Dimensionamento e sobreposição de nichos dos portunídeos (Decapoda, Brachyura), na Enseada da Fortaleza, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil

Pinheiro, Marcelo Antonio Amaro; Fransozo, Adilson; Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria Lúcia

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751997000200010

Resumo

The niche breadth of the Portunidae and their overlap on the subtidal sediments of Fortaleza bay, Ubatuba (São Paulo) was analyzed. Samples were made monthly from November/1988 to October/1989, inseven areas of the bay using a shrimp fishery boat equipped with two otter-trawls. Each area was characterized based on environmental factors such as depth, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, organic matter and granulometric composition of the sediment. The number of individuais of each species was registered to each area (resource). Levins's standardized measure (BA) and niche percentage were calculated. Five species of swimming crabs were recorded in this study: Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863, Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818), Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819, Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 and Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871). The widest ecological niche occurred to C. ornatus, present in all sampled areas (generalist species). Such fact can be related to high sediment tolerance when it is compared to P. spinimanus (especialist species) which was limited to the areas with coarse granulometric fractions. Highest niche overlap was verified between C. danae and A. cribrarius may be due to greater salinity tolerance of these species. The low occurrence of P. spinicarpus and its reduced niche size in Fortaleza Bay are due to association of this species to cold water currents (ACAS) more evidente in smaler depths during summer months. One future evaluation of the portunid diet can be useful to complement informations about this important aspect of the marine ecology.

Portunidae; distribution; niche; sediment; swimming crab

Dimensionamento e sobreposição de nichos dos portunídeos (Decapoda, Brachyura), na Enseada da Fortaleza, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil

Breadth and overlap niches of the portunid crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura), in Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

Marcelo Antonio Amaro Pinheiro^I,III; Adilson Fransozo^II,III; Maria Lúcia Negreiros-Fransozo^II,III

^IDepartamento de Biologia Aplicada, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista. 14870-000 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil

^IIDepartamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista. 18618-000 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil

^IIICentro de Aqüicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Núcleo de Estudos em Biologia Ecologia e Cultivo de Crustáceos

ABSTRACT

The niche breadth of the Portunidae and their overlap on the subtidal sediments of Fortaleza bay, Ubatuba (São Paulo) was analyzed. Samples were made monthly from November/1988 to October/1989, inseven areas of the bay using a shrimp fishery boat equipped with two otter-trawls. Each area was characterized based on environmental factors such as depth, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, organic matter and granulometric composition of the sediment. The number of individuais of each species was registered to each area (resource). Levins's standardized measure (BA) and niche percentage were calculated. Five species of swimming crabs were recorded in this study: Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863, Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818), Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819, Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 and Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871). The widest ecological niche occurred to C. ornatus, present in all sampled areas (generalist species). Such fact can be related to high sediment tolerance when it is compared to P. spinimanus (especialist species) which was limited to the areas with coarse granulometric fractions. Highest niche overlap was verified between C. danae and A. cribrarius may be due to greater salinity tolerance of these species. The low occurrence of P. spinicarpus and its reduced niche size in Fortaleza Bay are due to association of this species to cold water currents (ACAS) more evidente in smaler depths during summer months. One future evaluation of the portunid diet can be useful to complement informations about this important aspect of the marine ecology.

Key words: Portunidae, distribution, niche, sediment, swimming crab

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Recebido em 17.VI.1996; aceito em 18.VI.1997.

Colwell, R.K. & D.J. Futuyma. 1971. On the measurement of niche breadth and overlap. Ecology 52:567-576.
Forneris, L. 1969. Fauna bentônica da Baía do Flamengo, Ubatuba. Aspectos ecológicos. Tese de Livre-Docência, não publicada, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 215 p.
Fransozo, A.; M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo; F.L.M. Mantelatto; M.A.A. Pinheiro & S. Santos. 1992. Composição e distribuição dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) do substrato não consolidado da Enseada da Fortaleza, Ubatuba (SP). Rev. Brasil. Biol. 52 (4):667-675.
Hutchinson, G.E. 1981. Introducción a la ecologia de poblaciones. Barcelona, Editorial Blume, 492 p.
Krebs, C.J. 1989. Ecological methodology. New York, Harper & Row Publishers, 645 p.
Leber, K.M. 1982. Seasonality of macroinvertebrates on a temperate, high wave energy sandy beach. Bull. Mar. Sci. 32 (1):86-98.
Maguire Jr., B. 1973. Niche response structure and the analytical potentials of its relationship to the habitat. Amer. Nat. 107 (954):213-246.
Negreiros-Fransozo, M.L.; A. Fransozo; M.A.A. Pinheiro; F.L.M. Mantelatto & S. Santos. 1991. Caracterização física e química da Enseada da Fortaleza, Ubatuba, SP. Rev. Bras. Geocienc. 21 (3):114-120.
Odum, E. P. 1988. Ecologia. Rio de Janeiro, Editora Guanabara S.A., 434 p.
Ortmann, A.E. 1906. Facts and theories in evolution. Science 23:947-952.
Pinheiro, M.A.A.; A. Fransozo & M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo. 1996. Distribution patterns of Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae), in Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba (SP), Brazil. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 56 (4):705-716.
Santos, S.; M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo & A. Fransozo. 1994. The distribution of the swimming crab Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) in Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba, SP, Brazil. Atlântica 16:125-141.
Sartor, S.M. 1989. Composição e distribuição dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda), no litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo. Tese de Doutorado, não publicada, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (IO/USP), São Paulo, 197 p.
Schäfer, W. 1954. Form and funktion der Brachyurenschere. Abhandkl. Senckenberg. naturf. Ges. 489:1-66.
Schöne, H. 1961. Complex behavior, p. 465-520. In: T.H. Waterman. The phisiology of Crustacea. Sense organs, integration and behaviour. New York, Academic Press, vol. 2, 681 p.
Vanin, A.M.S.P. 1989. Estrutura e dinâmica da megafauna bêntica na plataforma continental da região norte do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Tese de Livre-Docência, não publicada, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 215 p.
Wade, B.A. 1967. Studies on the biology of the west indian beach clam, Donax denticulatus Linné. 1 -Ecology. Bull. Mar. Sci. 17 (1):149-174.
Warner, G.F. 1977. The biology of crabs. New York, Elek Science London, 202 p.
Williams, A.B. 1984. Shrimps, lobsters and crabs of the Atlantic Coast of the eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, XVIII+550 p.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
13 Jul 2009
Data do Fascículo
1997

Histórico

Recebido
17 Jun 1996
Aceito
18 Jun 1997

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Colwell, R.K. & D.J. Futuyma. 1971. On the measurement of niche breadth and overlap. Ecology 52:567-576.

[2] Forneris, L. 1969. Fauna bentônica da Baía do Flamengo, Ubatuba. Aspectos ecológicos. Tese de Livre-Docência, não publicada, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 215 p.

[3] Fransozo, A.; M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo; F.L.M. Mantelatto; M.A.A. Pinheiro & S. Santos. 1992. Composição e distribuição dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) do substrato não consolidado da Enseada da Fortaleza, Ubatuba (SP). Rev. Brasil. Biol. 52 (4):667-675.

[4] Hutchinson, G.E. 1981. Introducción a la ecologia de poblaciones. Barcelona, Editorial Blume, 492 p.

[5] Krebs, C.J. 1989. Ecological methodology. New York, Harper & Row Publishers, 645 p.

[6] Leber, K.M. 1982. Seasonality of macroinvertebrates on a temperate, high wave energy sandy beach. Bull. Mar. Sci. 32 (1):86-98.

[7] Maguire Jr., B. 1973. Niche response structure and the analytical potentials of its relationship to the habitat. Amer. Nat. 107 (954):213-246.

[8] Negreiros-Fransozo, M.L.; A. Fransozo; M.A.A. Pinheiro; F.L.M. Mantelatto & S. Santos. 1991. Caracterização física e química da Enseada da Fortaleza, Ubatuba, SP. Rev. Bras. Geocienc. 21 (3):114-120.

[9] Odum, E. P. 1988. Ecologia. Rio de Janeiro, Editora Guanabara S.A., 434 p.

[10] Ortmann, A.E. 1906. Facts and theories in evolution. Science 23:947-952.

[11] Pinheiro, M.A.A.; A. Fransozo & M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo. 1996. Distribution patterns of Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae), in Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba (SP), Brazil. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 56 (4):705-716.

[12] Santos, S.; M.L. Negreiros-Fransozo & A. Fransozo. 1994. The distribution of the swimming crab Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) in Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba, SP, Brazil. Atlântica 16:125-141.

[13] Sartor, S.M. 1989. Composição e distribuição dos Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda), no litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo. Tese de Doutorado, não publicada, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (IO/USP), São Paulo, 197 p.

[14] Schäfer, W. 1954. Form and funktion der Brachyurenschere. Abhandkl. Senckenberg. naturf. Ges. 489:1-66.

[15] Schöne, H. 1961. Complex behavior, p. 465-520. In: T.H. Waterman. The phisiology of Crustacea. Sense organs, integration and behaviour. New York, Academic Press, vol. 2, 681 p.

[16] Vanin, A.M.S.P. 1989. Estrutura e dinâmica da megafauna bêntica na plataforma continental da região norte do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Tese de Livre-Docência, não publicada, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 215 p.

[17] Wade, B.A. 1967. Studies on the biology of the west indian beach clam, Donax denticulatus Linné. 1 -Ecology. Bull. Mar. Sci. 17 (1):149-174.

[18] Warner, G.F. 1977. The biology of crabs. New York, Elek Science London, 202 p.

[19] Williams, A.B. 1984. Shrimps, lobsters and crabs of the Atlantic Coast of the eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, XVIII+550 p.