This paper proposes an analysis of the question of psychopathology and the view of Dialetics in the reflections of Heraclitus of Ephesus and the dialogical philosophy of Martin Buber, as foundations for a gestaltic compreension of reality. The basic idea to trace an elaboration of psychopathology in Gestalt Therapy is the notion that "everything is a whole", like a counterpoint of a traditional nosographic view that considers pathology as individual or intra-psychic. Psychopathology is interpreted like a product of subjectivity that is caracterized, basically, to be an intersubjectivity. Beginning by an epistemology ofGestalt-Therapy, the article traces a historical panorama of the thinkings that fonned Gestalt-Therapy, establishing its basics philosophies. The text improves a critics of the traditional psychiatric model based on Thomas Szasz ideas. The core ofthe paper is the dialetical consideration of Gestalt Therapy, by three points: 1) Everything is a whole; 2) Everything changes and 3) Everything is related to everything else; and its correlations with the thinking of Heraclitus of Ephesus. There is an elaboration of psychopathology by the relational view, according Buber, who considers pathology a product of disconfirmation of the being whereas an existent. Psychopathology appears like an event related to the absence of the dialogue. We concludes that the human being might be understood like a being-in-relations. Using a buberian language, the foundation of the relation is the confirmation of the existence of the Other. The final conclusion recognizes Gestalt-Therapy as a theory preoccupied with the ransom of the ethics of living.
Psychopathology; Gestalt-Therapy; dialetics; dialogue