The region of Campos Gerais, in the State of Paraná, is considered a distinct dairy farming center. Whole-plant corn silage is a very common regional practice as complementary feeding strategy for dairy cows and the optimization of its use is considered essential in order to reduce production costs. Grain digestibility plays a major role in this process and it is influenced by the hybrid, field conditions, point of harvest and grinding level. The identification of mechanical properties of plant materials, and the quantification of the force required to fragment those materials are relevant parameters for the design of new machinery, able to fulfill such demand. The aim of this study was to quantify the amount of force necessary to fragment corn grains by compression for eleven hybrids commonly planted in the region. For the evaluation purpose, grains harvested at dry stage were employed. Testing equipment consisted of a load cell, a hydraulic system with constant speed, and a V-shaped tip. Results showed that the force of rupture was different for each hybrid, even for those in the same grain texture class ("dent" and/or "flint"). The amount of force necessary was directly proportional to the quantity of corneous endosperm in the grain.
silage; grain texture; mechanical properties of grains
