Dinâmica da comunidade vegetal em um fragmento florestal urbano da área metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil

Kondrat, Hebert; Aragaki, Sonia; Gomes, Eduardo Pereira Cabral

Hebert Kondrat ⁴4. Corresponding author: hebert@kondrat.com.br

Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia, Av. Miguel Estefano 3.687, Água Funda, 04301-902 São Paulo, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-1338

Sonia Aragaki

Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa Curadoria do Herbário, Av. Miguel Estefano 3.687, Água Funda, 04301-902 São Paulo, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-8160

Eduardo Pereira Cabral Gomes

Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia, Av. Miguel Estefano 3.687, Água Funda, 04301-902 São Paulo, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-2977

4. Corresponding author: hebert@kondrat.com.br

GROUPS	N₂₀₀₆	N₂₀₁₂	Dead	Recruited	λ
GROUPS	Shrub-tree synusia
< 2.5 cm dbh	243	265 (- 4)	28	50	1.013
≥ 2.5 cm dbh	401	381 (+ 4)	34	14 (+ 4)	0.993
Subtotal	644	646	62	64	1.000
	Climbing plants
< 2.5 cm dbh	66	92	28	54	1.052
≥ 2.5 cm dbh	63	53	17	7	0.951
Subtotal	129	145	45	61	1.018
	Hemiepiphytes
< 2.5 cm dbh	1	3	0	2	1.184
	Early-successional plants
< 2.5 cm dbh	45	40	8	3	0.982
≥ 2.5 cm dbh	105	98	9	2	0.989
Subtotal	150	138	17	5	0.982
	Late-successional plants
< 2.5 cm dbh	198	225 (-4)	20	47	1.020
≥ 2.5 cm dbh	293	283 (+4)	22	12 (+4)	0.997
Subtotal	491	508	42	59	1.005
Total	774	794	107	127	1.003

Species	Family	SG/H	N° Col.	RF (%)		RD (%)
Species	Family	SG/H	N° Col.	2006	2012	2006	2012
Geonoma gamiova Barb.Rodr. +++	Arecaceae	L	-	2.65	2.65	6.06	6.82
Calyptranthes grandifolia O.Berg	Myrtaceae	L	78	2.94	2.95	6.06	5.74
Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma +++	Sapotaceae	L	1	2.35	2.36	3.88	4.34
Dendropanax exilis (Toledo) S.L.Jung +++	Araliaceae	L	105	2.35	2.95	3.42	4.19
Cordiera myrciifolia (K.Schum.) C.H.Perss. & Delprete	Rubiaceae	L	151	2.65	2.65	4.35	4.19
Cupania oblongifolia Mart.	Sapindaceae	E	171	2.35	2.65	3.88	3.88
Rudgea jasminoides (Cham.) Müll.Arg.	Rubiaceae	L	11	2.35	2.06	4.50	3.88
Eugenia pruinosa D.Legrand * +++	Myrtaceae	L	129	2.94	2.95	4.19	3.72
Guarea macrophylla Vahl	Meliaceae	E	15	2.35	2.36	3.73	3.57
Eugenia excelsa O.Berg	Myrtaceae	L	7	2.06	2.36	2.33	2.64
Eugenia handroana D.Legrand +++	Myrtaceae	L	33	2.06	2.06	2.33	2.33
Actinostemon klotzschii (Didr.) Pax +++	Euphorbiaceae	L	6	1.18	1.47	2.17	2.17
Cryptocarya mandioccana Meisn. +++	Lauraceae	L	2	2.06	1.77	1.71	1.86
Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.	Myrtaceae	E	96	1.76	1.47	2.02	1.86
Euterpe edulis Mart. **	Arecaceae	L	-	0.88	2.06	0.62	1.71
Neomitranthes glomerata (D.Legrand) D.Legrand +++	Myrtaceae	L	83	1.47	1.47	1.71	1.71
Eugenia brevistyla D.Legrand +++	Myrtaceae	L	5	1.18	1.77	0.93	1.55
Myrcia tijucensis Kiaersk. +++	Myrtaceae	L	147	1.76	1.77	1.71	1.55
Faramea montevidensis (Cham. & Schltdl.) DC. +++	Rubiaceae	L	18	1.76	1.77	1.55	1.55
Myrcia aethusa (O.Berg) N.Silveira +++	Myrtaceae	L	163	1.47	1.47	1.55	1.55
Cordia sellowiana Cham.	Boraginaceae	E	197	2.35	1.77	2.02	1.40
Myrcia pubipetala Miq. +++	Myrtaceae	L	99	1.47	1.47	1.55	1.24
Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman	Arecaceae	E	-	1.18	0.88	1.40	1.24
Trichilia silvatica C.DC. **	Meliaceae	L	130	0.88	0.88	1.40	1.24
Calyptranthes lucida Mart. ex DC. +++	Myrtaceae	L	79	1.47	1.47	1.09	1.09
Sloanea obtusifolia (Moric.) Schum. * +++	Elaeocarpaceae	L	14	1.18	1.18	0.93	1.09
Aspidosperma olivaceum Müll.Arg.	Apocynaceae	L	184	1.76	1.77	0.93	0.93
Podocarpus sellowii Klotzsch ex Endl. *	Podocarpaceae	L	172	1.47	1.47	0.78	0.93
Geonoma schottiana Mart.	Arecaceae	L	-	0.59	0.59	0.93	0.93
Amaioua intermedia Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.	Rubiaceae	E	167	1.47	1.47	0.78	0.78
Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer *	Lauraceae	L	196	1.18	1.18	0.78	0.78
Eugenia copacabanensis Kiaersk. +++	Myrtaceae	L	169	1.18	1.18	0.78	0.78
Ecclinusa ramiflora Mart.	Sapotaceae	L	221	0.88	1.18	0.62	0.78
Xylopia brasiliensis Spreng.	Annonaceae	L	27	0.59	0.88	0.62	0.78
Trichilia emarginata (Turcz.) C.DC. ** +++	Meliaceae	L	134	0.88	0.88	0.78	0.78
Psychotria suterella Müll.Arg.	Rubiaceae	L	215	1.18	0.29	1.40	0.78
Sloanea hirsuta (Schott) Planch. ex Benth.	Elaeocarpaceae	L	195	1.18	1.18	0.62	0.62
Myrcia laxiflora Cambess. +++	Myrtaceae	L	153	1.18	1.18	0.62	0.62
Ocotea teleiandra (Meisn.) Mez +++	Lauraceae	L	193	0.88	0.88	0.78	0.62
Mouriri chamissoana Cogn. +++	Melastomataceae	L	101	0.88	0.88	0.62	0.62
Piper solmsianum C.DC.	Piperaceae	E	194	0.88	0.88	0.62	0.62
Casearia sylvestris Sw.	Salicaceae	E	62	0.88	0.88	0.47	0.62
Schefflera calva (Cham.) Frodin & Fiaschi +++	Araliaceae	L	56	0.59	0.59	0.62	0.62
Ocotea venulosa (Nees) Baitello +++	Lauraceae	L	189	0.59	0.59	0.62	0.62
Eugenia neoglomerata Sobral +++	Myrtaceae	L	165	0.59	0.59	0.62	0.62
Guapira opposita (Vell.) Reitz	Nyctaginaceae	L	139	1.18	0.59	0.93	0.62
Protium widgrenii Engl.	Burseraceae	E	188	0.88	0.88	0.62	0.47
Machaerium nyctitans (Vell.) Benth.	Fabaceae	E	190	0.88	0.88	0.47	0.47
Ocotea brachybotrya (Meisn.) Mez +++	Lauraceae	L	57	0.59	0.88	0.31	0.47
Posoqueria latifolia (Rudge) Schult. +++	Rubiaceae	E	207	0.88	0.88	0.47	0.47
Cordia ecalyculata Vell.	Boraginaceae	E	200	0.59	0.59	0.47	0.47
Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth.	Elaeocarpaceae	L	58	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.47
Nectandra oppositifolia Nees +++	Lauraceae	L	204	0.59	0.59	0.47	0.47
Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart.	Meliaceae	L	170	0.59	0.59	0.47	0.47
Trichilia lepidota Mart. +++	Meliaceae	E	181	0.59	0.59	0.47	0.47
Mollinedia schottiana (Spreng.) Perkins	Monimiaceae	L	71	0.29	0.59	0.16	0.47
Brosimum glaziovii Taub. **	Moraceae	L	13	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.47
Coffea arabica L. # +++	Rubiaceae	L	41	0.00	0.59	0.00	0.47
Hirtella hebeclada Moric. ex DC.	Chrysobalanaceae	L	202	0.29	0.29	0.47	0.47
Tapirira guianensis Aubl.	Anacardiaceae	E	205	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Maprounea guianensis Aubl.	Euphorbiaceae	E	168	0.59	0.59	0.47	0.31
Inga sellowiana Benth. *	Fabaceae	E	192	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm. +++	Lauraceae	L	107	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Ocotea glaziovii Mez +++	Lauraceae	L	142	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Ocotea silvestris Vattimo-Gil +++	Lauraceae	L	64	0.00	0.59	0.00	0.31
Virola bicuhyba (Schott ex Spreng.) Warb. *	Myristicaceae	L	74	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Myrcia strigipes Mart. +++	Myrtaceae	L	125	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Myrcia coelosepala Kiaersk. +++	Myrtaceae	L	154	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Heisteria silvianii Schwacke	Olacaceae	L	166	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Pera glabrata (Schott) Baill.	Peraceae	E	75	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Rudgea gardenioides (Cham.) Müll.Arg. +++	Rubiaceae	L	160	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Matayba juglandifolia (Cambess.) Radlk.	Sapindaceae	E	201	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Solanum pseudoquina A.St.-Hil.	Solanaceae	E	80	0.59	0.59	0.31	0.31
Gonatogyne brasiliensis (Baill.) Müll.Arg. +++	Phyllanthaceae	L	85	0.29	0.29	0.31	0.31
Annona cacans Warm.	Annonaceae	E	141	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Duguetia salicifolia R.E.Fr. ** +++	Annonaceae	L	176	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.	Aquifoliaceae	E	183	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Citronella paniculata (Mart.) R.A.Howard	Cardiopteridaceae	L	177	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Monteverdia evonymoides (Reissek) Biral	Celastraceae	L	186	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Licania hoehnei Pilg.	Chrysobalanaceae	L	191	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Cyathea delgadii Sternb. +++	Cyatheaceae	L	187	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) Müll.Arg.	Euphorbiaceae	E	213	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Andira anthelmia (Vell.) Benth.	Fabaceae	E	98	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Dalbergia brasiliensis Vogel +++	Fabaceae	E	63	0.29	0.29	0.31	0.16
Inga capitata Desv. +++	Fabaceae	E	118	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Inga sessilis (Vell.) Mart.	Fabaceae	E	59	0.00	0.29	0.00	0.16
Machaerium villosum Vogel	Fabaceae	E	173	0.59	0.29	0.31	0.16
Beilschmiedia emarginata (Meisn.) Kosterm. +++	Lauraceae	L	217	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Cryptocarya saligna Mez +++	Lauraceae	L	224	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Ocotea aciphylla (Nees & Mart.) Mez +++	Lauraceae	L	161	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Ocotea catharinensis Mez ** +++	Lauraceae	L	90	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Ocotea dispersa (Nees & Mart.) Mez	Lauraceae	L	203	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Ocotea laxa (Nees) Mez +++	Lauraceae	L	175	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze	Lecythidaceae	L	174	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Leandra variabilis Raddi +++	Melastomataceae	E	76	0.59	0.29	0.31	0.16
Campomanesia phaea (O.Berg) Landrum	Myrtaceae	E	226	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Eugenia cerasiflora Miq.	Myrtaceae	L	216	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Eugenia cereja D.Legrand +++	Myrtaceae	L	156	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Eugenia supraaxillaris Spring +++	Myrtaceae	L	149	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrcia reitzii (D.Legrand) Mazine +++	Myrtaceae	L	209	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrcia citrifolia (Aubl.) Urb. +++	Myrtaceae	L	152	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrcia oblongata DC. +++	Myrtaceae	E	212	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC.	Myrtaceae	E	228	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrcia tenuivenosa Kiaersk. +++	Myrtaceae	L	155	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrciaria floribunda (H.West ex Willd.) O.Berg	Myrtaceae	L	227	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Psidium cattleianum Sabine	Myrtaceae	E	115	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Psidium rufum Mart. ex DC. +++	Myrtaceae	E	214	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Siphoneugena densiflora O.Berg +++	Myrtaceae	L	88	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Cybianthus cuneifolius Mart. +++	Primulaceae	E	179	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Myrsine umbellata Mart.	Primulaceae	E	220	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb.	Rosaceae	E	223	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Ixora gardneriana Benth. +++	Rubiaceae	L	127	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Psychotria vellosiana Benth. +++	Rubiaceae	L	182	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Xylosma glaberrima Sleumer	Salicaceae	E	93	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil. et al.) Hieron. ex Niederl.	Sapindaceae	E	81	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Cupania vernalis Cambess.	Sapindaceae	E	222	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk.	Sapindaceae	E	225	0.29	0.29	0.31	0.16
Vochysia magnifica Warm.	Vochysiaceae	L	208	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.16
Guatteria australis A.St.-Hil.	Annonaceae	L	230	0.29	0.00	0.16	0.00
Piptocarpha sp.	Asteraceae	E	-	0.29	0.00	0.16	0.00
Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi	Clusiaceae	L	111	0.29	0.00	0.16	0.00
Cyatheales sp.1	Cyatheales	L	-	0.59	0.00	0.31	0.00
Mollinedia triflora (Spreng.) Tul.	Monimiaceae	L	229	0.29	0.00	0.16	0.00
Sorocea bonplandii (Baill.) W.C.Burger et al.	Moraceae	E	-	0.29	0.00	0.16	0.00
Myrtaceae sp.1	Myrtaceae	-	-	0.29	0.00	0.16	0.00
Philodendron appendiculatum Nadruz & Mayo	Araceae	He	91	-	-	-	-
Hippocratea volubilis L.	Celastraceae	CP	128	-	-	-	-
Salacia elliptica (Mart.) G.Don	Celastraceae	CP	12	-	-	-	-
Machaerium brasiliense Vogel	Fabaceae	CP	16	-	-	-	-

Groups	Basal Area (m² ha^-1)				λ
Groups	2006	2012	Decrease	Increase	λ
Shrub-tree community	24.32	27.10	1.07	3.85	1.015
Climbing plants	1.564	1.559	0.599	0.594	0.970

Groups	M (% year ^-1)		R (% year ^-1)
Groups	< 2.5	≥ 2.5	< 2.5	≥ 2.5
Shrub-tree synusia	1.94	1.31	2.67	0.82
Climbing plants	8.08	5.18	11.25	1.04
Early-successional plants	3.34	1.48	0	0
Late-successional plants	1.09	1.32	2.84	0.84

[1] 4. Corresponding author: hebert@kondrat.com.br

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Dinâmica da comunidade vegetal em um fragmento florestal urbano da área metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil

RESUMO