Attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction associated with adolescents’ perceived health and sleep (PeNSE 2015)

Matias, Thiago de Sousa; Silva, Kelly Samara da; Duca, Giovani Firpo Del; Bertuol, Cecília; Lopes, Marcus Vinicius Veber; Nahas, Markus Vinícius

doi:10.1590/1413-81232020254.19222018

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TEMAS LIVRES • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 25 (4) • Mar 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020254.19222018 copy

Attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction associated with adolescents’ perceived health and sleep (PeNSE 2015)

Insatisfação e atitudes relativas ao peso corporal associada à percepção de saúde e ao sono em adolescentes (PeNSE 2015)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate whether attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction is associated with perceived health and impairments in sleep among a national population-based sample of Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional data from the 2015 National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE). A total of 100.182 students (70.8% were between 14 to 15) in ninth-grade, enrolled in public and private schools were eligible for data analysis. Variables were measured using a questionnaire and binary logistic regression was used. There was association between attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction and perceived health (not controlling weight = OR: 2.19, 95%CI: 2.00-2.40; trying to lose = OR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.75-2.05; gain = OR: 2.22, 95%CI: 2.01-2.46; maintain = OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.54-2.14). Adolescents were also more likely to present impairments in sleep (not controlling weight = OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.11-1.32; trying to lose = OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.08-1.25; gain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.28-1.61; maintain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.22-2.68). Dissatisfaction is an additional concern in the daily life of adolescents, which is associated to depreciation of the quality of sleep and decrement of psychological well-being.

Key words
Body Image; Adolescent; Mental Health; Sleep; Cross-Sectional Studies

Variables		%^* * Weighted proportions.	CI95%
Perceived health
	Positive	73.03	(72.48; 73.57)
	Negative	26.97	(26.43; 27.52)
Impaired sleep
	No	63.82	(63.19; 64.44)
	Yes	36.18	(35.56; 36.81)
Body satisfaction
	Satisfied	72.05	(71.44; 72.65)
	Dissatisfied	27.95	(27.35; 28.56)
Attitude towards body weight
	Not controlling	39.31	(38.71; 39.92)
	Trying to lose	25.64	(25.07; 26.21)
	Trying to gain	16.26	(15.82; 16.70)
	Trying to maintain	18.79	(18.34; 19.25)
Body satisfaction and attitude combined
	Satisfied	72.05	(71.44; 72.65)
	Dissatisfied and not controlling weight	7.84	(7.52; 8.18)
	Dissatisfied and trying to lose weight	12.56	(12.12; 13.01)
	Dissatisfied and trying to gain weight	5.11	(4.85; 5.39)
	Dissatisfied and trying to maintain weight	2.43	(2.26; 2.62)

Variables		Crude		Model 1^a a Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity and occupational status;		Model 2^b b Adjusted for loneliness;		Model 3^c c Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity, occupational status and loneliness.
Variables		OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%
Body satisfaction and attitude combined
	Body satisfaction	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	Body dissatisfaction (not controlling)	2.64	(2.42; 2.88)	2.63	(2.41; 2.87)	2.13	(1.95; 2.33)	2.19	(2.00; 2.40)
	Body dissatisfaction (lose)	2.27	(2.11; 2.45)	2.26	(2.09; 2.44)	1.83	(1.69; 1.98)	1.90	(1.75; 2.05)
	Body dissatisfaction (gain)	2.74	(2.49; 3.01)	2.68	(2.44; 2.95)	2.2	(1.99; 2.43)	2.22	(2.01; 2.46)
	Body dissatisfaction (maintain)	2.07	(1.77; 2.43)	2.11	(1.80; 2.48)	1.75	(1.49; 2.06)	1.81	(1.54; 2.14)

Variables		Crude		Model 1^a a Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity and occupational status;		Model 2^b b Adjusted for loneliness;		Model 3^c c Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity, occupational status and loneliness.
Variables		OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%
Body satisfaction and attitude combined
	Body satisfaction	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	Body dissatisfaction (not controlling)	1.89	(1.73; 2.07)	1.8	(1.64; 1.97)	1.21	(1.11; 1.32)	1.21	(1.11; 1.32)
	Body dissatisfaction (lose)	1.84	(1.73; 1.97)	1.7	(1.59; 1.82)	1.18	(1.09; 1.27)	1.16	(1.08; 1.25)
	Body dissatisfaction (gain)	2.24	(2.00; 2.50)	2.15	(1.92; 2.40)	1.42	(1.27; 1.60)	1.43	(1.28; 1.61)
	Body dissatisfaction (maintain)	1.93	(1.66; 2.24)	1.95	(1.68; 2.27)	1.39	(1.18; 1.62)	1.43	(1.22; 1.68)

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[1] Collaborations

TS Matias conceived and were responsible for the design and overall direction of this study; drafted the manuscript; critically revised the manuscript. C Bertuol conceived and were responsible for the design and overall direction of this study; performed statistical analyses and contributed to the interpretation of the results; drafted the manuscript. MVV Lopes conceived and were responsible for the design and overall direction of this study; performed statistical analyses and contributed to the interpretation of the results; drafted the manuscript. KS Silva were involved in interpretation of the results; critically revised the manuscript. GF Del Duca were involved in interpretation of the results; critically revised the manuscript. MV Nahas critically revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.