In Brazil since the last decade of the XIX century with the republican organisation of the public education, it is observed the beginning of a school movement toward the reading and writing practices and the identification between the process of initial teaching of these practices and the methods issues. Since then the literacy first reader is being consolidated as an essential instrument to concrete the proposed methods. In consequence of certain content of teaching as well as silent but effective conceptions of literacy, reading, writing and text, whose goal and use are limited to the school itself and whose permanence is observed up to nowadays. The objective of this article is to consider the above issues, to question the relationship between the literacy first reader and the school culture and its consequences to the education history and the literacy in our country.
