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IN-SERVICE AND PRE-SERVICE PORTUGUESE TEACHERS BELIEFS ABOUT FAILURE IN THE 2ND GRADE

ABSTRACT

This study sought to investigate the beliefs of teachers and students of teacher training courses for the first cycle of basic education in Portugal about grade retention in the second grade. 137 in-service teachers and 99 undergraduate students (aged between 19 and 65 years, 96.2% female) participated in the survey and answered a questionnaire about the general and socio-affective academic effects of grade retention and the effect of early grade retention. The results showed great variability in teachers’ beliefs, with in-service teachers presenting more positive beliefs than those of students. There was also an association between teachers’ beliefs and their practices. Beliefs seem to have an impact on teaching practices, managing to override educational policies and scientific recommendations.

KEYWORDS
grade retention; basic education teachers; beliefs; educational practices

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