ABSTRACT
The article deals with the phenomenological appropriation of the epistles to the Thessalonians carried out by Martin Heidegger in his lecture of the winter semester of 1920-1921 entitled "Introduction to the Phenomenology of Religion" (WS), when he was assistant to Edmund Husserl at the University of Freiburg (1919-1923). The lecture was first published in the context of the Integral Edition (Gesamtausgabe= GA) of Heidegger's works in 1995. In the article, I will especially consider the notion of eschatological temporality from the analysis of the Christian phenomenon of the παρoυσíα outside the context of the believer and its consequent theological foundation. Therefore, the proposal of the present study on the young Heidegger will consist, in first place, in the "status quaestionis" of the research on the said academic lecture and its relation with the Denkweg of Heidegger. In second place, I will highlight the peculiarity of the reading of Paul's epistles in the context of a phenomenological approach from the concept of "pre-comprehension" (Vorverständnis) in the sense that there is a meaning to be sought in a phenomenon without yet determining it theoretically. This methodological category indicates a horizon for which one must advance by performing a metamorphosis of the self (Selbst) (and not simply by filling in the intuition). In third place, I shall examine § 26 of the second part of the same academic lecture dealing with the "expectation of the parusia" (Die Erwartung der Parusie) in Christianity of Origins in order to explicate especially the connections between historicity and modality of an authentically lived life (the how [Wie] of existence), as well as the structure of temporality experienced by Christianity of the origins: "the factual experience of life is historical. Christian religiosity lives temporality as such".
Key words:
Parousia; temporality; kairos; facticity; Christianity of the origins; faith.