Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in <i>Coffeacanephora</i> genotypes

Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio Luiz

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20220005

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BIOLOGY • Cienc. Rural 53 (7) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220005 copy

Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes

Caracteres morfoagronômicos e anatômicos foliares em genótipos de Coffea canephora

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Genetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D²) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.

Key words:
Conilon coffee; Electron Microscopy; Leaf Microscopy; Plant breeding

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: lariciaemerick@gmail.com. ^*Corresponding author

ID	Genotype	ID	Genotype
1	Pirata^*	6	Beira Rio 8^*
2	Verdim R^*	7	P1^**
3	Bamburral^*	8	Verdim TA^**
4	A1^{* **}	9	NV2^**
5	Clementino^*	10	NV8^**

Variables	-------------------QM---------------------
	Genotype	Residue	Means	VCe(%)	VCg (%)	VI	h² (%)
LA	1810.61^**	473.49	90.37	24.08	23.36	0.97	73.85
PL	0.289^**	0.047	1.44	15.09	19.78	1.31	83.75
CV	10.26^**	2.48	15.25	10.33	10.56	1.02	75.83
H	264.29^ns	168.65	80.71	16.09	6.99	0.43	36.18
LPB	200.85^*	62.24	54.72	14.41	12.42	0.86	69.01
NROS	5.53^ns	4.18	10.32	19.8	6.50	0.32	24.45
D	210.78^**	56.2	63.15	11.87	11.36	0.95	73.34
SDM	0.061^**	0.010	1.07	9.37	12.14	1.30	83.43
PD	2.82^**	0.30	13.88	3.96	6.61	1.67	89.33
ED	0.93^**	0.10	9.09	3.55	5.75	1.62	88.67
SPL	3.42^**	0.25	9.75	5.12	10.55	2.06	92.72
SPW	0.44^**	0.089	2.31	12.93	14.85	1.14	79.84
SF	0.03^**	0.006	1.53	5.31	6.11	1.15	79.85
SAI	661.32^**	106.05	128.65	8.00	10.58	1.32	83.96
SD	0.025^**	0.001	0.425	7.86	21.33	2.71	95.66

Genotypes	LA	PL	CV	LPB	D	SDM	PD
Pirata	79.97^b	1.83^a	16.5ª	62.67ª	76.17^a	0.011^a	13.37^c
Verdim R	57.3^b	1.06^b	12.83^b	51.33^b	58.5^b	0.012^a	12.93^c
Bamburral	110.4^a	1.1^b	14.0^b	48.5^b	62.5^b	0.012^a	14.17^b
A1	100.4^a	1.2^b	18.5ª	61.83^a	71.33^a	0.008^b	13.22^c
Clementino	135.13^a	1.53^a	17.83ª	68.5^a	73.67^a	0.011^a	13.41^c
Beira Rio 8	108.87^a	1.13^b	15.0^b	55.0^b	61.33^b	0.012^a	13.96^b
P1	87.27^b	1.33^b	15.5^b	58.83^a	69.5^a	0.011^a	14.00^b
Verdim TA	55.37^b	1.63^a	14.33^b	46.67^b	47.67^b	0.009^b	15.85^a
NV2	78.23^b	1.63^a	13.5^b	42.17^b	58.5^b	0.010^b	12.79^c
NV8	90.77^b	1.9^a	14.5^b	51.67^b	56.33^b	0.010^b	15.10^a
Genotypes	ED	SPL	SPW	SF	SPW	SAI	SD
Pirata	9.17^b	8.87^d	2.44^b	1.47^b	2.44^b	122.53^b	0.563^a
Verdim R	8.65^b	8.85^d	2.36^b	1.50^b	2.36^b	111.45^b	0.403^b
Bamburral	8.91^b	9.41^c	2.22^b	1.59^a	2.22^b	126.35^b	0.413^b
A1	9.03^b	9.25^c	2.27^b	1.47^b	2.27^b	140.67^a	0.417^b
Clementino	8.83^b	9.73^c	2.09^b	1.52^b	2.09^b	117.77^b	0.327^c
Beira Rio 8	8.84^b	10.04^b	2.42^b	1.58^a	2.42^b	123.96^b	0.397^b
P1	8.84^b	10.51^b	3.10^a	1.66^a	3.10^a	117.89^b	0.370^b
Verdim TA	8.42^b	11.36^a	2.40^b	1.71^a	2.40^b	146.93^a	0.563^a
NV2	9.41^b	8.12^d	1.53^b	1.36^b	1.53^b	121.08^b	0.290^c
NV8	10.44^a	11.30^a	2.25^b	1.47^b	2.25^b	157.86^a	0.506^a