repair; skin

Histopathological Findings	Group	7 days	14 days	28 days
Neovascularization	OG	1 (1-1)	1 (1-1)	1 (1-1)
Neovascularization	CG	1 (1-1)	1 (1-1)	1 (1-1)
Edema	OG	1 (1-2)^a	1 (1-2)	0 (0-1)^a
Edema	CG	1 (1-1)^a	1 (1-1)	0 (0-0)^a
Polymorphonuclear Cells	OG	1 (1-1)	1 (0-1)	0 (0-1)
Polymorphonuclear Cells	CG	1 (0-1)	1 (1-1)^a	0 (0-0)^a
Mononuclear Cells	OG	1 (1-1)	1 (1-2)	1 (1-1)†
Mononuclear Cells	CG	1 (1-1)	1 (1-1)	0 (0-1)†
Fibroblastic Proliferation	OG	1 (1-1)	1.5 (1-2)	2 (2-2)
Fibroblastic Proliferation	CG	1 (1-2)	1 (1-1)	1 (1-2)
Collagen (Masson)	OG	2 (1-2) §	2 (1-2)	2 (2-2)
Collagen (Masson)	CG	1 (0-1)^a §	1 (1-1)^b	2 (2-2)^a,b
Keratinization	OG	2 (2-3)	3 (3-3)	3 (3-3)
Keratinization	CG	2.5 (2-3)	3 (3-3)	3 (3-3)

Histopathological Findings	Group	7 days	14 days	28 days
Neovascularization	OG	2 (2-2) §	1.5 (1-2)	2 (1-2) §
Neovascularization	CG	1 (1-1)^a §	1 (1-1)^b	0 (0-1)^a,b §
Edema	OG	2.5 (2-3)^a,b †	1.5 (1-2)^a	1 (0-1)^b
Edema	CG	1.5 (1-2)^a †	1 (0-1)	0 (0-0)^a
Polymorphonuclear Cells	OG	2 (1-2)^a	1.5 (1-2)^b †	0 (0-0)^a,b
Polymorphonuclear Cells	CG	1 (0-2)	0.5 (0-1) †	0 (0-0)
Mononuclear Cells	OG	2.5 (2-3) †	2 (2-3) §	2 (2-2) §
Mononuclear Cells	CG	1.5 (1-2)^a †	1 (1-1)^b §	0 (0-0)^a,b §
Fibroblastic Proliferation	OG	3 (2-3)	2 (2-2)	2 (2-2)
Fibroblastic Proliferation	CG	2 (1-3)	1 (1-2)	2 (1-2)
Collagen (Masson)	OG	2 (1-2)^a	2 (1-2)	3 (3-3)^a §
Collagen (Masson)	CG	1 (1-1)	1 (1-1)	2 (2-2) §
Hemorrhage	OG	2 (1-2)^a,b †	0 (0-0)^a	0 (0-0)^b
Hemorrhage	CG	1 (0-1) †	0 (0-0)	0 (0-0)

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária Caixa Postal 567, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte MG - Brazil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2041, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2042 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: abmvz.artigo@gmail.com

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[1] Corresponding author:
dudalopesfer@hotmail.com