Abstract
Several studies have addressed the differences between gifted and non-gifted individuals, generating much controversy. This study aimed to investigate the association between intelligence, creativity, and personality, and compare these variables in three groups of students: group I, including early entrants to university; group II, including regular entrants; ang group III, high school students enrolled in a gifted program (group III). Thirty students (15 males and 15 females) with mean age of 17.3 years participated in the study. Intelligence was measured using the Raven’s Progressive Matrices, creativity with the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, and personality with the Factorial Personality Inventory and Rorschach. Data were analyzed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman’s correlations tests. The results showed significant differences regarding intelligence (X² [2, N = 30] = 5,975; p = 0,05) and the creative factors fluency (X² [2, N = 30] = 6,302; p = 0,043) and flexibility (X² [2, N = 30] = 6,415; p = 0,040), besides indicating a positive correlation between intelligence and analogy (r s = 0,426; p = 0,019). When compared to group II students, those of groups I and III showed advantages in intelligence and creativity. Moreover, group I students also showed a greater openness to new experiences and changes when compared to those of the two other groups. The results indicate that intelligence and creativity are different but related constructs, suggesting that intelligence would be a subset of creativity.
Keywords:
Intelligence; Personality; Creativity; Giftedness; School acceleration