A new variety of Solanum sisymbriifolium obtained by in vitro polyploidization

Iannicelli, Jesica; Costoya, Susana; Bugallo, Verónica; Coviella, María Andrea; Mondino, Eduardo Ariel; Islas, Andrea Julieta Thougnon; Escandón, Alejandro Salvio

doi:10.1590/2175-7860202475025

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Original Paper • Rodriguésia 75 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202475025 copy

A new variety of Solanum sisymbriifolium obtained by in vitro polyploidization

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Solanum sisymbriifolium is a shrub native to South America and considered a weed of several important crops. Despite this, this species has proven nematicidal capacity and medicinal properties, due to its ability to produce alkaloids. Thus, the objective of this work was to adjust a reliable protocol to obtain in vitro polyploid plants of S. sisymbriifolium to generate germplasm that serves as the basis for a breeding program of this species aimed to improve the sanitary conditions of horticultural crops with less impact on the environment.

Key words:
colchicine; micropropagation; tetraploid; tissue culture

Authorship

Jesica Iannicelli ^* * Corresponding author: jesi.iannicelli@gmail.com

Instituto de Genética Edwald A. Favret (CICVyA-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Instituto de Genética Edwald A. Favret (CICVyA-CNIA-INTA)ArgentinaBuenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Genética Edwald A. Favret (CICVyA-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de HurlinghamArgentinaHurlingham, ArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0265-9100

Susana Costoya

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-7531

Verónica Bugallo

Instituto de Floricultura (CIRN-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Instituto de Floricultura (CIRN-CNIA-INTA)ArgentinaBuenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Floricultura (CIRN-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-5301

María Andrea Coviella

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-0660

Eduardo Ariel Mondino

Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, IPADS Balcarce INTA-CONICET, Balcarce, Argentina.Estación Experimental AgropecuariaArgentinaBalcarce, ArgentinaEstación Experimental Agropecuaria, IPADS Balcarce INTA-CONICET, Balcarce, Argentina.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0263-1151

Andrea Julieta Thougnon Islas

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2251-6839

Alejandro Salvio Escandón

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-3809

* Corresponding author:
jesi.iannicelli@gmail.com

Area Editor:

Dr. Georgia Pacheco

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de HurlinghamArgentinaHurlingham, ArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.

Figures | Tables

Figures (6)
Tables (1)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Progress of Solanum sisymbriifolium micropropagation - a) Nodal segment at the beginning of the culture. b) Aspect of one explant after 45 days of culture on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP. The black arrows indicate the pre-existing shoots developed, whereas the red arrows indicate the de novo ones. c) Rooting stage. The arrows indicate the developed roots. d) Plantlet starts the acclimatization step. e) End of the micropropagation process with the plants under normal greenhouse conditions. Bar: 1 cm

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Different profiles obtained via flow cytometry - a) Control + diploid plant. Control + b) Chimera 1. c) Chimera 2. d) Chimera 3. e) Chimera 4. f) Chimera 5. g) Tetraploid plant 9.1. h) Tetraploid plant 9.2. Control: in black line. Treated: in gray line. Abscissa axis: DNA content (arbitrary units). Ordinate axis: DAPI.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Metaphase chromosomes of the diploid individual (panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (panel “b”). In panel “a”, bar= 5 µm, in panel “b”, bar= 10 µm.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Size differences between a fully extended young leaf of a diploid individual (“a”) and that of a tetraploid individual (“b”).

Thumbnail

Figure 5
Average flower size of the diploid individual (Panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (Panel “b”).

Thumbnail

Figure 6
Diploid and tetraploid plants at different stages of development. Panel “a”: at an early stage. Panel “b”: the same individuals three months later.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Summary of the differences in the size of leaves and flowers, DNA amount and chromosome number, between the original diploid individual and the recovered tetraploid. Different letters indicate significant differences (Student’s test for different standard deviation, p>0.05).

Figure 1 Progress of Solanum sisymbriifolium micropropagation - a) Nodal segment at the beginning of the culture. b) Aspect of one explant after 45 days of culture on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP. The black arrows indicate the pre-existing shoots developed, whereas the red arrows indicate the de novo ones. c) Rooting stage. The arrows indicate the developed roots. d) Plantlet starts the acclimatization step. e) End of the micropropagation process with the plants under normal greenhouse conditions. Bar: 1 cm

Figure 2 Different profiles obtained via flow cytometry - a) Control + diploid plant. Control + b) Chimera 1. c) Chimera 2. d) Chimera 3. e) Chimera 4. f) Chimera 5. g) Tetraploid plant 9.1. h) Tetraploid plant 9.2. Control: in black line. Treated: in gray line. Abscissa axis: DNA content (arbitrary units). Ordinate axis: DAPI.

Figure 3 Metaphase chromosomes of the diploid individual (panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (panel “b”). In panel “a”, bar= 5 µm, in panel “b”, bar= 10 µm.

Figure 4 Size differences between a fully extended young leaf of a diploid individual (“a”) and that of a tetraploid individual (“b”).

Figure 5 Average flower size of the diploid individual (Panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (Panel “b”).

Figure 6 Diploid and tetraploid plants at different stages of development. Panel “a”: at an early stage. Panel “b”: the same individuals three months later.

Table 1 Summary of the differences in the size of leaves and flowers, DNA amount and chromosome number, between the original diploid individual and the recovered tetraploid. Different letters indicate significant differences (Student’s test for different standard deviation, p>0.05).

Leaves	diploid	tetraploid
Length	10.99 ± 0.31^a	13.30 ± 0.12^b
Width	6.89 ± 0.42 ^a	10.04 ± 0.48^b

Flowers
Diameter	2.90 ± 0.02 ^a	3.91 ± 0.21^b

Cytogenetic
DNA content	8	16

Chromosome number	24	48

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Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Rua Pacheco Leão, 915 - Jardim Botânico, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel.: (55 21)3204-2148, Fax: (55 21) 3204-2071 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: rodriguesia@jbrj.gov.br

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A new variety of Solanum sisymbriifolium obtained by in vitro polyploidization

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[1] * Corresponding author:
jesi.iannicelli@gmail.com