Seroprevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Leishmania</i> spp. in domestic donkeys from Portugal

Rodrigues, Filipa Teixeira; Pereira, Catarina; Dubey, Jitender Prakash; Nóvoa, Miguel; Quaresma, Miguel; Schallig, Henk; Cardoso, Luís; Lopes, Ana Patrícia

doi:10.1590/S1984-296120180091

Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

Português Español

Brazil

Português Español

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Short Communication • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 28 (1) • Jan-Mar 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-296120180091 copy

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania spp. in domestic donkeys from Portugal

Soroprevalência de Toxoplasma gondii e Leishmania spp. em jumentos domésticos de Portugal

About the authors

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania infantum are zoonotic protozoal parasites. Serum samples were obtained from 186 donkeys (Equus africanus asinus) from Portugal and assessed for antibodies to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT). For titration of antibodies to Leishmania spp. the direct agglutination test was used (DAT). Eleven donkeys were seropositive for T. gondii with titres of 20 (n = 7), 80 (n = 2), 640 (n = 1) and ≥ 2560 (n = 1). One donkey was seropositive for Leishmania spp. (titre of 800). Donkeys in Portugal are exposed to and can be infected with T. gondii and Leishmania spp.

Keywords:
Direct agglutination test; donkey; Leishmania infantum; modified agglutination test; Toxoplasma gondii; Portugal

Variable/categories	Nº of donkeys (%) tested	Percentage (n) of seropositive	CI
Sex		p = 1.0
Female	118 (63.4)	5.9 (7)	2.4-11.8
Male	68 (36.6)	5.9 (4)	1.6-14.4
Age class		p = 0.501
[2-11] months	13 (7.0)	0.0 (0)	0.0-24.7
[1-5[ years	40 (21.5)	5.0 (2)	0.6-16.9
[5-14[ years	81 (43.5)	8.6 (7)	3.5-17.0
[14-32] years	52 (28.0)	3.8 (2)	0.5-13.2
Breed		p = 0.210
Asinina de Miranda	115 (61.8)	7.8 (9)	3.6-14.3
Mixed	71 (38.2)	2.8 (2)	0.3-9.8
Aptitude		p = 0.532
Leisure	107 (57.5)	4.7 (5)	1.5-10.6
Work	79 (42.5)	7.6 (6)	2.8-15.8
Housing		p = 0.188
Indoors and Mixed	63 (33.9)	9.5 (6)	3.6-19.6
Outdoors	123 (66.1)	4.1 (5)	1.3-9.2
Geographical area		p = 1.0
North	102 (54.8)	5.9 (6)	2.2-12.4
South	84 (45.2)	6.0 (5)	2.0-13.3
Contact with cats		p = 0.082
No	54 (29.0)	11.1 (6)	4.2-22.6
Yes	132 (71.0)	3.8 (5)	1.2-8.6
Contact with donkeys		p = 0.091
No	9 (4.8)	22.2 (2)	2.8-60.0
Yes	177 (95.2)	5.1 (9)	2.4-9.4
Contact with dogs		p = 0.015
No	29 (15.6)	17.2 (5)	5.8-35.8
Yes	157 (84.4)	3.8 (6)	1.4-8.1
Total	186 (100)	5.9 (11)	3.0-10.3

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] CI: 95% confidence interval.