Several studies have pointed out some mistaken ideas that pervade the theme of the high abilities / giftedness, which have directly affected their education. Therefore, the general aim of this study is to conduct an investigation concerning the myths which still permeate the theme of giftedness today, by comparing it to the evolution of the laws and public policies in Brazil aimed at meeting the needs of the gifted and talented children. Researches conducted show that the laws alone are not enough to assure an effective education to the gifted students, unless further clarifying information on the theme is spread. The critical analysis of the studies addressed may give support to new researches to be conducted about the way giftedness has been understood by the society. Furthermore, the inquiries raised may help to prepare and improve the programs designed to the gifted individuals as well as the environment in which they are inserted.
Gifted; myths; education