TRANSITIONING BETWEEN UNIVERSITY AND WORK: UNEQUAL TRAJECTORIES AND AFFIRMATIVE POLICIES11
This article received financing from Fapesp, the São Paulo Research Foundation, through the projects entitled: “Educational Inequalities, Work Transitions, and Social Inclusion in Brazil” (Proc. 2013/50.891-9-Fapesp/University of Texas), Fapesp/Cepid/Cem (2013/07616-7), and INCT/Cem (2008/57843-1). We are grateful for the support of the Permanent Commission of Entrance Exams at the institution we studied. This translation was financed by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.
TRANSITER ENTRE L’UNIVERSITÉ ET LE TRAVAIL: TRAJECTOIRES INÉGALITAIRES ET POLITIQUES D’ACTION POSITIVE
TRANSITANDO ENTRE UNIVERSIDAD Y TRABAJO: TRAYECTORIAS DESIGUALES Y POLÍTICAS AFIRMATIVAS
University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; nadya@usp.brUniversity of São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversity of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; nadya@usp.br
Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brasil; caandrada@gmail.comBrazilian Center of Analysis and PlanningBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilBrazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brasil; caandrada@gmail.com
Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; monise.picanco@gmail.comBrazilian Center of Analysis and PlanningBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilBrazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; monise.picanco@gmail.com
Translated by Jill D. HaringIVIV
Freelance translator; jill@haringestudio.com
IV
Freelance translator; jill@haringestudio.com
NOTE
The authors declare equity in the process of developing the article.
SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS
University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; nadya@usp.brUniversity of São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversity of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; nadya@usp.br
Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brasil; caandrada@gmail.comBrazilian Center of Analysis and PlanningBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilBrazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brasil; caandrada@gmail.com
Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; monise.picanco@gmail.comBrazilian Center of Analysis and PlanningBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilBrazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento - Cebrap), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; monise.picanco@gmail.com
FIGURE 5
CHANGES IN TIME, BETWEEN AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA), AS TO THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANISMS FOR ACCESSING EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION IN OBTAINING THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
FIGURE 7
CONTACTS FOR OBTAINING THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA) (IN %)
FIGURE 8
TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA), IN THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
FIGURE 9
RELATION BETWEEN DEGREE AND AREA OF PROFESSIONAL WORK, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA), IN THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND IN THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
FIGURE 10
REMUNERATION FROM FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB, BY SALARY LEVELS, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA) (IN %)
FIGURE 11
REMUNERATION FROM FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB, BY SALARY RANGE, ACCORDING TO THE LEVEL OF COMPETITIVITY OF THE ACADEMIC DEGREE OBTAINED (IN %)
FIGURE 12
REMUNERATION FROM THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND FROM THE CURRENT JOB, BY SALARY RANGES AND ACCORDING TO SEX (IN %)
FIGURE 1
MAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE GROUPS (“INCOMING STUDENTS, “OUTCOMING STUDENTS” AND SAMPLE)
Source: Authors, based on administrative records provided by the institution.
FIGURE 2
MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE GROUPS (ONLY AA BENEFICIARIES)
Source: Authors, based on administrative records provided by the institution.
FIGURE 3
NUMBER OF WORK CONTRACTS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN GRADUATION AND 2014 BY AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 4
TIME SPENT SEARCHING FOR CURRENT JOB, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 5
CHANGES IN TIME, BETWEEN AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA), AS TO THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANISMS FOR ACCESSING EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION IN OBTAINING THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 6
MOST EFFECTIVE RELATIONAL CONTEXTS THAT PROVIDED ACCESS TO THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND TO THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 7
CONTACTS FOR OBTAINING THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA) (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 8
TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA), IN THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 9
RELATION BETWEEN DEGREE AND AREA OF PROFESSIONAL WORK, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA), IN THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND IN THE CURRENT JOB (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 10
REMUNERATION FROM FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB, BY SALARY LEVELS, FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BENEFICIARIES (AA) AND NON-BENEFICIARIES (NON-AA) (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 11
REMUNERATION FROM FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND THE CURRENT JOB, BY SALARY RANGE, ACCORDING TO THE LEVEL OF COMPETITIVITY OF THE ACADEMIC DEGREE OBTAINED (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
FIGURE 12
REMUNERATION FROM THE FIRST JOB AFTER GRADUATION AND FROM THE CURRENT JOB, BY SALARY RANGES AND ACCORDING TO SEX (IN %)
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
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Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: Authors, based on administrative records provided by the institution.
Source: Authors, based on administrative records provided by the institution.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.
Source: “Panel of graduates”, second wave, June-December of 2014.